EXCHANGE 


BIOLOGY 
UBRAPY 


EXCHANGE 


IM  UV 


MICHIGAN  FLORA 


A  LIST  OF  THE 

AND   SEED  PLANTS  GROWING 
WITHOUT  CULTIVATION 

PREPARED  BY 

W.  J.  BEAL.  Sc,  M.,  PH.  D., 

AGRICULTURAL    COLLEGE,     MICHIGAN. 


A  f*  ^  -^ 

UNIVERSITY 


Reprinted  by  permission,  from  the  Fifth  Report  of  the  Michigan  Academy  of  Seierir 


PUBLISHED  BY 

THK  STATIC  BOARD  OF 

COLLEGE.  MIC'-H. 


LANSIXC.  MICH. 

KOHKUT  SMITH    MKINTINC  CO.,  STATE  PK1NTEKS  AND  IJINDEKS 

1904 


MICHIGAN  FLORA 


A  LIST  OF  THE 


EERN  ,AND   SEED  PLANTS  GROWING 
WITHOUT  CULTIVATION 


PREPARED  BY 


W.  J.  BEAL,  Sc.  M.,  PH.  D., 


AGRICULTURAL    COLLEGE,     MICHIGAN, 


[Reprinted  by  permission,  from  the  Fifth  Report  of  the  Michigan  Academy  of  Science,  1904.] 


PUBLISHED  BY 

THE  STATE  BOARD  OF  AGRICULTURE 
AGRICULTURAL  COLLEGE,  MICH. 


LANSING,  MICH. 

ROBERT  SMITH  PRINTING  CO.,  STATE  PRINTERS  AND  BINDERS 

1904 


?o4 


INTRODUCTION, 


The  first  Michigan  Flora  entitled  a  "Catalogue  of  the  Phaenogamous  and 
Vascular  Cryptogamous  Plants  of  Michigan,  Indigenous,  Naturalized 
and  Adentive,"  was  prepared  by  Charles  F.  Wheeler  and  Erwin  F.  Smith, 
and  was  printed  in  the  report  of  the  Michigan  State  Horticultural  Society 
for  1880. 

The  second  Michigan  Flora,  based  on  the  first,  was  prepared  by  W.  J. 
Beal  and  C.  F.  Wheeler  and  was  printed  in  the  report  of  the  Michigan 
State  Board  of  Agriculture  for  1892.  Of  the  second  Michigan  Flora  one 
thousand  separates  were  printed,  for  distribution  and  the  supply  was 
exhausted  in  less  than  five  years. 

The  copies  of  all  the  former  edition  of  this  Flora  were  distributed 
chiefly  among  botanists  of  all  grades  from  Professors  in  Universities 
and  Colleges,  Normal  Schools,  teachers  in  High  Schools,  Academies  and 
among  amateurs.  It  is  believed  that  this  edition  notwithstanding  all  its 
defects,  will  encourage  many  to  study  the  wild  plants  of  Michigan  not 
forgetting  the  arrivals  from  other  countries.  Besides  assisting  the 
student  in  becoming  familiar  with  names  of  species  and  their  distribu- 
tion, it  should  be  useful  in  other  respects. 

Within  the  past  few  years  a  delightful  department  of  botany  has 
attracted  much  attention.  It  is  emphatically  outdoor  work  and  is  known 
as  Ecology  or  the  relations  of  plants  to  their  environment. 

This  Flora  may  help  the  student  in  his  investigations  of  plant  groups 
or  plant  associations,  noting  those  peculiar  to  certain  kinds  of  soil,  and 
others  growing  almost  everywhere.  It  will  aid  in  listing  natives  and 
exotics.  Students  can  make  many  lists,  such  as  those  forming  rosettes, 
those  that  climb,  those  that  thrive  in  the  woods  in  early  spring,  those 
that  grow  in  strata  or  layers  above  each  other  or  in  zones  within  and 
without  each  other.  It  should  aid  in  the  study  of  plant  dispersal  by  all 
sorts  of  methods  and  in  the  multitude  of  ways  by  which  plants  protect 
themselves. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  chapters  found  in  the  last  edition  of  the 
Flora  that  are  omitted  in  this  edition : 

Planting  the  Roadside  and  about  the  Home. 
Planting  a  Grove. 
Planting  a  Wild  Garden. 
Autumn  Foliage. 

Native  Tr^es  and  Shrubs  selected  for  the  Color  of  their  Leaves  in  Autumn. 
Native  small  Trees  and  Shrubs  distinguished  for  their  Flowers. 
Native  Shrubs  or  Trees  distinguished  for  their  beautiful  Fruit. 
A  list  of  native  Trees  and   Shrubs  distinguished  for  their  showy  or  brilliant 
colored  Bark. 


MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OP  SCIENCE. 

Native  Climbing  Plants. 
Native  Plants  which  are  very  light  Colored. 
A  list  of  Small  Evergreens. 
Bronze  Evergreens. 

Native  Bog  and  Marsh  plants  which  are  Promising  for  Cultivation. 
Plants  suitable  for  winter  Bouquets. 
Native  Aquatic  Plants  most  worthy  of  Cultivation. 
A  list  of  native  Ferns  promising  for  Cultivation. 
The  Procession  of  Flowers. 
The  best  Kinds  of  Timber  for  Firewood. 
The  most  durable  Kinds  of  Timber  for  Post  or  Sills. 
Favorite  Kinds  of  Timber  for  the  Cabinet  Maker. 
Timber  for  farm  Implements. 
Valuable  Timber  for  large  Boats. 

Kinds  of  timber  most  employed  for  Boxes,  Baskets  and  Barrels. 
Timber  for  Paper  Pulp. 
Trees  for  Sugar. 

Trees  and  Shrubs  best  suited  for  Screens  or  Wind-breaks. 

Some  of  our  wild  fruits  and  nuts,  with  suggestions  concerning  their  improve- 
ment. 

Native  plants  for  the  Protection  of  Hillsides,  Embankments  and  drifting  Sands. 

Plants  for  Carp  Ponds. 

Native  tree-like  or  large  Shrubs. 

List  of  smaller  Shrubs. 

List  of  Rare  or  Local  Plants. 

List  of  Plants  introduced  from  Europe  and  becoming  Naturalized. 

Parasitic  Fungi. 

Flowering  Parasites  and  Saprophytes  destitute  >of  green  leaves. 

List  of  Michigan  Plants  which  are  admitted  to  the  United  States  Pharmacopoeia. 

List  of  medicinal  Plants  not  officinal. 

As  mentioned  in  both  editions  of  the  Flora  above  referred  to,  so  in 
this,  the  third  edition,  much  pains  has  been  taken  to  examine  authentic 
specimens  which  are  preserved  in  some  herbarium.  For  thirty  years,  till 
he  resigned  his  position  at  the  Agricultural  College  in  1902,  Professor 
C.  F.  Wheeler  was  a  most  diligent  collector  of  plants  in  the  State.  He 
kept  full  notes,  not  only  of  his  findings  but  sought  specimens  and  notes 
from  many  others. 

In  1888,  Professor  L.  H.  Bailey,  C.  F.  Wheeler, and  the  author  accom- 
panied by  two  students  spent  two  weeks  in  collecting  on  a  journey  across 
the  State  from  Harrisville  in  Alcona  county  to  Frankfort  in  Benzie 
county. 

In  1892,  Professor  Wheeler  spent  several  weeks  in  the  southeastern 
and  in  the  southwestern  counties  and  in  the  Upper  Peninsula  making 
collections  for  the  exposition  held  in  Chicago.  In  1895,  some  weeks  were 
spent  collecting  in  Alpena  and  vicinity,  and  later  he  and  B.  O.  Longyear 
collected  in  Ingham.  Washtenaw,  and  Jackson  counties.  In  the  summer 
of  1900  Professor  Wheeler  spent  about  six  weeks  collecting  at  Chatham 
and  vicinity  in  the  Upper  Peninsula. 

Portions  of  every  year  since  1890  were  occupied  by  Professor  Wheeler 
in  making  great  numbers  of  short  excursions  in  behalf  of  the  herbarium 
of  the  Agricultural  College.  During  these  years  and  previously,  the 
author  collected  considerable  in  the  counties  of  losco,  Clare,  Crawford, 
Grand  Traverse,  Lake,  Muskegon,  Calhoun,  Eaton,  Lenawee,  Clinton, 
Ingham.  More  particularly  since  1890,  numerous  collections  made  by 
others  have  been  sent  to  the  Agricultural  College  for  identification  and 
for  preservation  in  the  herbarium. 

Notably  among  these  collectors  must  be  mentioned  Miss  Emma  J.  Cole 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN   FLORA. 

'and  H.  C.  Skeels  of  Grand  Rapids;  C.  D.  McLouth  of  Muskegon;  G.  H. 
Hicks  of  Grayling,  Owosso  and  the  Agricultural  College;  C.  K.  Dodge 
of  Port  Huron;  George  M.  Bradford  of  Bay  City;  W.  K.  Brotherton  of 
Oakland;  Geo.  W.  Davis  of  Tekonsha;  J.  W.  Stacy  of  Clarksville.  Col- 
lections have  been  received,  by  gift  or  purchase,  from  Prof.  C.  A.  Davis 
formerly  of  Alma,  now  of  the  University;  of  O.  A.  Farwell  formerly  of 
Keweenaw  county,  of  Ypsilanti,  and  later  of  Detroit;  and  Rev.  Francis 
Daniels  formerly  of  Alto,  Kent  county,  Manistee  and  Sturgis;  W.  S. 
Cooper  of  Alma. 

After  all  has  been  said  and  done,  the  study  of  the  flora  of  the  state  at  • 
best  can  only  be  considered  as  fairly  begun.     By  far  the  greater  areas 
have  not  yet  been  seen  by  any  systematic  botanist  and  very  few  regions 
have  been  visited  by  one  who  is  an  expert  in  some  one  or  more  of  the 
more  difficult  families. 

What  species  flourished  in  large  areas  will  never  be  fully  known,  since 
man  has  cut  off,  burned  over  and  plowed  under  tens  of  thousands  of  acres 
of  the  virgin  wilderness !  Swamps,  marshes  and  lakes  have  been  drained 
and  the  land  occupied  by  farm  crops.  Many  native  plants  are  rapidly 
shifting  from  one  place  to  another. 

Chiefly  through  the  agency  of  man,  great  numbers  of  weeds  and  other 
plants  have  been  introduced  from  other  states  and  from  foreign  countries 
and  each*  has  begun  a  vigorous  warfare  for  all  the  room  it  can  get. 

The  sequence  of  natural  families  in  former  Michigan  Floras  followed 
Gray's  Manual  which  is  essentially  that  of  Auguste  Pyrame  De  Candolle. 
Most  of  the  reasons  given  for  that  arrangement  have  long  since  been 
considered  untenable.  In  the  Flora,  I  have  followed  Britton's  Manual  of 
the  Flora  of  the  Northern  States  and  Canada,  published  in  April,  1901. 
In  this  work  the  sequence  of  families  is  very  nearly  the  same  as  that  of 
Engler  and  Prantl,  which  is  considered  the  most  philosophical  yet  pre- 
sented. 

Some  of  the  guiding  principles  for  the  system  of  Engler  and  Prantl, 
as  they  are  stated  by  Britton  and  Brown's  Flora,  are  as  follows: 

The  more  simple  forms  are,  in  general,  distinguished  from  the  more 
complex,  (1)  by  fewer  organs  or  parts;  (2)  by  the  less  perfect  adapta- 
tion of  the  organs  to  the  purposes  they  subserve;  (3)  by  the  relative 
degree  of  development  of  the  more  important  organs;  (4)  by  the  lesser 
degree  of  differentiation  of  the  plant-body  or  of  its  organs;  (5)  by  con- 
siderations of  antiquity,  as  indicated  by  the  geological  record;  (6)  by 
a  consideration  of  the  phenomena  of  embryogeny.  Thus,  the  Pteridophyta, 
which  do  not  produce  seeds  and  which  appear  on  the  earth  in  Silurian 
time,  are  simpler  than  the  Spermatophyta ;  the  Gymnospermee  in  which 
the  ovules  are  borne  on  the  face  of  a  scale,  and  which  are  known  from  the 
Devonian  period  onward,  are  simpler  than  the  Angiospermre,  whose  ovules 
are  borne  in  a  closed  cavity,  and  which  are  unknown  before  the  Jurassic. 

In  the  Angiospermse  the  similar  types  are  those  whose  floral  structure 
is  nearest  the  structure  of  the  branch  or  stem  from  which  the  flower 
has  been  metamorphosed,  that  is  to  say,  in  which  the  parts  of  the  flower 
(modified  leaves)  are  more  nearly  separate  or  distinct  from  each  other, 
the  leaves  of  any^stem  or  branch  being  normally  separated,  while  those 
are  the  most  complex  whose  floral  parts  are  most  united. 

The  names  of  genera  and  species  are  tfre  same  as  those  used  in 
Britton's  Manual  and  where  these  differ  from  those  in  the  sixth  edition  of 


6  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

Gray's  Manual,  the  latter  are  also  inserted  in  the  text.  The  species  of 
each  genus  are  arranged  in  alphabetical  order.  To  economize  space  a 
considerable  number  of  sections  of  the  Flora  last  prepared  have  been 
omitted  or  much  abbreviated.  , 

In  the  preparation  of  this  Flora  thanks  are  due  to  Professor  C.  F. 
Wheeler,  O.  A.  Farwell,  Prof.  C.  A.  Davis,  C.  K.  Dodge,  C.  D.  McLouth, 
G.  M.  Bradford,  J.  B.  Dandeno. 

W.  J.  BEAL. 

Agricultural  College,  Mich.,  Dec.  1,  1904. 


CONTENTS. 


Page. 

Bibliography , 9 

Herbaria  consulted 10 

Local  list  consulted 11 

Topography 11 

Climate  and  distribution 13 

Flora  of  the  Jack  Pine  Plains '. 16 

a.  Those  most  common 16 

b.  Those  less  frequent 16 

Plants  indicating  a  fertile  soil 18 

Plants  peculiar  to  the  prairies 19 

Overlapping  of  northern  and  southern  species  in  the  Grand  River  Valley 19 

Northern  species 19 

Southern  species 19 

Comparison  of  the  flora  of  the  eastern  and  the  western  sides  of  the  State  in 

latitude  44°  40' 20 

a.  Northern  plants  found  on  the  east  side  of  the  State  and  not  on  the  west  20 

b.  Southern  plants  found  on  the  west  side  of  the  State  and  not  on  the  east  20 

Plants  supposed  to  have  immigrated  from  the  northeast 20 

Plants  supposed  to  have  immigrated  from  the  north  and  west 21 

Trees  of  Michigan  compared  with  those  of  Europe 21 

Why  has  Michigan  so  many  trees  and  Great  Britain  so  few? 22 

Native  forage  plants 23 

Native  bee  plants 24 

Weeds,  native  and  introduced 25 

List  of  weeds  introduced  from  Europe  and  Asia 25 

List  of  indigenous  weeds 27 

Native  poisonous  plants 72 

Native  plants  fast  disappearing 28 

List  of  trees  indigenous  to  Michigan 28 

List  of  shrubs  indigenous  to  Michigan 30 

Flora  catalogue 34 

Index  . .  137 


BIBLIOGRAPHY. 


The  following  publications  have  been  consulted  in  the  preparation  of 
this  work : 

1839.  Wright,  John,  M.  D.,  Catalogue  of  the  Phsenogams  and  Filicoid  Plants  col- 
lected on  the  Geological  Survey  of  Michigan.  Legislative  Report  No.  23, 
pp.  17-44,  Detroit. 

1849.  Burt,  W.  A.,  Catalogue  of  the  Plants  collected  in  the  primitive  region  south 
of  Lake  Superior  in  1846.    D.  Cooley,  Jackson's  Lake  Superior,  pp.  875-882. 
Washington^,  D.  C. 

1850.  Agassiz,  Louis,  Lake  Superior,  its  Physical  Character,  Vegetation  and  Ani- 
mals, etc. 

1851.  Whitney,  W.  D.,  List  of  Plants  of  the  Upper  Peninsula  in  Report  on  the 
Geology   of   the   Lake   Superior   Land    District.     J.    W.    Foster   and   J.    D. 
Whitney,  part  2. 

1853.  Cooley,  D.,  M.  D.,  A  Manuscript  List  of  the  Plants  growing  spontaneously 
within  ten  miles  of  Cooley's  corners,  Washington,  Macomb,  Co. 

1861.  Winchell,  N.  H.,  Catalogue  of  Phasnogamous  and  Acrogenous  Plants  found 
growing  wild  in  the  Lower  Peninsula  of  Michigan  and  the  Islands  at  the 
head  of  Lake  Huron.  Geological  Report  for  1860,  pp.  245-330. 

1873.  Coleman,  N.,  Catalogue  of  Flowering  Plants  of  the  Southern  Peninsula  of 
Michigan,  with  a  few  of  the  Cryptogamia.  Grand  Rapids,  Miscellaneous 
Publications,  No.  2,  Kent  Scientific  Institute. 

1876.  Tuthill,  F.  H.,  Some  notes  on  the  Flora  near  Kalamazoo,  Mich.  Bot.  Gaz. 
Vol.  1,  pp.  13-14. 

1876.  Almendinger,  E.  C.,  Flora  of  Ann  Arbor  and  Vicinity.     Proceedings  of  the 
Ann  Arbor  Scientific  Association,  pp.  85-116. 

1877.  Palmer,  Elmore,  M.  D.,  Catalogue  of  Phaenogamous  and  Acrogenous  Plants 
found  growing  wild  in  the  State  of  Michigan. 

1877.  Spalding,  V.  M.,  List  of  Native  Medicinal  Plants  of  Michigan.     Proceedings 
of  the  Michigan  Pharmaceutical  Association. 

1878.  Lyons,  A.   B.,  M.   D.,  Medicinal  Plants  Indigenous  in  Michigan.     Nov.  27, 
1877,  Detroit  Lancet,  February  and  March,  1878. 

1880.     Bailey,  L.  H.,  Jr.,  Michigan  Lake  Shore  Plants  at  South  Haven.     Bot.  Gaz. 

pp.  76-77  and  pp.  90-91. 

1882.     Bailey,  L.  H.,  Jr.,  Limits  of  Michigan  Plants.     Bot.  Gaz.  pp.  106-108. 
1882.     Foerste,  A.  F.,  Plants  of  Belle  Isle,  Michigan.    Bot.  Gaz.  pp.  202-203. 
1884.     Hill,  E.  J.,  The  Menominee  Iron  Region  and  its  Flora.    L,  pp.  208-211;  II., 

pp.  225-229;   Bot.  Gaz. 
1886.     Campbell,  D.  H.,  Plants  of  the  Detroit  River.    Bull.    Torr.    Bot.  Club,  Vol. 

XIII,  pp.  93-94. 
1888.     Beal,  W.  J.,  List  of  Trees  and  Shrubs  belonging  to  Michigan.     First  Report 

of  State  Forestry  Commission,  pp.  36-51. 
1888.     Beal,  W.   J.,  Flora  of  the  Sandy  Pine  Plains  of  Michigan.    Report  Mich. 

Hort.  Soc.  pp.  49-55. 
1890.     Gray,  Asa,  Manual  of  the  Botany  of  the  Nprthern  United  States.     6th  Ed. 

pp.  760.     American  Book  Co.,  N.  Y. 
1890.     Hill,  E.  J.,  Notes  on  the  Flora  of  the  Lake  Superior  Region.     L,  pp.  140- 

149;  II.,  pp.  159-166;  Bot.  Gaz. 
2 


10  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

1890.  Bailey,  L.  H.,  Jr.,  The  Carices  of  the  Upper  Half  of  the  Keweenaw  Peninsula. 
Bull.  Torr.  Bot.  Club,  pp.  61-64,  Vol.  17. 

1890.  Macoun,  John,  M.  A.,  Catalogue  of  Canadian  Plants.    S.  C.,  1883-1890. 

1891.  Wheeler,    C.   F.,   Central   Michigan   Cyperaceae.     Bull.     Torr.   Bot.    Club,   p. 
148.     Vol.  18. 

1891.     Beal,  W.  J.,  and  Wheeler,  C.  Fk)  Michigan  Flora.     Report  of  the  Secretary 

of  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  pp.  471-689. 
1893.     Blodgett,  H.  T.,  Plants  of  Mason  County,  Mich.    Asa  Gray  Bull.  No.  3. 

1893.  Hicks,  Gilbert  H.,  New  and  Rare  Michigan  Plants.    Asa  Gray  Bull.  No.  3. 

1894.  Harwell,  O.  A.,  Contributions  to  the  Botany  of  Michigan.     Asa  Gray  Bull. 
Nos.   6,   7,  et  seq. 

1894.     Pieters,   A.   J.,   Plants  of  Lake   St.  Clair.     Bull.     Mich.     Fish  Commission. 

No.  2,  1893. 
1894.     Reighard,   J.   E.,   Biological   Examinations  of  Lake   St.   Clair.     Bull.   Mich. 

Fish   Commission   No.    4. 
1894.     Davis,  Charles  A.,  The  Flora  of  Michigan  Lakes.     First  Report  of  the  Mich. 

Acad.  Sci.  pp.  24-31. 

1896.  Cole,  Miss  Emma  J.,  List  of  Plants  collected  in  and  about  Grand  Rapids. 
1896-8.  Britton,  N.  L.,  and  Brown,  Addison,  An  Illustrated  Flora  of  the  Northern 

United  States,  Canada  and  the  British  Possessions.  In  three  Volumes, 
Vol.  I.  pp.  612,  Vol.  II.  pp.  643,  Vol  III.  pp.  588.  Charles  Scribner's  Sons, 
N.  Y. 

1897.  Dodge,  C.  K.,  Flora  of  St.  Clair  County,  Michigan  and  the  Western  part  of 
Lambton  County,  Ontario.    Report  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Mich.  State  Hort. 
Soc.  pp.  230-314. 

1898.  Davis,  Charles  A.,  Contributions  to  the  Knowledge  of  the  Flora  of  Tuscola 
County.     First  Report  of  the  Mich.  Acad.  Sci.  p.  116,  1898.     Bot.  Gaz.,  June 
1898,  pp.  453-58. 

1900.  Davis,  Charles  A.,  Botanical  Notes  on  Huron  County.  Michigan  Geological 
Survey  Reports,  VII.  pp.  235-245. 

1900.  Farwell,  O.  A.,  A  catalogue  of  the  Flora  of  Detroit  with  additions,  from  the 
Eleventh  Annual   Report  of  the  Commissioner  of  Parks   and   Boulevards, 
Detroit. 

1901.  Britton,  N.  L.,  Manual  of  the  Flora  of  the  Northern  States  and  Canada, 
pp.  1080.     Henry  Holt  &  Co.,  N.  Y. 

1901.  Livingston,   Burton   E.,   The  Distribution   of   the   Plant  Societies    of  Kent 
County.     Michigan  Geological  Survey,  Third  Annual  Report,  pp.  81-103. 

1902.  Clark,  H.  L.,  Notes  on  the  Flora  of  Eaton  County.     Third  Report  of  the 
Mich.  Acad.  Sci.  pp.  51-52. 

1903.  Livingston,  Burton  E.,  The  Relation  of  Soils  to  Natural  Vegetation  in  Ros- 
common    and    Crawford    Counties.     Mich.    Geol.   Survey,   Annual    Report. 

1903.  Daniels,  Francis  Potter,  Flora  of  the  Vicinity  of  Manistee,  Mich.  Fourth  Re- 
port of  the  Mich.  Acad.  Sci.  pp.  125-144. 

1903.  Daniels,  Francis  Potter,  Ecology  of  the  Flora  of  Sturgls  and  vicinity,  Mich. 
Fourth  Report  of  the  Mich.  Acad.  Sci.  pp.  145-159. 

HERBARIA   CONSULTED. 

The  following  Herbaria  have  been  examined: 

The  Herbarium  of  the  State  Agricultural  College  is  fortunate  in  pos- 
sessing the  collection  of  Dr.  D.  Cooley,  an  excellent  botanist  who  lived 
many  years  in  Washington,  Macomb  county.  He  was  a  valued  correspond- 
ent of  Dr.  Gray,  Dr.  Torrey,  W.  S.  Sullivant  and  other  botanists  of  the 
early  part  of  this  century. 

The  Herbarium  of  Dr.  D.  Clark,  of  Flint,  Mich.,  has  lately  become  the 
property  of  the  State  Agricultural  College.  This  collection  contains  sets 
of  Bebbs'  Willows,  Olney's  Carices  and  many  specimens  from  the  earlier 
American  collectors,  besides  valuable  collections  of  Michigan  plants. 

The  large  collection  of  Prof.  C.  F.  Wheeler,  which  was  destroyed  by  the 
burning  of  the  Botanical  Laboratory  on  the  23d  of  March,  1890. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  11 

Prof.  V.  M.  Spalding  kindly  permitted  us  to  examine  the  University 
Herbarium  at  Ann  Arbor,  in  which  are  deposited  the  collections  of  Dr. 
Douglass  Houghton,  1838 ;  Miss  Mary  H.  Clark,  Miss  E.  C.  Almendinger, 
Prof.  M.  W.  Harrington,  Prof.  N.  H.  Winchell,  Geo.  L.  Ames,  M.  D.,  F. 
E.  Wood  and  others. 

The  collection  of  plants  belonging  to  the  Kent  Scientific  Institute  it 
Grand  Rapids  under  the  charge  of  Mr.  George  D.  Sones. 

The  collection  of  O.  J.  Stilwell,  which  belongs  now  to  Prof.  C.  A.  Davis 
of  University  of  Michigan ;  also  Prof.  Davis'  collection. 

The  collection  of  G.  H.  Hicks,  of  the  Agricultural  College,  made  in 
Northern  and  Central  Michigan. 

The  collection  of  G.  F.  Comstock,  made  in  Lenawee  Counly.  1S15-'50, 
now  the  property  of  Dr.  W.  J.  Beal. 

The  collection  of  Dr.  W.  J.  Beal,  1860-1870,  now  the  property  of  the 
Michigan  Agricultural  College. 

LOCAL    LISTS    CONSULTED. 

To  the  following  persons  we  are  indebted  for  lists  of  the  plants  growing 
in  their  several  localities : 

Farwell,  O.  A.,  for  full  list  of  plants  of  the  Keweenaw  peninsula,  Ypsi- 
lanti  and  Detroit,  with  copious  notes  and  many  specimens. 

Beardslee,  Prof.  H.  C.,  of  the  University  School,  Cleveland,  O.,  and 
Kofoid,  Prof.  Chas.  A.,  Leland  Stanford  Jr.  University,  for  a  very  com- 
plete list  of  the  plants  of  Cheboygan  County,  Mich.,  observed  by  them 
during  the  smmer  of  1890,  with  full  notes  and  many  specimens. 

Dodge,  C.  K.,  for  a  collection  of  the  plants  growing  in  the  vicinity  of 
Port  Huron,  with  many  notes  on  variation  and  distribution. 

Dewey,  L.  H.,  for  a  list  of  the  plants  in  the  vicinity  of  Tecumseh,  Mich. 

Hull,  Prof.  W.,  for  notes  and  specimens  from  Albion  and  vicinity. 

Orth,  S.  P.,  for  list  of  plants  in  the  vicinity  of  Imlay  City. 

Mosely,  E.  H.,  for  a  list  of  plants  observed  near  Union  City. 

Foerste,  A.  F.,  for  a  list  of  plants  observed  in  the  eastern  part  of  St. 
Clair  county. 

Mitchell,  Prof.  I.  N.,  for  a  list  of  plants  collected  in  various  parts  of 
the  State. 

St.  John,  Prof.  C.  E.,  for  a  list  of  plants  collected  in  Mason  county 
and  in  .the  southeastern  portion  of  the  State. 

Stacey,  I.  W.,  for  a  list  of  plants  collected  at  Clarksville,  Ionia  county. 

Daniels,  F.  P.,  for  a  list  of  plants  collected  at  Manistee  and  Sturgis. 

Cooper,  W.  S.,  St.  Clair  county. 

Davis,  Charles  A.,  lists  of  plants  of  Gratiot  county  in  the  vicinity  of 
Alma,  and  about  Ann  Arbor. 

Bradford,  G.  M.,  Flora  of  Bay  county. 

Pepoon,  H.  S.,  catalogue  of  the  plants  of  Michigan  adjacent  to  Lakes 
Magician,  Dewey,  Cable  and  Crooked,  Van  Buren  and  Cass  counties.  ' 

TOPOGRAPHY. 

Michigan  is  peculiarly  situated  within  the  waters  of  the  great  lakes,  N. 
latitude  41°45'  to  48°20';  W.  longitude  82°25'  to  90°34'.  It  is  divided 
into  two  parts,  called  the  Upper  and  Lower  Peninsulas.  The  greatest 
length  of  the  northern  portion  from  east  to  west  is  318  miles,  width  30  to 


12  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

164  miles,  forming  about  two-fifths  of  the  State.  The  greatest  length  of 
the  southern  portion  from  north  to  south  is  277  miles  and  its  extreme 
width  is  259  miles.  The  total  area  is  58,915  square  miles,  with  a  coast 
of  over  1,600  miles. 

The  general  elevation  of  the  Upper  Peninsula  is  400  to  1,100  feet  above 
Lake  Superior,  and  that  of  the  Lower  Peninsula  is  400  to  600  feet  above 
the  level  of  Lakes  Michigan  and  Huron. 

The  two  parts  of  the  State  present  a  striking  contrast  in  many  respects. 
The  Upper  Peninsula  may  be  divided  into  two  sections  east  and  west  of  a 
line  drawn  through  Marquette  which  present  very  marked  surface  and 
geological  characteristics.  The  eastern  portion  slopes  northward  from  its 
southern  border  to  a  watershed  and  thence  falls  rapidly  to  the  shores  of 
Lake  Superior.  This  plateau  contains  many  lakes  and  marshes,  also  fine 
forests  of  pine  intermixed  with  groves  of  hardwood. 

The  western  part  is  rugged  and  hilly,  some  of  the  hills  rising  1,000  to 
1,200  feet.  In  the  extreme  northwest  are  ranges  which  form  the  copper 
region;  the  central  range  extends  from  Keweenaw  Point  across  to  the 
Wisconsin  line;  on  either  side  are  the  Porcupine  mountains  and  the 
copper  range  proper. 

South  and  east  of  the  copper  range  lies  the  iron  range  of  Marquette  and 
Iron  counties.  The  eastern  portion  of  this  peninsula  is  underlaid  writh 
stratified  rocks  belonging  to  the  Silurian  period,  while  the  western  part  is 
occupied  by  the  copper  bearing  rocks  and  those  of  the  Huronian  period. 
Glacial  drift  covers  deeply  a  large  portion  of  both  the  eastern  and  western 
sections. 

The  Lower  Peninsula  is  generally  level  or  rolling,  sloping  up  in  its 
northern  portion  to  a  central  ridge  or  watershed  which  extends  nearly 
northeast  and  southwest,  the  highest  part  .of  which,  in  Otsego  county,  is 
1,100  feet  above  the  lake  level. 

The  shores  along  the  west  side  of  this  peninsula  are  generally  bold 
bluffs  which  are  constantly  wearing  away,  while  on  the  Huron  shore  they 
are  low  and  extending  by  additions  of  earth  cast  up  by  the  waves. 

The  rivers  are  small  but  their  number  is  great,  and  these,  with  the  5,000 
lakes  scattered  along  the  watersheds  of  the  State  abundantly  water  all 
parts  of  it. 

Dr.  C.  Kominger,  a  former  State  Geologist,  writes  of  the  geology  of  the 
Lower  Peninsula  as  follows :  "It  forms  the  center-point  of  an  oceanic  bay 
which  seems  to  have  existed  without  any  important  alteration*  in  its 
limits,  from  the  beginning  of  the  Silurian  period  to  the  end  of  the  Carbon- 
iferous time.  We  find  within  the  space  supposed  to  have  been  the  bay  an 
uninterrupted  series  of  marine  deposits,  following  each  other  in  the  great- 
est regularity  of  superposition,  which  represent  all  the  known  formations 
deposited  on  this  continent  from  the  Silurian  period  on  to  the  coal  forma- 
tion." The  entire  surface  of  the  peninsula  is  covered  deeply  with  glacial 
drift,  consisting  of  sand,  gravels  and  clays  variously  intermixed. 

The  topographical  outlines  of  the  Lower  Peninsula  are  due  to  the  joint 
action  of  moving  ice  and  flowing  water  during  and  following  the  glacial 
period. 

Beginning  in  Presque  Isle  county  the  lateral  moraine  of  the  Huron 
glacier  passes  southwest  near  the  line  between  Montmorency  and  Alpena 
counties,  thence  south  by  west  through  Oscoda,  Koscommon  and  Clare, 
meeting  in  Mecosta  county,  the  east  lateral  moraine  of  Lake  Michigan. 
These  join  and  pass  in  a  southwest  direction  through  Kent,  Barry,  Kala- 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  13 

mazoo  and  St.  Joseph  counties.  The  Saginaw  bay  branch  of  the  Huron 
glacier  unites  with  the  Huron  glacier  proper,  and  forms  a  lateral  moraine 
beginning  in  Huron  county,  passing  through  Sanilac,  Lapeer,  Oakland, 
Livingston  and  portions  of  Jackson,  Washtenaw  and  Hillsdale  counties. 
This  peninsula  is  divided  by  these  moraines  into  certain  more  or  less 
clearly  marked  floral  regions. 

CLIMATE  AND  DISTRIBUTION. 

"The  sinuosities  of  the  several  isothermal  lines  will  demonstrate  at  a 
glance  the  peculiar  character  of  the  climate  of  Michigan,  and  the  fact  that 
both  in  summer  and  winter,  it  is  better  adapted  to  the  interests  of  agri- 
culture and  horticulture,  and  probably  also  to  the  comfort  and  health  of 
its  citizens,  than  the  climate  of  any  other  northwestern  state.  The  marked 
peculiarity  of  the  climate  of  Michigan  in  these  respects  is  attributable  to 
the  influence  of  the  great  lakes  by  which  the  state  is  nearly  surrounded. 
It  has  long  been  known  that  considerable  bodies  of  water  exert  a  local 
influence  in  modifying  climate  and  especially  in  averting  frosts,  but  it  has 
never  been  expected  that  Lake  Michigan,  for  instance,  impresses  upon  the 
climatic  character  of  a  broad  region  an  influence  truly  comparable  with 
that  exerted  by  the  great  ocean." — ALEXANDER  WINCHELL. 

The  following  general  notes  on  Climate  and  Distribution  are  from  the 
preface  to  the  first  edition  by  E.  F.  Smith : 

"The  influence  of  climate  on  vegetation  may  be  summed  up  in  a  few 
words.  The  climate  of  the  Lower  Peninsula  is  not  as  severe  as  that  of  the 
Upper,  nor  so  even,  but  is  subject  to  frequent,  sudden,  and  extreme 
changes  of  temperature — as  great  a  variation  during  the  winter  season 
as  53°  Fahr.  in  less  than  24  hours  having  been  recorded.  Such  rapid 
changes  more  or  less  affect  vegetation,  especially  the  tender  branches  of 
cultivated  trees,  which  are  sometimes  seriously  injured.  In  one  or  two 
instances  a  like  effect  on  our  forest  trees  has  been  noticed.  The  annual 
range  of  temperature  is  about  116°,  and  the  annual  mean  46°.  Of  rain- 
fall, including  what  falls  in  form  of  snow,  we  have,  yearly,  about  thirty 
inches.  Our  snowfall  is  much  less,  for  the  same  latitude,  than  that  of 
New  York  and  New  England.  In  the  center  of  the  peninsula,  wre  seldom 
have  more  than  a  few  inches  at  a  time. 

"The  proximity  of  the  Great  Lakes  exerts  a  marked  influence  in  equal- 
izing the  temperature  and  the  effects  are  marked  upon  our  flora. 

"Trees,  like  Liriodendron  Tulipifera,  Asimina  triloba,  Ccrcis  Cauaden- 
sis,  Gleditsia  tria'canthos,  Cornus  florida,  Nyssa  multiflora,  and  Morus 
rubra,  which  belong  to  Ohio  and  Central  Illinois,  have  crept  north  ward, 
favored  by  the  mild -influence  of  the  lake  winds,  through  the  central  and 
western-  part  of  the  Lower  Peninsula,  often  beyond  the  middle,  and  the 
same  is  true  of  smaller  and  less  noticeable  plants. 

"As  might  be  expected  from  the  uniform  surface  of  the  peninsula,  the 
flora  is  much  alike  throughout.  Probably  three-fourths  of  our  species  are 
common  to  all  sections,  though  by  no  means  equally  distributed;  some 
being  very  abundant  in  one  district  and  rare  in  another  at  no  great  dis- 
tance. In  most  cases  such  change  is  due  to  soil  rather  than  to  difference 
in  elevation,  temperature,  or  atmospheric  moisture. 

"The  Lower  Peninsula  is  covered  with  a  deep  drift  of  alternating  sands, 
clays,  and  gravels,  and  the  flora  of  any  section  depends  chiefly  on  which 
of  these  happens  to  lie  uppermost.  With  reference  to  its  flora,  the  pen  in- 


14  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

sula  may  roughly  be  divided  into  two  great  divisions — the  hardwood  and 
the  softwood  lands;  one  representing  the  Appalachian  flora,  and  the  other, 
the  Canadian. 

"The  hardwood  country  lies  south  of  latitude  43  °,  and  consists  of  very 
fertile  sand,  clay,  or  loam,  mostly  cleared  of  the  original  forest,  and 
largely  cultivated. 

"The  sandy  or  stony  drift  of  many  river  valleys  in  this  section  supports 
a  heavy  growth  of  oak,  frequently  interspersed  with  walnut  and  hickory, 
while  the  margins  of  the  streams,  and  the  neighboring  swamps,  abound  in 
sioft  maples,  swamp  and  chestnut  oak,  white  and  black  ash,  elm,  hack- 
berry,  sycamore,  butternut,  and  similar  trees.  Willows,  dogwoods,  vibur- 
nums, and  buttonbush,  are  common  shrubs  in  the  swamps;  and  hazel, 
hawthorn,  wild  cherry  and  plum,  June  berry,  witch-hazel,  etc.,  are  abund- 
ant on  the  dryer  ground. 

"On  the  uplands,  and  away  from  streams,  clay,  loam,  and  a  peculiar 
black  muck  soil  supersede  the  sands  and  gravels  of  the  valleys.  The  pre- 
vailing timber  here  is  beech  and  maple  and  oak  forest  in  about  equal  pro- 
portions. Beech  and  maple  generally  grow  together,  forming  magnificent 
forests  of  great  extent.  The  best  wheat  farms  are  usually  found  on 
uplands  near  streams,  where  the  oak  timber  gradually  shades  into  beech 
and  maple.  Plains  of  fertile  sand  covered  with  a  low,  or  scattering 
growth  of  oak  (oak  openings)  are  frequent,  and  always  very  desirable  for 
farming  purposes. 

"Marshes  densely  covered  with  tamarack  are  common  in  this  part  of 
the  State,  and  nourish  in  their  thick  shade  such  plants  as  Drosera 
rotundifolia,  Sarracenia  purpurea,  Rhus  venenata,  Ribcs  rubnun,  Ohio- 
genes  liispidula,  Salix  Candida,  Smilacina  trifolia,  Pogonia  ophiogtos- 
soides  and  Calopogon  pulchellus.  Arbor-vitae,  red  cedar  and  black  spruce 
are  comparatively  rare. 

"A  similar  tract  of  soil  and  timber  occurs  in  the  upper  end  of  the  pen- 
insula, north  of  a  line  drawn  from  Thunder  bay  west  to  the  head  of  Grand 
Traverse  bay.  This  is  commonly  known  as  the  "Traverse  region,"  and 
has  a  flora  much  like  that  we  have  just  described,  with  the  exception  that 
some  of  the  southern  species  disappear,  and  northern  ones  begin  to  take 
their  place,  or  if  found  growing  further  south,  here  first  become  frequent. 
Deep  forests  of  hemlock  and -yellow  birch  (B.  lutca)  mixed  with  a  fine, 
tall  growth  of  striped  maple  (A.  Pennsylvamcum)  are  frequent,  having 
underneath  a  tangled  growth  of  Taxus  baccata,  var.  Canadensis,  and  under 
all  a  carpet  of  Lycopodium  annotinum.  Alternating  with  these  are  sandy 
plains  covered  with  a  dense  growth  of  Vacciniums,  yielding  a  great  abun- 
dance of  fruit.  Sugar  maples  and  basswood  are  also  abundant  in  this 
region,  and  reach  an  immense  size.  In  fact,  it  would  be  difficult  to  find 
finer  groves  of  maple  in  any  part  of  the  State. 

"The  pine  country  proper  lies  between  the  two  tracts  we  have  described, 
and  embraces  about  15,000  square  miles.  It  is  composed  largely  of  sand 
hills  and  plains,  either  scantily  furnished  with  vegetation,  or  densely  cov- 
ered with  pine  forest.  Argillaceous  tracts  wooded  with  beech  and  maple 
also  occur,  like  oases  in  a  desert ;  and  swamps  abound,  with  the  usual  low- 
land timber.  Forests  of  hemlock  spruce  are  frequent,  and  there  are  occa- 
sional ridges  of  oak.  Birch  (B.  lutca}  also  begins  to  be  a  common  forest 
tree,  and  attains  a  large  size.  The  usual  timber  of  the  barrens  is  Jjick 
Pine  (P.  Banksiana).  Climatic  and  other  influences  have  combined  to 
produce  groves  composed  entirely  of  this  species  of  large  size  and  of  great 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  15 

beauty,  for,  instead  of  being  'a  straggling  shrub,  or  low  tree'  (Gray)?  it 
rises,  often  50-60  feet,  straight  and  symmetrical.  All  through  this  region 
Pinus  Strobus  is  the  prevailing  species  and  furnishes  most  of  the  lumber, 
but  P.  resinosa  is  frequent  as  far  south  as  Clare  county,  and  occurs  sp.ir- 
ingly  in  the  northern  part  of  Isabella  county,  which  appears  to  be  its 
southern  limit. 

"Such  is  the  general  character  of  the  sylva  down  to  about  latitude  415°. 
but  in  the  western  part  of  the  State,  owing  perhaps  to  moister  climate,  or 
to  favorable  soil,  hemlock  spruce  is  more  abundant,  and  reaches  much 
farther  south,  nearly  or  quite  to  the  Indiana  line,  and  the  same  is  true  of 
white  pine. 

"The  flora  of  the  deep  pine  woods  is  interesting,  though  rather  monot- 
onous. Very  little  undergrowth  is  found,  and  their  gloomy  recesses 
nourish  only  such  plants  as  love  thick  shade.  Here  the  club-mosses 
(Lycopodiums)  find  a  congenial  home,  and  flourish  luxuriantly,  while 
Clintonia  borealis  covers  the  ground.  The  great  round-leaved  orchid 
(Habenaria  orbiculata) ,  with  its  tall,  greenish  spike  and  twin  leaves  close 
to  the  earth,  is  also  frequent  and  striking.  We  shall  also  meet  MitchcUa 
repenSj  Maianthemum  Canadense,  Trillium  grandiflorum,  perhaps,  and  a 
few  ferns,  particularly  Asplenium  Filix-fcemina  and  Phegopteris  Dryop- 
teris.  Other  species  occur,  of  course,  but  not  so  abundantly.  In  more 
open  places,  and  on  ridges,  we  meet  Rhus  aromatica  and  Comptonia  along 
with  wintergreen  (Gaultheria)  and  trailing  arbutus  (Epigcva),  and  are 
often  fortunate  enough  to  find  the  wax- white,  fragrant  flower  of  Monescs 
uniflora,  or  Polygala  paucifolia,  hiding  its  shining  leaves  under  a  wealth 
of  showy  pink  blossoms. 

"The  floral  treasures  of  the  pine  region  lie,  however,  in  its  swamps  and 
lake  borders  rather  than  in  the  deep  woods.  Therein  grows  Linncea 
borealis  in  all  its  delicate  beauty,  carpeting  the  ground,  and  close  at  hand, 
the  odd,  brown-purple  flower  of  Cypripedium  acaule  and  the  small  yellow 
blossom  of  its  water-loving  relative  C.  parviflorum.  In  such  swamps,  or 
within  a  stone's  throw  of  them,  may  be  found  many  other  plants  of  equal 
interest,  such  as  Medeola  Virginica,  Ledum  latifolium ,  Andromeda  Poll- 
folia  f  Kalmia  glauca,  Lonicera  oblongifolia,  Cardamine  pratensis,  Ger- 
ardia  aspera,  Mitella  nuda,  Eriophorum  vaginatum,  etc.  On  lake  mar- 
gins we  shall  find  Lysimachia  and  ttie  blue  Pontederia  and  more  rarely, 
Nesoea  and  Eleoclwris  quadrangulata.  The  lake  itself,  most  likely,  will 
be  full  of  Nymphaea,  Nuphar,  Utricularias,  and  a  world  of  Potamoge- 
tons  and  similar  water  weeds.  Shrubby  Vacciniums  line  the  bluffs,  and 
here  and  there  gleam  the  white  trunks  of  paper  birches  against  the  dark 
background  of  pines. 

"In  the  thick-pine  country,  where  the  lumberman's  ax  has  let  in  the 
sunlight,  new  plants  spring  up  freely.  Here,  Primus  Pennsylvania  and 
poplars  are  frequent,  and  the  blackberry  is  omnipresent.  Aralia  hispida 
and  Physalis  lanceolata  are  also  peculiar  to  such  land,  and  in  August 
Gnaphalium  decurrens  may  be  seen  whitening  thousands  of  acres. 

"One  seldom  beholds  a  drearier  sight  than  a  dead  and  deserted 
lumber  region.  The  valuable  trees  were  all  felled  years  ago,  and  the  lum- 
berman moved  on  to  fresh  spoils,  leaving  behind  an  inextricably  confused 
mass  of  tree  tops,  broken  logs,  and  uprooted  trunks.  Blackberry  canes 
spring  up  everywhere,  forming  a  tangled  thicket,  and  a  few  scattering 
poplars,  birches,  and  cherries  serve  for  arboreal  life,  above  which  tower 
the  dead  pines,  bleached  in  the  weather  and  blackened  by  fire,  destitute  of 


16  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

limbs,  and  looking  at  a  distance  not  unlike  the  masts  of  some  great  harbor. 
Thousands  of  such  acres,  repellant  alike  to  botanist  and  settler,  can  be 
seen  in  any  of  our  northern  counties. 

"In  certain  districts  considerable  beech  is  found  associated  with  the 
pine.  The  soil  of  such  tracts  is  usually  of  better  quality,  and  can  be 
rendered  productive  without  much  labor.  It  may  be  noted  that  in  such 
cases  the  pine  also  grows  thriftier  and  makes  better  lumber." 

FLORA   OF  THE   JACK-PINE  PLAINS. 

The  plants  of  this  region  are  all  found  in  one  or  more  of  the  regions 
previously  enumerated. 

The  soil  of  these  plains  is  mainly  sand  of  considerable  depth  which  dries 
out  quickly  after  a  rain,  and  is  then  especially  liable  to  be  burned  over, 
the  burning  often  destroying  every  living  plant  above  the  surface  of  the 
soil.  In  this  way,  by  repeated  burning,  much  of  the  vegetable  matter  is 
removed,  leaving  the  surface  soil  thin. 

The  following  seventy  species  of  plants  are  almost  certain  to  be  found 
in  considerable  quantity  on  any  extended  area  of  Jack-pine  plains : 

a.  THOSE  MOST  COMMON. 

Amelanchier  Botryapium   (L.  f.)   DC.     Shad-bush. 

(Amelanchier  Canadensis  var.  oblongifolia  T.  &  G.) 

Andropogon  furcatus  Muhl.     Finger,  or  Beard-grass. 

Andropogon  scoparitis  Michx.    Beard-grass. 

Arctostaphylos  Uva-Ursi  (L.)   Spreng.     Bearberry. 

Aster  lasvis  L.     Smooth  Aster. 

Carex  Pennsylvanica  Lam.     Pennsylvania  Sedge. 

Comptonia  peregrina  (L.)     Coulter. 

(Myrica  asplenifolia  L.) 

Danthonia  spicata  (L.)  Beauv.     Wild  Oat-grass. 

Epigaea  repens  L.     Trailing  Arbutus. 

Gaultheria  procumbens  L.     Wintergreen. 

Leptilon  Canadense  (L.)  Britton.     Horse-weed. 

(Erigeron  Canadensis  L.) 

Oryzopsis  juncea  (Michx.)  B.  S.  P.     Mountain  Rice. 

(Oryzopsis  Canadensis  Torr.) 

Pinus  divaricata  (Ait.)  Gord.    Gray  Pine.    Jack  Pine. 

(Pinus  Banksiana  Lambert.) 

Populus  tremuloides  Michx.     Aspen. 

Prunus  Pennsylvanica  L.  f.     Wild  Red,  or  Pin  Cherry. 

Prunus  pumila  L.     Sand  Cherry. 

Prunus  Virginiana  L.     Choke-Cherry. 

Pteridium  aquilinum  (L.)   Kuntze.     Eagle  Fern. 

(Pteris  aquilina  L.) 

Quercus  coccinea  Wang.    Scarlet  Oak. 

Quercus  velutina  Lam.  Black  Oak. 

(Quercus  tinctoria  Bartram.) 

Rumex  Acetosella  L.    Sheep  Sorrel. 

Salix  humilis  Marsh.     Low  willow. 

Solidago  nemoralis  Ait.     Golden  Rod. 

Vaccinium  Canadense  Richards.     Low  Blueberry.  .    » 

Vaccinium   Pennsylvanicum   Lam.     Dwarf  Blueberry. 

Vaccinium  vacillans  Kalm.     Low  Blueberry. 

b.  THOSE  LESS  FREQUENT. 

Adopogon  Virginicum  (L.)  Kuntze.     Dwarf  Dandelion.     Virginia  Goatsbeard. 
(Krigia  amplexicaulis  Nutt.) 
Agrostis  hyemalis  (Walt.)  B.  S.  P. 
(Agrostis  scabra  Willd.)     Hair-Grass.    • 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  17 

Antennaria  plantaginifolia   (L.)   Richards.     Plaintain-leaved  Everlasting. 

Apocynum  androsaemifolium  L.     Dogbane. 

Aralia  hispida  Vent.     Bristly  Sarsaparilla. 

Campanula  rotundifolia  L.     Bluebell.     Harebell. 

Carduus  odoratus  (Muhl.)   Porter. 

(Cnicus  pumilus  Torr.)     • 

Ceanothus  Americanus  L.     New  Jersey  Tea. 

Comandra  umbellata  (L.)  Nutt.     Bastard  Toad-flax. 

Convolvulus  spithamaeus  L.     Low  Bindweed. 

Diervilla  Diervilla  (L.)  MacM.     Bush  Honeysuckle. 

(Diervilla  trifida  Moench. 

Erigeron  ramosus  (Walt.)  B.  S.  P.     Daisy  Pleabane. 

(Erigeron  strigosus  Muhl.) 

Festuca  ovina  L.     Sheep's  Fescue. 

Fragaria  Virginiana  Duchesne.     Strawberry. 

(Fragaria  Virginiana  Illinoensis  A.  Gray.) 

Gaylussacia  resinosa  (Ait.)  T.  &  G.     Black  Huckleberry. 

Gnaphalium  decurrens  Ives.     Everlasting. 

Helianthemum  Canadense  (L.)  Michx.     Frost-wort. 

Helianthus  divaricatus  L.     Wild  Sunflower. 

Helianthus  occidentalis  Riddell.     Wild  Sunflower. 

Hieracium  venosum  L.      Rattlesnake-weed. 

Houstonia  longifolia  Gaertn.     Houstonia. 

(Houstonia  purpurea  longifolia  A.  Gray.) 

Koeleria  cristata  (L.)  Pers.     Koeleria. 

Lacinaria  cylindracea  (Michx.)   Kuntze.     Blazing  Star. 

(Liatris  cylindracea  Michx.) 

Lithospermum  Gmelini    (Michx.)    A.  S.   Hitchcock.     Hairy  Puccoon. 

(Lithospermum  hirtum  Lehm.) 

Lycopodium  complanatum  L.     Ground-pine. 

Melampyrum  lineare  Lam.     Cow-wheat. 

(Melampyrum  Americanum  Michx.) 

Monarda  fistulosa  L.     Wild  Bergamot. 

Onagra  biennis  (L.)  Scop.     Evening  primrose. 

((Enothera  biennis  L.) 

Panicum  depauperatum  Muhl.     Panic-Grass. 

Panicum  dichotomum  L.     Panic-Grass. 

Pinus  resinosa  Ait.     Norway  or  Red  Pine. 

Pinus   Strobus  L.     White  Pine. 

Polygala  polygama  Walt.     Pink  polygala. 

Populus  grandidentata  Michx.     Large-toothed  Aspen. 

Potentilla  Canadensis  L.     Five-finger.     Cinque-foil. 

Quercus  alba  L.     White  Oak. 

Rubus  Canadensis  L.     Dewberry. 

Rubus  hispidus  L.     Dewberry. 

Rudbeckia  hirta  L.     Cone-flower. 

Sibbaldiopsis  tridentatata   (Soland.)    Rydb.     Three-toothed  Cinque-foil. 

(Potentilla  tridentata  Ait.) 

Solidago  juncea  Ait.     Golden  Rod. 

Unifolium  Canadense  (Desf.)    Greene. 

(Maianthemum  Canadense  Desf.) 

Viola  arenaria  DC.     Sand  Violet. 

(Viola  canina  puberula  S.  Wats.) 

Viola  pedata  L.    Bird-foot  Violet. 

The  above  list  consists  of  representatives  of  thirty  families,  of  fifty- 
four  genera,  and  of  seventy  species.  The  families  of  plants  best  repre- 
sented on  the  plains  are  the  Rosacece  by  six  species,  Compositce  by  thirteen 
species,  Graminece  by  nine  species,  Vacciniacece  by  four. 

The  following  large  and  prominent  families  of  the  State  are  not  repre- 
sented in  the  list  given  above :  Ranunculacece,  Cruciferce,  Caryophyllacew, 
Umbelliferce,  Orchidacece. 


18  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

Most  remarkable  of  all  is  the  absence  of  any  Papilionacece  though  the 
family  is  second  in  size  only  to  the  Composite.  The  Papilionacece  is 
represented  in  the  State  by  43  native  species  and  varieties. 

The  number  of  biennials  given  in  this  list  is  remarkably  small,  only  two, 
and  there  are  no  annuals  in  it.  Sixty-eight  out  of  seventy  are  perennials 
and  most  persistent  plants  well  adapted  by  long,  deep  roots  and  root- 
stocks  to  live  in  poor  soil  which  is  subject  to  severe  droughts.  Most  of 
them  are  admirably  adapted  to  survival  after  a  severe  fire  has  burned  over 
the  ground  and  killed  the  tops  of  the  plants. 

PLANTS   INDICATING   A   FERTILE    SOIL. 

Acer  Saccharum  Marsh.    Sugar  Maple,  when  the  wood  is  solid  and  of  fine  quality. 

(Acer  saccharinum  Wang.) 

Acer  nigrum  Michx.     Black  sugar  maple. 

(Acer  saccharinum  nigrum  Torr.  &  Gray.) 

Adiantum  pedatum  L.  Maidenhair  Fern. 

Angelica  villosa  (Walt.)  B.  S.  P.  Angelica. 

(Angelica  Mrsuta  Muhl.) 

Apios  Apios  (L.)  Mac  M.     Ground-nut. 

(Apios  tuberosa  Moench.) 

Arisaema  triphyllum  (L.)  Torr.     Indian  Turnip. 

Asplenium  angustifolium  Michx.     Spleenwort. 

Asplenium  acrostichoides  Sw.     Spleenwort. 

(Asplenium  thelypteroides  Michx.) 

Cassia  Marylandica  L.     Wild  Senna. 

Collinsonia  Canadensis  L.     Rich-weed.     Stone-root. 

Crataegus  tomentosa  L.    Hawthorn. 

Dentaria  diphylla  Michx.     Toothwort.     Pepper-root. 

Dentaria  laciniata  Muhl.     Toothwort.     Pepper-root. 

Bicuculla  Canadensis   (Goldie)   Millsp.     Squirrel  Corn. 

(Dicentra  Canadensis  DC.) 

Bicuculla  Cucullara  (L.)  Millsp.     Dutchman's  Breeches. 

(Dicentra  Cucullaria  DC.) 

Fraxinus  Americana  L.     White  Ash. 

Fraxinus  quadrangulata  Michx.     Blue  Ash. 

Hydrastis  Canadensis  L.     Golden  Seal. 

Hydrophyllum  Canadense  L.     Waterleaf. 

Hydrophyllum  Virginicum  L.     Waterleaf. 

Juglans  cinerea  L.     Butternut. 

Juglans  nigra  L.    Black  Walnut. 

Menispermum  Canadense  L.     Moonseed. 

Orchis  spectabilis  L.     Showy  Orchis. 

Podophyllum  peltatum  L.     May-Apple.     Mandrake. 

Quercus  alba  L.     White  Oak.     When  well  grown. 

Quercus  macrocarpa  Michx.     Bur-Oak. 

Ribes  Cynosbati  L.     Prickly  Gooseberry. 

Rubus  occidentalis  L.     Black  Raspberry. 

Scrophularia  Marylandica  L.     Figwort. 

(Scrophularia  nodosa  Marylandica  A.  Gray.) 

Taraxacum  Taraxacum  (L.)   Karst.     Dandelion. 

(Taraxacum  officinale  Weber.) 

Tilia  Americana  L.     Basswood. 

(Jlmus  Americana  L.     American  Elm. 

Ulmus  racemosa  Thomas.     Rock  Elm. 

Uvularia  grandiflora  J.  E.  Smith.     Bellwort. 

Verbena  hastata  L.     Blue  Vervain. 

When  well  grown  and  of  good  size,  several  other  trees  are  indications  of 
good  soil. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  19 

PLANTS  PECULIAR  TO  THE  PRAIRIES. 

The  following  plants  are  peculiar  to  the  prairie  region  of  the  south- 
western portion  of  the  State : 

Amorpha  canescens  Pursh.     Lead-Plant. 
Asclepias  verticillata  L.     Milkweed. 
Aster  sericeus  Vent.     Aster. 
Atheropogon  curtipendulus  (Michx.)  Fourn. 
(Bouteloua  curtipendula  (Michx.)  Torr.) 
Baptisia  leucantha  Torr.  &  Gray.     False  Indigo. 
Brauneria  purpurea    (L.)    Britton.     Cone-Flower. 
(Echinacea  purpurea  Moench.) 
Coreopsis  palmata  Nutt. 
Helianthus  scaberrimus  Ell.     Sunflower. 
(Helianthus  rigidus  Desf.) 
Phlox  bifida  Beck.     Phlox. 
Silphium  integrifolium  Michx.     Rosin-weed. 
Silphium  laciniatum  L.     Compass-plant. 
Silphium  perfoliatum  L.     Cup-plant. 

OVERLAPPING    OF    NORTHERN    AND    SOUTHERN    SPECIES    IN    THE    GRAND    RIVER 

VALLEY. 

NORTHERN  SPECIES. 

Carex  Magellanica  Lam.    Sedge. 

Carex  pauciflora  Lightf.     Sedge. 

Carex  tenuiflora  Wahl.     Sedge. 

Dracocephalum  parviflorum  Nutt.     Dragon-head. 

Eriophorum  vaginatum  L.     Cotton-grass. 

Lonicera  oblongifolia   (Goldie)   Hook.     Swamp  Fly-Honeysuckle. 

Mimulus  Jamesii  T.  &  G.    Monkey-flower. 

Primula  Mistassinica  Michx.     Primrose.. 

Symphoricarpos  pauciflorus   (Robbins)   Britton.     Snowberry. 

(Symphoricarpos  racemosus  pauciflorus  Robbins.) 

Taxus  Canadensis  Willd.     American  Yew.     Ground  Hemlock. 

SOUTHERN  SPECIES. 

Asimina  triloba  (L.)  Dunal.     Papaw. 

Bidens  trichosperma  tenuiloba   (A.  Gray)   Britton.     Tick-seed.     Sunflower. 

(Coreopsis  trichosperma  var.  tenuiloba  A.  Gray.) 

Cassia  Marylandica  L.    Wild  Senna. 

Cercis  Canadensis  L.    Red-bud.     Judas-tree. 

Chaerophyllum    procumbens    (L.)     Crantz. 

Collinsia  verna  Nutt.     Blue-eyed  Mary. 

Eleocharis  interstincta   (Vahl.)   R.  &  S.     Spike-rush. 

(Eleocharis  equisetoides  Torr.) 

Eleocharis  mutata  (L.)  R.  &  S.     Spike-rush. 

(Eleocharis  quadrangulata  R.  &  S.) 

Eleocharis  olivacea  Torr.     Spike-rush. 

^Eleocharis  Robbinsii  Oakes.     Spike-rush. 

Eleocharis  rostellata  Torr.     Spike-rush. 

Erigenia  bulbosa  (Michx.)  Nutt.     Harbinger  of  Spring. 

Oymnocladus  dioica  (L.)  Koch.    Ky.  Coffee-tree. 

(Gymnocladus  Ganadensis  Lam.) 

Hicoria  laciniosa  (Michx.  f.)  Sarg.     King-nut. 

(Gary a  sulcata  Nutt.) 

Hemicarpha  micrantha  (Vahl.)  Britton. 

(Hemicarpha  subsquarrosa  Nees.) 

Liriodendron  Tulipifera  L.     White-wood.     Tulip-tree. 

Meibomia  Marylandica  (L.)  Kuntze.     Tick-Trefoil. 

(Desmodium  Marilandicum  Boot.) 

Moms  rubra  L.     Red  Mulberry. 


20  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

Silphium  terebinthinaceum  Jacq.     Prairie  Dock. 
Tradescantia  Virginica  L.     Common  Spiderwort. 
Utricularia  resupinata  B.  D.  Greene.     Bladderwort. 

COMPARISON  OF  THE  FLORA  OF  THE  EASTERN  AND  THE  WESTERN  SIDES  OF  THE 
STATE  IN  THE  LATITUDE  OF  44°40'. 

On  the  east  side,  the  latitude  in  question  is  near  Harrisville  in  Alcona 
county.  On  the  west  side  it  is  near  Frankfort  in  Benzie  county. 

It  has  long  been  known  that  the  climate -of  the  west  shore  where  the 
wind  sweeps  across  Lake  Michigan  was  milder  in  winter,  and  throughout 
the  year  less  variable  than  it  is  on  the  east  side  of  the  State.  So  far  as 
observed,  the  plants  of  the  State  which  are  only  found  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  great  lakes  are  more  abundant  in  individuals  on  the  west  shore. 

A.  NORTHERN  PLANTS  FOUND  ON  THE  EAST  SIDE  OF  THE  STATE  AND  NOT  ON  THE  WEST. 

Botrychium  Lunaria  (L.)  Swartz.     Moonwort. 

Botrychium  simplex  Hitchcock.     Moonwort. 

Carex  capillaris  L.     Sedge. 

Carex  durifolia  Bailey.     Back's  Sedge. 

(Carex  Backii  Boott.) 

Carex  Houghtonii  Torr.     Sedge. 

Dracocephalum  parviflorum  Nutt.     Dragon-head. 

Kalmia  angustifolia  L.     Sheep  Laurel.     Lambkill. 

Kalmia  glauca  Ait.     Swamp  Laurel.     Pale  Laurel. 

Picea  Canadensis  (Mill)   B.  S.  P.     White  Spruce. 

(Picea  alia  Link.) 

Ribes  lacustre  (Pers.)   Poir.     Swamp  Gooseberry. 

Sparganium  simplex  Huds. 

B.  SOUTHERN  PLANTS  FOUND  ON  THE  WEST  SIDE  OF  THE  STATE  AND  NOT  ON  THE  EAST. 

Adiantum  pedatum  L.     Maiden  Hair  Fernv 
Acer  saccharinum  L.     Silver  Maple. 
(Acer  dasycarpum  Ehrh.) 
Rubus  occidentalis  L.    Black  Raspberry. 
Sambucus  Canadensis  L.     Common  Elder. 
Sassafras  Sassafras  (L.)  Karst. 
(Sassafras  officinale  Nees.) 
Ulmus  fulva  Michx.     Red  Elm. 
Ulmus  racemosa  Thomas.     Rock  Elm. 

This  list  is  doubtless  incomplete,  but  so  far  as  it  goes  it  sustains  the  pre- 
vailing notion  that  the  west  side  of  the  State  has  the  milder  climate.  We 
might  be  able  to  see  why  silver  maple,  sassafras,  black  raspberry,  red  elm 
and  rock  elm  thrive  on  the  west  shore  and  not  on  the  east,  but  we  are 
unable  to  see  why  the  northern  plants  found  on  the  east  shore  should  not 
be  found  on  the  west  shore.  Perhaps  there  is  some  other  reason  than  the 
difference  of  climate  of  the  present  day. 

PLANTS  SUPPOSED  TO   HAVE   IMMIGRATED  FROM   THE   NORTHEAST. 

Calypso  bulbosa  (L.)  Oakes. 

(Calypso  borealis  Salisb.) 

Clintonia  borealis   (Ait.)   Raf. 

Equisetum  littorale  Kuehl. 

Eriocaulon  septangulare  Withering.     Pipewort. 

Gyrostachys  stricta  Rydb.    Hooded  Ladies'  Tresses. 

(Gyrostachys  Romanzffiana  (Cham.)  MacM.) 

Selaginella  selaginoides  (L.)   Link. 

(Selaginella  spinosa  Beauv.) 


SEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  21 

Trillium  erectum  L.     Wake  Robin. 

Trillium  undulatum  Willd.     Painted  Wake-Robin. 

(Trillium  erythrocarpum  Michx.) 

PLANTS   SUPPOSED  TO   HAVE   IMMIGRATED   FROM   THE   NORTH   AND   WEST. 

Adenocaulon  bicolor  Hook. 
Anemone  parviflora  Michx.     Anemone. 
Artemisia  gnaphalodes  Nutt.     Mugwort. 
(Artemisia  Ludoviciana  gnaphalodes  T.  &  G.) 
Brauneria  pallida   (Nutt.)    Britton.     Purple  Cone-flower. 
[Echinacea  angustifolia  DC.) 

Bromus  breviaristatus   (Hook.)   Buckl.     Brome  Grass. 
Castilleja  acuminata  (Pursh)   Spreng.     Painted-cup. 
(Castilleja  pallida  septentrionalis  A.  Gray.) 
Drosera  linearis  Goldie.     Sundew. 
Euphorbia  serpyllifolia  Pers.     Spurge. 
Iva  xanthiifolia  (Fresen.)  Nutt.     Marsh  Elder. 
Lonicera  involucrata  (Richards)  Banks.     Honeysuckle. 
Mertensia  paniculata   (Ait.)   G.  Don.     Lungwort. 
Mimulus  Jamesii  T.  &  G.    Monkey-flnower. 
Mimulus  moschatus  Dougl.     Musk-flower. 
Panicularia  pallida  (Torr.)   Kuntze. 
(Glyceria  pallida  Trin.) 
Roripa  obtusa  (Nutt.)    Britton.- 
(Nasturtium  o'btusum  Nutt.) 
Parnassia  palustris  L.     Grass  of  Parnassus. 
Parnassia  parviflora  DC.     Grass  of  Parnassus. 
Phacelia  Franklinii  (R.  Br.)  Gray. 

Polygonum  lapathffolium  incanum  (Schmidt)  Koch.     Knotweed. 
.  Potentilla  Robbinsiana  Oakes. 
(Potentilla  frigida  A.  Gray.) 

Ranunculus  reptans  intermedius   (Hook.)   T.  &  G.  Creeping  Spearwort. 
(Ranunculus  Flammula  intermedius  Hook.) 
Rosa  Engelmanni  Watson.     Rose. 
Rosa  Sayi  Schwein.     Rose. 
Runiex  salicifolius  Weinm.     White  Dock. 

Sorbus  sambucifolia  (C.  &  S.)   Roem.     Western.  Mountain  Ash. 
(Pyrus  sambucifolia  Cham.  &  Schlecht.) 
Symphoricarpos   occidentalis  Hook.    Wolfberry. 

TREES  OF   MICHIGAN   COMPARED    WITH   THOSE  OF  EUROPE. 

Michigan  is  very  rich  in  trees.  If  we  have  counted  correctly  there  are 
90  species  of  indigenous  trees  and  three  exotics  which  have  escaped  from 
cultivation. 

To  comprehend  the  relative  importance  of  our  trees,  let  us  glance  at 
the  forests  of  Great  Britain.  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  contain  121,260 
square  miles  of  land,  Michigan  60,000,  a  little  less  than  one-half  as  much 
as  Great  Britain.  She  has  one  species  of  basswood  not  so  good  as  ours ; 
one  maple  not  over  twenty  feet  high ;  one  cherry  from  ten  to  twenty  feet 
high;  one  small  ash,  two  elms,  two  poplars,  one  beech,  which  grows  very 
large  but  not  very  high;  one  small  white  birch,  one  species  of  pine,  by 
no  means  a  match  for  our  white  pine;  a  species  of  oak  which  sometimes 
grows  to  a  great  size. 

Great  Britain  has  about  ten  species  of  trees  native  to  her  soil.  Michigan, 
with  half  the  territory,  has  eighty-five  species.  Great  Britain  has  no 
whitewood^  no  white  or  red  cedar,  no  walnuts  or  hickories.  Michigan  has 
six  species  of  maple  pf  tree  size,  a  basswood,  a  whitewood,  honey  locust, 
Kentucky  coffee  tree,  three  cherries,  a  pepperidge,  five  species  of  ash,  a 


MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

sassafras,  three  elms,  a  hackberry,  a  mulberry,  a  buttonwood,  black  wal- 
nut, butternut,  eight  hickories,  thirteen  oaks,  a  chestnut,  a  beech,  four  tree 
birches,  three  willows  of  tree  size,  five  poplars,  three  pines,  three  spruces, 
one  hemlock,  a  balsam  fir,  one  larch,  one  arbor-vitae  and  a  red  cedar. 
In  all  Europe  there  are  only  85  species  of  trees. 

WHY  HAS   MICHIGAN   SO   MANY  TREES  AND  GREAT  BRITAIN  SO  FEW. 

This  question  now  very  naturally  arises :  Why  has  the  Atlantic  region, 
including  Michigan,  so  many  species  of  trees  and  why  has  Europe  so  few? 
Certainly  we  cannot  attribute  this  difference  to  a  defective  soil  and 
climate  of  Europe,  as  they  now  exist,  for  Europe  can  grow  all  sorts  of 
trees  now  found  in  the  temperate  zone,  while  "Great  Britain  alone  can 
grow  double  or  treble  the  number  of  trees  that  the  Atlantic  States  can." 

The  former  geological  conditions  of  their  continents  help  to  explain  all 
this  difference  in  the  distribution  of  trees  to  the  entire  satisfaction  of 
scientists. 

Away  back  in  the  Tertiary  Period  the  trees  of  the  regions  now  possess- 
ing an  arctic  climate  were  such  as  now  thrive  in  a  warm  temperate  zone 
like  that  of  Georgia  and  California.  This  is  well  illustrated  by  the 
abundant  fossil  remains  of  trees.  Following  this,  came  a  long  time  when 
extreme  cold  prevailed,  known  as  the  Glacial  Epoch,  when  snow  and  ice 
for  most  or  all  of  the  year  extended  to  the  Ohio  river.  At  the  approach  of 
cold,  the  trees  slowly  retreated  southward,  as  generation  followed  genera- 
tion. The  plants  such  as  now  thrive  in  southern  Michigan,  perhaps  then 
extended  to  what  now  forms  the  State  of  Alabama,  while  the  arctic  plants 
reached  Ohio. 

As  the  climate  again  gradually  grew  warmer,  the  trees  and  other  plants 
slowly  migrated  northward.  Some  arctic  plants  were  stranded  on  the 
White  mountains  and  in  Labrador,  where  they  still  remain;  others  went 
farther  north. 

Plants  of  the  cool  temperate  zone  reached  Michigan.  In  a  similar  man- 
ner, during  the  Glacial  Epoch  the  plants  of  Europe  were  driven  south- 
ward. The  Alps,  the  Pyrenees,  the  Appenines,  the  Caucasus,  still  contain 
some  of  these  arctic  plants  which  retreated  there  at  the  close  of  the 
Glacial  Epoch.  Most  of  the  plants  of  the  warm  temperate  region  had 
perished  and  therefore  were  unable  to  retreat  when  the  continent  became 
warmer. 

I  quote  the  words  of  Dr.  A.  Gray,  from  whom  other  hints  are  taken,  as 
found  in  the  American  Journal  of  Science,  page  194,  1878.  "I  conceive 
that  three  things  have  conspired  to  this  loss.  First,  Europe  hardly  ex- 
tending south  of  latitude  40°,  is  all  within  the  limits  generally  assigned 
to  severe  glacial  action.  Second,  its  mountains  trend  east  and  west,  from 
the  Pyrenees  to  the  Carpathians  and  the  Caucasus  beyond,  near  its 
southern  border;  and  they  had  glaciers  of  their  own,  which  must  have 
begun  operations,  and  poured  down  the  northward  flanks,  while  the  plains 
were  still  covered  with  forest  on  the  retreat  from  the  great  ice  wave 
coming  from  the  north.  Attacked  both  on  front  and  rear,  much  of  the 
forest  must  have  perished  then  and  there.  Third,  across  the  line  of  re- 
treat of  those  which  may  have  flanked  the  mountain  ranges,  or  were 
stationed  south  of  them,  stretched  the  Mediterranean,  an  impassable 
barrier.  • 

"Greenland  may  be  referred  to,  by  way  of  comparison,  as  a  country 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  23 

which,  having  undergone  extreme  glaciation,  bears  the  marks  of  it  in  the 
extreme  poverty  of  its  flora,  and  in  the  absence  of  the  plants  to  which  its 
southern  portion,  extending  six  degrees  below  the  arctic  circle,  might  be 
entitled.  It  ought  to  have  trees,  and  might  support  them.  But  since 
destruction  by  glaciation,  no  way  has  been  open  for  their  return. 

"In  the  American  continent  the  mountains  run  north  and  south.  The 
trees,  when  touched  on  the  north  by  the  on-coming  refrigeration,  had  only 
to  move  their  southern  border  southward,  along  an  open  way,  and  there 
was  no  impediment  to  their  due  return.  So  our  lines  have  been  cast  in 
pleasant  places,  and  the  goodly  heritage  of  forest  trees  is  one  of  the 
consequences." 

NATIVE  FORAGE  PLANTS. 

The  native  grasses  while  young,  from  early  spring  to  winter,  without 
exception,  furnish  a  tender  bite  which  is  very  acceptable  to  all  sorts  of 
horses,  cattle,  sheep,  and  even  swine  and  poultry.  Most  of  the  native 
grasses  (about  120  in  number)  grow  in  isolated  bunches,  more  or  less  fre- 
quent, and  furnish  but  little  food,  while  a  considerable  portion  soon 
become  unpalatable  as  the  summer  approaches.  The  most  important 
native  grasses  for  pasture  or  meadow  are  found  in  open  places,  and  are : 
June  grass  (not  native),  fowl  meadow-grass,  and  several  other  species  of 
Poo,  which  have  no  well-known  common  name;  several  manna-grasses 
(Panicularia)  ;  a  few  small  fescues,  two  or  three  Eatonias ;  blue-joint,  two 
or  three  small  redtops,  and  several  species  of  Muhlenberg's  grass,  two  or 
three  kinds  of  mountain  rice,  reed-grass,  two  beard-grasses,  and  several 
panic  grasses.  The  following,  though  quickly  and  thoroughly  dissemi- 
nated, are  not  native  to  our  State :  Barn-yard  grass,  crab-grass,  foxtail  or 
pigeon-grass,  sweet  vernal-grass,  Timothy,  meadow  foxtail,  the  larger  red- 
top  so  popular  for  lowlands,  tall  oat-grass,  orchard  grass,  tall  fescue, 
perennial  rye-grass,  quick-grass. 

Besides  the  true  grasses,  there  are  about  one  hundred  and  eighty  species 
of  grass-like  plants  mostly  found  on  marshes,  which  are  called  sedges. 
They  are  mostly  confounded  with  the  grasses  except  by  the  botanist.  In 
addition  to  these  are  some  twenty-five  other  narrow-leaved  and  grass- 
like  plants  known  as  rushes  which  furnish  more  or  less  herbage.  Many 
of  the  sedges  and  rushes  make  hay  of  fair  quality  when  cut  early  before 
they  become  harsh  and  woody. 

On  the  Jack-pine  plains  and  in  many  other  portions  of  the  sandy  stump- 
lands  in  the  northern  counties  are  two  species  of  sedges  found  abundantly 
on  dry  land.  These  are  Carex  Pennsylvania  Lam.,  and  C.  umbellata 
mcina  Dewey ;  they  are  popularly  called  grasses  by  the  residents  of  those 
counties.  Inquiries  have  frequently  been  made  concerning  the  name,  and 
statements  made  to  the  effect  that  they  were  very  nutritious  and  that 
cattle  got  fat  on  them  early  in  the  spring.  So  far  as  I  have  observed, 
cattle  prefer  something  else  as  it  starts  in  spring,  thus  leaving  the  sedges 
untouched  to  grow  all  summer  and  remain  green  under  the  snow  till  the 
following  spring.  In  spring  the  cattle  eagerly  devour  the  last  year's 
growth  of  the  sedges  and  thrive  on  it.  This  is  but  another  evidence  that 
the  quality  of  the  fodder  is  not  of  so  great  importance,  provided  animals 
can  get  enough  of  it.  and  can  be  induced  to  eat  it. 

Besides  the  native  grasses,  sedges  and  rushes,  there  are  great  numbers  of 
other  herbaceous  plants,  usually  one  here  and  there  which  are  eaten  by 


2±  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

hungry  stock.  Leaves  and  the  tender  growth  of  shrubs  and  young  trees 
are  often  eaten  in  great  quantities,  and  in  times  of  scarcity  cattle  get 
astride  of  young  trees  bending  down  the  tops  so  as  to  reach  the  leaves  and 
twigs.  Sheep  eat  the  greatest  variety  of  plants  and  thus  where  they  feed 
closely  are  valuable  aids  in  the  clearing  of  a  new  country.  They  eat  briars, 
elders  and  sprouts  of  stumps,  but  will  leave  some  things  which  they  do  not 
like.  The  weeds  that  are  thus  left  have  an  excellent  chance  to  spread  and 
in  time  occupy  much  of  the  ground  once  covered  by  the  nutritious  and 
edible  plants  which  have  been  removed.  Here  we  see  one  of  the  most  ex- 
cellent reasons  for  the  interference  of  man  in  removing  the  weeds  and  in 
encouraging  the  introduction  of  the  more  valuable  fodder  plants.  While 
these  early  native  pastures  and  meadows  are  of  incalculable  value  to  the 
pioneer,  without  some  care  they  soon  deteriorate. 

In  times  of  great  scarcity  of  feed  in  a  new  country,  farmers  used  to  fell 
trees  that  cattle  might  eat  the  twigs,  or  "browse,"  which  contain  much 
starch  and  protoplasm  stored  away  by  the  trees  ready  to  be  used  in  giving 
the  young  growth  a  start  on  the  approach  of  warm  weather. 

Michigan  has  no  native  species  of  clover. 

NATIVE  BEE  PLANTS. 

In  Michigan  there  is  a  very  large  number  of  plants  which  furnish  a 
good  quality  of  honey.  If  the  species  is  abundant  in  any  region,  it  usually 
becomes  known  to  the  apiarist  as  a  good  bee  plant ;  if  not  abundant  it  very 
likely  fails  to  attract  attention.  A  plant  may  be  rare  or  important  in  one 
region  and  abundant  in  another.  In  autumn,  asters  and  golden  rods  are 
known  as  excellent  bee  plants,  because  some  few  of  the  many  species  in 
the  State  are  plentiful  in  nearly  every  neighborhood,  but  the  same  sorts 
of 'asters  or  golden  rods  do  not  everywhere  throughout  the  State  furnish  a 
great  amount  of  the  honey.  As  a  rule  those  plants  which  produce  odor- 
ous or  showy  flowers  afford  honey  and  will  be  visited  by  honey  bees  unless 
the  flower  is  of  a  shape  which  makes  it  impossible  for  the  bee  to  reach  the 
food.  * 

Probably  in  the  State  there  are  of  native  plants,  introduced  weeds  and 
field  crops,  a  thousand  species  which  furnish  excellent  food  for  bees.  This 
is  nearly  one  hundred  times  as  many  as  the  bee  keeper  has  in  mind, 
unless  he  has  given  unusual  attention  to  the  subject. 

Our  open  low  lands  furnish  a  large  proportion  of  the  bee  pasture ;  the 
forest  some;  the  weeds  and  some  of  the  field,  garden  and  orchard  crops  a 
fair  amount.  Extremely  dry  or  very  wet  weather  are  both  unfavorable  to 
the  yield  of  honey.  Drainage  of  the  swamps  and  the  clearing  of  waste 
places  are  unfavorable  to  the  interests  of  the  bee  keeper. 

As  the  botanist  now  looks  at  the  subject,  colors  and  odors  are  mere 
advertisements  to  call  the  attention  of  insects  to  the  rich  supplies  of  food 
in  store  for  them.  It  may  be  said  that  the  honey  is  there  for  the  bees, 
but  primarily  it  is  there  for  the  good  of  the  plant,  secondarily  for  the 
good  of  the  insect.  Had  good  old  Dr.  Watts  lived  in  our  day,  he  would 
have  no  doubt  written  his  familiar  verse  in  this  way : 

How  doth  the  little  busy  bee 

Improve  each  shining  hour! 
By  carrying  pollen  day  by  day 

To  fertilize  each  flower. 


BEAL   ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  25 

WEEDS,  NATIVE  AND  INTRODUCED. 

A  new  country  is  comparatively  free  from  weeds,  but  as  the  years  pass 
by,  one  after  another,  weeds  are  introduced.  Some  of  them  are  natives  of 
the  neighborhoods  in  which  they  are  found,  but  most  of  them  have  been 
introduced  from  other  portions  of  our  own  country  or  from  foreign  coun- 
tries. The  farmer  is  not  inclined  to  adopt  Emerson's  notion  of  a  weed  as 
"a  plant  whose  virtues  have  not  yet  been  discovered/'  at  least  he  doesn't 
purpose  trying  to  find  a  use  for  them.  The  seeds  of  most  weeds  find  their 
way  onto  a  farm  nicely  mixed  with  seeds  of  grasses,  grains  and  clovers, 
which  are  drilled  in  or  sowed  broadcast  on  fertile  soil,  where  they  are 
afforded  an  excellent  opportunity  to  grow  and  multiply.  In  some  in- 
stances weeds  are  introduced  as  a  part  of  the  packing  or  straw  employed 
to  protect  castings,  marble,  crockery  or  fruit  trees.  Such  foreign  packing 
should  always  be  burned  at  once. 

By  these  processes  the  older  the  country  the  more  troublesome  weeds  it 
will  have,  as  every  new  intruder  usually  conies  to  stay.  In  most  cases  a 
weed  becomes  well  established  before  it  is  discovered  and  the  inquiry 
comes :  "What  is  it,  and  how  can  I  get  rid  of  it?" 

Weeds'  are  likely  to  become  most  troublesome,  where  farmers  are 
slovenly  and  where  they  are  not  thorough  in  cultivating  throughout  the 
season  the  so-called  "hoed  crops."  In  regions  where  "hoed  crops"  are 
seldom  raised  or  only  raised  in  small  quantity,  certain  weeds  are  likely  to 
prove  very  annoying.  The  majority  of  our  weeds  have  been  introduced 
from  Europe,  as  will  be  seen  by  a  comparison  of  the  two  lists  which 
follow : 

LIST  OF  WEEDS  INTRODUCED  FROM  EUROPE  AND  ASIA. 

The  List  includes  at  least  seventy-eight  species,  and  very  likely  more. 

Abutilon  Abutilon   (L.)   Rusby.     Velvet  Leaf. 

(Abutilon  Avicennw  Gaertn.) 

Agrostemma  Githago  L.     Corn  Cockle. 

(Lychnis  Githago  Scop.) 

Alsine  media  L.     Common  Clickweed. 

(Stellaria  media  Cyr.) 

Alyssum  alyssoides    (L.)    Gouan.     Yellow  Alyssum. 

(Alyssum   calycinum   L.) 

Amaranthus  hybridus  L.     Slender  Pigweed. 

( 'Amaranthus   chlorostachys   Willd.) 

Amaranthus  retroflexus  L.     Rough  Pigweed. 

Anthemis  .Cotula  L.     May-weed. 

Arctium  Lappa  L.     Burdock.  j 

Brassica  arvensis  (L.)   B.  S.  P.     Charlock. 

(Brassica  Sinapistrum  Boiss.) 

Brassica  juncea  (L.)  Cosson.     Indian  Mustard. 

Brassica  nigra   (L.)    Koch.     Black  Mustard. 

Bromus  hordeaceus  L.     Soft-Chess. 

(Bromus   mollis   L.) 

Bromus  racemosus  L.     Upright-Chess. 

Bromus  secalinus  L.     Cheat.     Chess. 

Bursa  Bursa-pastoris   (L.)   Britton.     Shepherd's  Purse. 

(Capsella  Bursa-pastoris  Medic.) 

Camelina  microcarpa  Andrz.     Small-fruited  False-flax. 

Camelina  sativa   (L.)   Crantz.     False-flax. 

Carduus  arvensis   (L.)   Robs.     Canada  Thistle. 

(Cnicus  arvensis  Hoffm.) 

Carduus  lanceolatus  L.     Common  or  Bull  Thistle. 

(Cnicus  lanceolatus  Willd.) 


26  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

Chaetochloa  glauca  (L.)     Scribn.     Yellow  Fox-tail. 

(Setaria  glauca  Beauv.) 

Chaetochloa  viridis  (L.)  Scribn.     Green  Fox-tail. 

(Setaria  viridis  Beauv.) 

Chenopodium  album  L.     Lamb's  Quarters.     Pigweed. 

Chenopedium  glaucum  L.     Oak-leaved  Goosefoot. 

Chrysanthemum   Leucanthemum   L.     White   Daisy.     Ox-Eye   Daisy. 

Cichorium   Intybus   L.     Chicory. 

Conium  maculatum  L.     Poison  Hemlock. 

Convolvulus  arvensis  L.     Bindweed. 

Cynoglossum  officinale  L.     Hound's-Tongue. 

Datura  Stramonium  L.     Stramonium.    Thorn-apple. 

Datura  Tatula  L.     Purple  Thorn-apple. 

Daucus  Carota  L.     Carrot. 

Diplotaxis  muralis   (L.)   DC.     Sand  Rocket. 

( Sisymbrium  murale  L.) 

Dipsacus  sylvestris  Huds.     Wild  Teasel. 

Echinops   sphaerocephalus   L. 

Eragrostis  major  Host.     Stink  grass. 

Euphorbia  Cyparissias  L.     Cypress  Spurge. 

Hypericum  perforatum  L.     St.  John's  wort. 

Inula  Helenium  L.     Elecampane. 

Lactuca  Scariola  L.     Prickly  Lettuce. 

Lappula  Lappula  (L.)   Karst.     Stickseed. 

(Echinospermum  Lappula  Lehm.) 

Leonurus  Cardiaca  L.     Motherwort. 

Lepidium  apetalum  Willd.     Apetalous  Pepper-grass. 

(Lepidium  intermedium  A.  Gray.) 

Lepidium  sativum  L.     Pepper-grass. 

Linaria  Linaria  (L.)  Karst.     Butter-and-eggs.     Toad-flax. 

(Linaria  vulgaris  Mill.) 

Lithospermum  arvense  L.     Red  root.     Corn  Gromwell.     Wheat  Thief. 

Malva  rotundifolia  L.     Common  Mallow. 

Medicago  lupulina  L.     Black  Medic. 

Melilotus  alba  Desf.     White  Melilot.     Sweet  Clover. 

Nepeta  Cataria  L.     Catnep.     Catmint. 

Panicum  capillare  L.     Witch  Grass. 

Panicum  Crus-galli   L.     Barnyard-Grass. 

Plantago  lanceoata  L.     Ribgrass.     English  Plantain. 

Polygonum   Convolvulus   L.     Black  Bindweed. 

Portulaca  oleracea  L.     Purslane. 

Ranunculus  acris  L.     Buttercup. 

Ranunculus   bulbosus    L.     Buttercup. 

Ranunculus  repens  L.     Creeping  Buttercup. 

Roripa  sylvestris   (L.)   Bess.     Yellow  Water-cress. 

(Nasturtium  sylvestre  R.  Br.) 

Rumex  Acetosella  L.     Field  or  Sheep  Sorrel. 

Rumex  crispus  L.     Curled  Dock. 

Rumex  obtusifolius  L.     Bitter  Dock. 

Salsola  Tragus  L.      Russian  Thistle. 

Saponaria  officinalis  L.     Soapwort.     Bouncing  Bet. 

Silene  noctiflora  L.     Night-flowering  Catchfly. 

Silene  vulgaris  (Moench)  Garcke.     Bladder  Campion. 

(Silene  Cucubalus  Wibel.) 

Sisymbrium  altissimum  L.     Tall  Sisymbrium. 

Sisymbrium  officinale   (L.)   Scop.     Hedge  Mustard. 

Sonchus  arvensis  L.     Sow-Thistle. 

Sonchus  asper  (L.)  All.     Spiny-leaved  Sow-Thistle. 

Sonchus  oleraceus  L.     Snow-Thistle. 

Syntherisma  linearis  (Krock.)   Nash.     Small  Grab-grass. 

(Panicum  glabrum  Gaud.) 

Syntherisma  sanguinalis    (L.)    Dulac.     Crab-grass. 

(Panicum  sanguinale  L. 

Tanacetum  vulgare  L.     Common  Tansy. 

Taraxacum  Taraxacum  (L.)  Karst.     Dandelion. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN    FLORA.  27 

(Taraxacum  oflicinale  Weber.) 
Tragopogon  pratensis  L.     Goafs-beard. 
Verbascum  Blattaria  L.     Moth  Mullen. 
Verbascum  Thapsus  L.     Mullen. 
Xanthium  spinosum  L.     Spiny  Clot-bur. 

LIST  OP   INDIGENOUS  WEEDS. 

This  includes  thirty-two  species  and  very  likely  many  more. 

Acnida  tamariscina  tuberculata  (Moq.)  Uline  &  Bray.     Water-hemp. 

Acnida  tamariscina  prostrata  Uline  &  Bray.     Prostrate  water-hemp. 

Amaranthus  blitoides  S.     Wats.     Prostrate  Amaranth. 

Amaranthus  graecizans  L.     Tumble-weed. 

(Amaranthus  albus  L.)     Tumble-weed. 

Ambrosia  artemisiaefolia  L.     Roman  Wormwood.     Hogweed.     Ragweed. 

Artemisia  biennis  Willd.     Biennial  Wormwood. 

Asclepias  Syriaca  L.     Common  Milkweed. 

(Asclepias  Cornuti  Decaisne.) 

Bidens  frondosa  L.  Beggar-ticks.     Stick-tight. 

Cenchrus  tribuloides  L.     Hedge-hog  or  Bur-grass. 

Chenopodium  hybridum  L.     Maple-leaved  Goosefoot. 

Cyperus  rotundus  L.     Nut-grass. 

Cyperus  esculentus  L.     Nut-Grass. 

Erigeron  annuus    (L.)    Pers.     Fleabane. 

Erigeron  ramosus   (Walt.)   B.  S.  P.     Daisy  Fleabane. 

(Erigeron  strigosus  Muhl.) 

Euphorbia  maculata  L.     Spotted  Spurge. 

Euphorbia  nutans  Lag.     Spurge. 

(Euphorbia  Preslii  Guss.) 

Hedeoma  pulegioides   (L.)   Pers.     Pennyroyal. 

Helianthus  tuberosus  L.     Jerusalem  Artichoke. 

Iva  xanthiifolia  (Fresen.)  Nutt.     Marsh  Elder. 

Lepidium  Virginicum  L.     Peppergrass. 

Leptilon  Canadense  (L.)  Britton.     Horse-weed.     Fleabane. 

(Erigeron  Canadensis  L.) 

Onagra  biennis  (L.)   Scop.     Evening-primrose. 

((Enothera  Mennis  L.) 

Panicum  capillare  L.     Old-witch  Grass. 

Plantago  major  L.     Plantain. 

Plantago  Rugelii  Decaisne.     Plantain. 

Polygonum  aviculare  L.     Knotgrass. 

Polygonum  erectum  L.     Erect  Knotgrass. 

Polygonum  littorale  Link.     Shore  Knotweed. 

Prunella  vulgaris  L.     Heal-all. 

(Brunella  vulgaris  L.) 

Rudbeckia  hirta  L.    Yellow  Daisy.    Black-eyed  Susan. 

Urtica  gracilis  Ait.     Tall  Wild  Nettle. 

Xanthium  Canadense  Mill.     Cocklebur.     Clotbur. 

NATIVE   POISONOUS   PLANTS. 

Besides  two  species  of  nettles,  Urtica  gracilis  Ait.,  and  Urticastrum 
divaricatum  (L.)  Kuntze,  there  are  only  two  species  of  native  plants 
which  are  of  any  prominence  as  poisonous  to  the  touch,  and  often  these 
two  are  not  poisonous  to  all  persons.  The  latter  plants  or  shrubs,  are 
known  as  poison  sumach  or  poison  dogwood  (Rhus  Vernicc  L.),  and  poison 
ivy,  or  poison  oak  (Rhus  radicans  L.).  The  last  named  plant  is  the 
most  troublesome,  as  it  is  often  common  on  dry  land,  while  the  one 
previously  noticed  is  confined  to  swamps  which  are  not  so  often  fre- 
quented. Poison  ivy  has  three  leaflets  to  each  leaf,  while  the  handsome 
Virginian  Creeper,  often  confounded  with  it.  usually  ha.s  five  leaflets  to 
the  leaf,  and  is  harmless.  The  roots,  leaves  or  flowers  of  many  of  the 


MICHIGAN    ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

medicinal  plants  are  more  or  less  poisonous  when  eaten  in  sufficient 
quantity,  but  fortunately,  in  nearly  all  such  cases,  there  is  something 
repulsive  to  the  taste  or  to  the  smell.  Unless  one  is  a  botanist  or  takes 
the  advice  of  a  good  botanist,  it  is  safest  to  let  strange  plants  alone. 

NATIVE  PLANTS  PAST  DISAPPEARING. 

The  fathers  and  grandfathers  of  many  of  us  spent  a  considerable  por- 
tion of  their  energies  in  clearing  away  trees,  shrubs,  and  breaking  up  the 
land  that  they  might  have  fertile  fields.  The  newer  portions  of  our  State 
are  still  rapidly  undergoing  this  same  transition. 

As  the  country  becomes  older  and  more  thickly  settled  almost  every- 
thing seems  to  conspire  against  the  trees  and  smaller  plants.  Proprietors 
are  still  making  extensions  to  their  clearings.  The  "tidy"  farmer  ditches 
the  cat-holes  and  marshes,  clears  out  the  elders  and  viburnums  to  make 
more  room  for  turnips  and  better  grasses.  He  turns  stock  into  the  wood 
lot  and  the  flowers  of  spring  and  summer  retreat  to  the  brush-heaps  and  a 
few  places  inaccessible  to  the  cattle.  Fire  burns  out  the  dried-up  swamps. 
The  officers  of  the  railroad  see  that  the  strips  alongside  the  track  are  often 
mowed.  The  highways  are  attacked  and  the  larger  vegetation  removed. 
In  places,  nurserymen  or  their  agents  collect  large  numbers  of  the  choicer 
wild  plants,  as  prairie  roses  and  lady's  slippers.  Near  high  schools  and 
colleges,  the  student  collectors  exterminate  many  choice  plants,  root  and 
branch.  Many  wild  plants  vigorously  protest  against  these  attempts  to- 
ward their  extermination,  and  start  again  and  again  to  recover  the  lost 
ground,  but  with  the  hand  of  a  thorough  farmer  against  them,  sooner  or 
later  they  succumb,  the  scattered  remnants  only  surviving  in  the  few  re- 
maining swamps,  along  railroads,  on  a  few  ragged  hills  and  out  of  the 
way  places. 

Let  me  utter  a  vigorous  protest  against  the  practice  of  collecting  great 
quantities  of  flowers,  just  to  carry  home  and  throw  away.  And  may  I 
hope  that  every  teacher  who  chances  to  read  this  paragraph  will  also 
utter  a  protest  against  this  practice? 

LIST    OF    TREES    INDIGENOUS    TO    MICHIGAN. 

The  distinction  between  a  tree  and  a  shrub  is  a  purely  arbitrary  one. 
If  the  trunk  attains  a  diameter  of  one  foot  the  species  ranks  as  a  tree,  if 
less  than  a  foot  it  ranks  as  a  shrub.  The  papaw  and  the  witch-hazel  rank 
as  trees  in  some  regions  of  the  country,  but  in  Michigan  I  have  not  in- 
cluded them  in  the  list  of  trees  of  the  State.  I  enumerate  ninety  trees 
for  Michigan. 

Abies  balsamea  (L.)   Miller.     Balsam  Fir. 

Acer  Negundo  L.    Box  Elder.    Ash-leaved  Maple.     Box  Elder. 

(Negundo  aceroides  Moench.) 

Acer  nigrum  Michx.     Black  Sugar  Maple. 

(Acer  saccharinum  nigrum  T.  &  G.) 

Acer  Pennsylvanicum  L.     Striped  maple. 

Acer  rubrum  L.    Red  Maple.     Soft  Maple. 

Acer  saccharinum  L.     Silver  Maple.     Soft  Maple. 

(Acer  dasycarpum  Ehrh.) 

Acer  Saccharum  Marsh.     Sugar  Maple. 

(Acer  saccharinum  Wang.) 

^Esculus  glabra  Willd.     Fetid  or  Ohio  Buckeye. 

Amelanchier  Botryapium  (L.  f.)  DC.     Shad-bush. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  29 

Amelanchier  Canadensis  (L.)  Medic.     Shad-bush.    June-berry. 

Betula  lenta  L.     Cherry  Birch.     Sweet  B.     Black  B. 

Betula  lutea  Michx.  f.     Yellow  or  Gray  Birch. 

Betula  papyrifera  Marshall.     Paper  or  Canoe  Birch. 

Carpinus  Caroliniana  Walt.     Blue  Beech. 

Castanea  dentata  (Marsh.)   Borkh.     Chestnut. 

(Castanea  sativa  Americana  A.  Gray.) 

Celtis  occidentalis  L.     Hackberry. 

Cercis  Canadensis  L.     Red  Bud.     Judas  tree. 

Cornus  florida  L.     Flowering  Dogwood. 

Crataegus  Crus-galli  L.     Cockspur  Thorn. 

Crataegus  gemmosa  Sargent. 

Crataegus  macracantha  Lodd.     Long-spined  Thorn. 

(Crataegus  coccinea  macracantha  Dudley.) 

Crataegus  mollis  (T.  &  G.)   Scheele.     Hawthorn. 

(Crataegus  coccinea  mollis  Torr  &  Gray.) 

Crataegus  punctata  Jacq.     Hawthorn. 

Crataegus  tomentosa  L.     Hawthorn. 

Fagus  Americana  Sweet.    Beech. 

(Fagus  ferruginea  Ait.) 

Fraxinus  Americana  L.     White  Ash. 

Fraxinus  lanceolata  Borck.     Green  Ash. 

(Fraxinus  viridis  Michx.) 

Fraxinus  nigra  Marsh.     Black  Ash. 

(Fraxinus  sambucifolia  Lam.) 

Fraxinus  Pennsylvanica  Marsh.     Red  Ash. 

(Fraxinus  pubescens  Lam.) 

Fraxinus  quadrangulata  Michx.     Blue  Ash. 

Gleditsia  triacanthos  L.     Honey-Locust. 

Gymmocladus  dioica  (L.)  Koch.     Kentucky  Coffee-tree. 

(Gymmocladus  Canadensis  Lam.) 

Hicoria  alba   (L.)   Britton.     Mocker-nut. 

(Carya  tomentosa  Nutt.) 

Hicoria  borealis  Ashe.     Northern  Hickory. 

Hicoria  glabra  (Mill.)   Britton.     Pig-nut  Hickory. 

(Carya  'porcina  Nutt.) 

Hicoria  laciniosa   (Michx.  f.)   Sargent.     King-nut,  Big  Shell-bark  Hickory. 

(Carya  sulcata  Nutt.) 

Hicoria  microcarpa  (Nutt.)   Britton.    Small  Pig-nut  Hickory. 

(Carya  microcarpa  Nutt.) 

Hicoria  minima  (Marsh.)  Britton.     Bitter-nut  Hickory. 

(Carya  amara  Nutt.) 

Hicoria  ovata   (Mill.)   Britton.     Shagrbark  Hickory. 

(Carya  alba  Nutt.) 

Hicoria  villosa  Ashe. 

Juglans  cinerea  L.     Butternut. 

Juglans  nigra  L.     Black  Walnut. 

Juniperus  Virginiana  L.     Red  Cedar. 

Larix  laricina  (Du  Roi.)  Koch.     Tamarack.     American  Larch. 

(Larix  Americana  Michx.) 

Liriodendron  Tulipifera  L.     Tulip-tree.     Whitewood. 

Morus  rubra  L.     Red  Mulberry. 

Nyssa  sylvatica  Marsh.  Pepperidge.  Tupelo.     Black  or  Sour  Gum. 

Ostrya  Virginiana    (Mill.)    Willd.     Ironwood.     Hop-hornbeam. 

Picea  brevifolia  Peck.     Swamp  Spruce. 

Picea  Canadensis  (Mill.)   B.  S.  P. 

(Picea  alba  Link.) 

Picea  Mariana  (Mill.)  B.  S.  P.     Black  Spruce. 

(Picea  nigra  Link.) 

Pinus  divaricata   (Ait.)   Gord.     Jack  or  Scrub  Pine. 

(Pinus  Banksiana  Lambert.) 

Pinus  resinosa  Ait.     Norway  or  Red  Pine. 

Pinus  Strobus  L.     White  Pine. 

Platanus  occidentalis  L.  Buttonwood.     Sycamore. 

Populus  balsamifera  L.     Balsam  Poplar. 


30  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

Pbpulus  candicans  Ait.    Balm  of  Gilead. 
(P.  balsamifera  candicans  A.  Gray.) 

Populus  deltoides  Marsh.     Cottonwood. 

(Populus  monilifera  Ait.) 

Populus  grandidentata  Michx.     Large-toothed  Aspen. 

Populus  heterophylla  L.     Downy  Poplar. 

Populus  tremuloides  Michx.     American  Aspen. 

Prunus  nigra  Ait.    Canada  Plum.    Horse  Plum. 

Prunus  Pennsylvanica  L.  f.     Wild  Red  Cherry.     Pin  Cherry. 

Prunus  serotina  Ehrh.     Black  Cherry. 

Prunus  Virginiana  L.     Choke  Cherry. 

Quercus  acuminata   (Michx.)    Houda.     Chestnut  Oak. 

(Quercus  Muhlenbergii  Engelm.) 

Quercus  alba  L.     White  Oak. 

Quercus  Alexander!  Britton.     Alexander's  Oak. 

Quercus  ellipsoidalis  E.  J.  Hill.     Hill's  Oak. 

Quercus  coccinea  Wang.     Scarlet  Oak. 

Quercus  imbricaria  Michx.     Shingle  Oak. 

Quercus  macrocarpa  Michx.     Bur  Oak. 

Quercus  minor  (Marsh.)  Sargent.     Post  Oak. 

(Quercus  obtusiloba  Michx.) 

Quercus  palustris  DuRoi.     Pin  Oak. 

Quercus  platanoides   (Lam.)    Sudw.     Swamp  White  Oak. 

(Quercus  bicolor  Willd.) 

Quercus  rubra  L.     Red  Oak. 

Quercus  Schneckii  Britton.     Schneck's  red  oak. 

(Q.  Texana  Sargent.) 

Quercus  velutina  Lam.    Black  Oak. 

(Quercus  tinctoria  Bartram.) 

Salix  amygdaloides  Anders.     Willow. 

Salix  nigra  Marsh.     Black  Willow. 

Sassafras  Sassafras  (L.)  Karst.     Sassafras. 

(Sassafras  oflicinale  Nees.) 

Sorbus  Americana  Marsh.     American  Mountain  Ash. 

(Pyrus  Americana  DC.) 

Sorbus  sambucifolia  (C.  &  S.)  Roem.     Western  Mountain  Ash. 

(Pyrus  sambucifolia  C.  &  S.) 

Thuja  occidentalis  L.     White  Cedar.     Arbor  Vitae. 

Tilia  Americana  L.     Basswood.    Linden. 

Tsuga  Canadensis  (L.)  Carr.     Hemlock. 

Ulmus  Americana  L.     American  Elm. 

Ulmus  fulva  Michx.     Slippery  or  Red  Elm. 

Ulmus  racemosa  Thomas.     Rock  Elm. 

Viburnum  Lentago  L.     Sheep-berry. 

Four  or  more  hybrid  oaks  have  been  found,  but  these  were  not  enumerated  above. 
They  are:  Quercus  albaX  macrocarpa,  Quercus  Leana,=  Q.  velutina X  imbricaria, 
Quercus  platanoides X  macrocarpa,  Quercus  imbricaria  X  rubra. 

LIST  OF  SHRUBS  INDIGENOUS  TO   MICHIGAN. 

There  are  two  hundred  and  nine  species  and  varieties. 

Acer  Pennsylvanicum  L.     Striped  Maple. 

Acer  spicatum  Lam.     Mountain  Maple. 

Alnus  Alnobetula  (Ehrh.)  K.  Koch.     Green  Alder. 

(Alnus  viridis  DC.) 

Alnus  incana  (L.)  Willd.     Speckled  Alder. 

Alnus  rugosa  (DuRoi.)  K.  Koch.     Smooth  Alder. 

Amelanchier  alnifolia  Nutt.     June  or  Service  Berry. 

Amelanchier  rotundifolia  (Michx.)  Roem.     June  or  Service  Berry. 

Amorpha  canescens  Pursh.    Lead-plant. 

Andromeda  Polifolia  L.    Wild  Rosemary. 

Aralia  hispida  Vent.     Bristly  Sarsaparilla. 

Arctostaphylos  Uva-Ursi  (L.)   Spreng.     Bearberry. 

Aronia  arbutifolia  (L.)  Medic.     Red  Chokeberry. 

Aronia  nigra  (Willd.)  Britton.     Black  Chokeberry. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN   FLORA.  31 


(Pyrus  arbutifolia  L.  f.) 

Aronia  nigra  (Willd.)  Britton. 

(Pyrus  arbutifolia  melanocarpa  Hook.) 

Asimina  triloba  (L.)  Dunal.     Papaw. 

Benzoin  Benzoin  (L.)  Coulter.     Spice-bush. 

(Lindera  Benzoin  Blume.) 

Betula  glandulosa  Michx.     Glandular  Birch. 

Betula  pumila  L.     Low  Birch. 

Ceanothus  Americanus  L.     New  Jersey  Tea.     Red-root. 

Ceanothus  ovatus  Desf.     Smaller  Red-root. 

Celastrus  scandens  L.     Shrubby  or  Climbing  Bittersweet. 

Cephalanthus  occidentalis  L.     Button-bush. 

Chamaedaphne  calyculata  (L.)  Moench.     Leather-leaf. 

(Cassandra  calyculata  D.  Don.) 

Comptonia  peregrinia   (L.)   Coulter.     Sweet-fern. 

(Myrica  asplenifolia  L.) 

Cornus  alternifolia  L.  f.     Alternate-leaved  Cornel. 

Cornus  Amonum  Mill.     Kinnikinnik. 

(Cornus  sericea  L.) 

Cornus  Baileyi  Coult.  &  Evans.     Bailey's  Cornel. 

Cornus  candidissima  Marsh.     Panicled  Cornel. 

(Cornus  paniculata  L.  Her.) 

Cornus  circinata  L.  Her.     Round-leaved  Cornel. 

Cornus  stolonifera  Michx.     Red-osier  Cornel. 

Cornus  stricta  Lam.     Stiff  Cornel. 

Corylus  Americana  Walt.     Hazel-nut. 

Corylus  rostrata  Ait.     Beaked  Hazel-nut. 

Crataegus  acutiloba   Sargent. 

Crataegus  albicans    Ashe. 

Crataegus  altrix   Ashe. 

Crataegus  ater   Ashe. 

Crataegus  attenuata    Ashe. 

Crataegus  borealis    Ashe. 

Crataegus  brevispina  (Dougl.)  Farwell. 

(Crataegus  pimctata  brevispina  Dougl.) 

Crataegus  caesa    Ashe. 

Crataegus  coccinea    L. 

Crataegus  decans    Ashe. 

Crataegus  Dodgei    Ashe. 

Crataegus  fallax  Ashe. 

Crataegus  filipes   Ashe. 

Crataegus  glareola    Ashe. 

Crataegus  immanis   Ashe. 

Crataegus  latisepala  Ashe. 

Crataegus  lanta   Ashe. 

Crataegus  lumaria    Ashe. 

Crataegus  Michiganensis,  Ashe. 

Crataegus  nuperia    Ashe. 

Crataegus  obtecta  Ashe. 

Crataegus  onusta    Ashe. 

Crataegus  pascens   Ashe. 

Crataegus  pastora   Sargent. 

Crataegus  prona    Ashe. 

Crataegus  prunifolia   (Marsh.)    Pers. 

Crataegus  pubifolia    Ashe. 

Crataegus  pubipes    Ashe. 

Crataegus  rotundifolia  (Ehrh.)    Borck. 

Crataegus  redolans   Ashe. 

Crataegus  sera   Sargent. 

Crataegus  structilis  Ashe. 

Crataegus  tenax   Ashe. 

Crataegus  virella    Ashe. 

Dasiphora  fruticosa  (L.)  Rybd.     Shrubby  Cinquefoil. 

(Potentilla  fruticosa  L.) 

Decodon  verticillatus  (L.)   Ell.     Willow  Herb. 


32  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

Diervilla' Diervilla  (L.)  Mac  M.     Bush  Honeysuckle. 

(Diervilla  trifida,  Moench.) 

Empetrum  nigrum  L.     Black  Crowberry. 

Epigaea  repens  L.     Trailing  Arbutus.     Mayflower. 

Euonymus  atropurpureus  Jacq.     Burning  Bush.     Wahoo. 

Euonymus  obovatus  Nutt.    Running  Strawberry  Bush. 

(Enonymus  Americanus  obovatus  T.  &  G.) 

Gaylussacia  resinosa   (Ait.)   T.  &  G.     Black  Huckleberry. 

Hypericum  Kalmianum  L.  Kalm's  St.  John's-wort. 

Hypericum  prolificum  L.    Shrubby  St.  John's-wort. 

Ilex  verticillata  (L.)  A.  Gray.    Winter-berry. 

llicioides  mucronata  (L.)   Britton.     Mountain  Holly. 

(Nemopanthes  Canadensis  DC.) 

Kalmia  angustifolia  L.     Sheep-laurel. 

Kalmia  glauca  Ait.     Swamp-laurel. 

Ledum  Groenlandicum  (Elder.     Labrador  Tea. 

(Ledum  latifolium  Ait.) 

Lepargyraea  argentea  (Nutt.)  Greene.     Buffalo-berry. 

(Shepherdia  argenta  Nutt.) 

Lonicera  Caprifolium  L.     Perfoliate  Honeysuckle. 

(Lonicera  grata  Ait.) 

Lonicera  ciliata  Muhl.     Fly  Honeysuckle. 

Lonicera  coerulea  L.     Mountain  Fly-Honeysuckle. 

Lonicera  dioica  L.     Glaucous  Honeysuckle. 

(Lonicera  glauca  Hill.) 

Lonicera  glaucescens  Rydb.     Douglas'  Honeysuckle. 

Lonicera  hirsuta  Eaton.     Hairy  Honeysuckle. 

Lonicera  involucrata   (Richards)    Banks. 

Lonicera  oblongifolia  (Goldie)  Hook.     Swamp  Fly-Honeysuckle. 

Malus  coronaria  (L.)  Mill.     American  Crab  Apple. 

(Pyrus  coronaria  L.) 

Menispermum  Canadense  L.     Moonseed. 

Myrica  cerifera  L.     Bayberry.     Wax-myrtle. 

Myrica  Gale  L.     Sweet  Gale. 

Opulaster  opulifolius  (L.)  Kuntze.     Ninebark. 

(Physocarpus  opulifolius  Maxim.) 

Oxycoccus  macrocarpus  (Ait.)   Pers.     Large  Cranberry. 

(Vaccinium  macrocarpon  Ait.) 

Oxycoccus  Oxycoccus  (L.)  MacM.     Small  Cranberry. 

(Vaccinium  Oxycoccus  L.) 

Parthenocissus  quinquefolia  (L.)  Planch.     Virginia  Creeper. 

(Ampelopsis  quinquefolia  Michx.) 

Parthenocissus  quinquefolia  laciniata  Planch. 

(Parthenocissus  vitacea  Planch.) 

Parthenocissus  quinquefolia  hirsuta  (Knerr.)  T.  &  G. 

Polycodium  stamineum   (L.)   Greene.     Deerberry. 

(Vaccinium  staminium  L.) 

Prunus  Americana  Marsh.     Wild  Yellow  or  Red  Plum. 

Prunus  pumila  L.     Sand  Cherry.       Dwarf  Cherry. 

Ptelea  trifoliata  L.    Hop-tree.     Wafer-ash. 

Quercus  prinoides  Willd.     Dwarf  Chestnut  Oak. 

Rhamnus  alnifolia  L'Her.     Dwarf  Alder. 

Rhus  aromatica  Ait.     Fragrant  Sumach. 

(Rhus  Canadensis  Marsh.) 

Rhus  copalina  L.     Dwarf  Sumach. 

Rhus  glabra  L.     Smooth  Sumach. 

Rhus  hirta  (L.)  Sudw.     Staghorn  Sumach. 

(Rhus  typhina  L.) 

Rhus  radicans  L.     Poison  Ivy. 

(Rhus  Toxicodendron  radicans  Marsh.) 

Rhus  Vernix  L.     Poison  Sumach. 

(Rhus  venenata  DC.) 

Ribes  Cynosbati  L.     Prickly  Gooseberry. 

Ribes  florldum  L'Her.     Wild  Black  Currant. 

Ribes  gracile  Michx.     Missouri  Gooseberry. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  33 


Ribes  lacustre   (Pers.)   Poir.     Swamp  Gooseberry. 

Ribes  oxyacanthoides  lacustre  Pers. 

Ribes  oxyacanthoides  L.     Swamp  Gooseberry. 

Ribes  prostratum  L'Her.     Fetid  Currant. 

Ribes  rotundifolium  Michx.     Round-leaved  Gooseberry. 

Ribes  rubrum  L.     Red  Currant. 

(Ribes  rubrum  subglandulosum  Maxim.) 

Rosa  Arkansana  Porter. 

Rosa  blanda  Ait. 

Rosa  Carolina  L.     Swamp  Rose. 

Rosa  Carolina X  humilis  C.  F.  Wheeler.    A  hybrid. 

Rosa  Engelmanni  S.  Wats. 

Rosa  humilis  Marsh.     Low  Rose. 

Rosa  Sayi  Schwein.     Say's  Rose. 

Rosa  setigera  Michx.     Prairie  Rose. 

Rubus  Americanus    (Pers.)   Britton. 

(Rubus  triflorus  Richards.) 

Rubus  Canadensis  L.     Low  Dewberry. 

(Rubus  Millspaughii  Britton.) 

Rubus  hispidus  L.     Running  Swamp  Dewberry. 

Rubus  nigrobaccus  Bailey.    Blackberry. 

(Rubus  villosus  Ait.) 

Rubus  occidentalis  L.     Black  Raspberry. 

Rubus  odoratus  L.     Purple  Flowering-raspberry. 

Rubus  parviflorus  Nutt.     Salmon-Berry. 

(Rubus  Nutkanus  Mocino.) 

Rubus  setosus  Bigel.     Bristly  Blackberry. 

Rubus  strigosus  Michx.     Wild  Red  Raspberry. 

Salix  adenophylla  Hook.     Tomentose  Willow. 

Salix  amygdaloides  Anders.     Peach-leaved  Willow. 

Salix  balsamifera  (Hook)  Barratt.     Balsam  Willow. 

Salix  balsamifera  lanceolata  Bebb. 

Salix  balsamifera  vegeta  Bebb. 

Salix  Bebbiana  Sargent.     Bebb's  Willow. 

(Salix  rostrata  Richards.) 

Salix  Candida  Fluegge.     Hoary  Willow. 

Salix  Candida  X  cordata  Bebb.     A  hybrid. 

Salix  cordata  Muhl.     Heart-leaved  Willow. 

Salix  cordata  X  sericea  Bebb. 

Salix  discolor  Muhl.     Glaucous  Willow. 

Salix  discolor  X  eriocephala  Anders. 

Salix  discolor  X   prinoides   (Pursh)   Anders. 

Salix  fluviatilis  Nutt.     Sandbar  Willow. 

(Salix  longi folia  Muhl.) 

Salix  fragilis  L. 

Salix  fragilis  X  alba  Wimmer. 

Salix  glaucophylla  Bebb.     Broad-leaved  Willow. 

Salix  glaucophylla X  angustifolia  Bebb. 

Salix  glaucophyllaX  brevifolia  Bebb. 

Salix  humilis  Marshall.     Prairie  Willow.    . 

Salix  humilis  X  discolor  Bebb. 

Salix  interior  X  Wheeleri  Rowlee. 

Salix  lucida  Muhl.     Shining  Willow. 

Salix  myrtilloides  L.     Myrtle  Willow. 

Salix  myrtilloidesX  pedicellaris  Anders. 

Salix  nigra  Marshall.     Black  Willow. 

Salix  nigra  falcata  (Pursh)  Torr. 

Salix  petiolaris  J.  E.  Smith.     Petioled  Willow. 

Salix  petiolaris  gracilis  Anders. 

Salix  petiolaris  X  Candida  Bebb. 

Salix  sericea  Marsh.     Silky  Willow. 

Salix  sericea X  Candida  Bebb. 

Salix  tristis  Ait.     Dwarf  Gray  Willow. 

Salix  viminalis  L.     Basket  Osier. 

Sambucus  Canadensis  L.     Purple-berried  Elder. 


34  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

Sambucus  pubens  Michx.     Red-berried  Elder. 

Smilax  hispida  Muhl.     Green  Briar. 

Smilax  rotundifolia  L.     Green  Briar. 

Spiraea  salicifolia  L.     Willow-leaved  Meadow-sweet. 

Spiraea  tomentosa  L.     Hardback. 

Stapbylea  trifolia  L.     Bladdernut. 

Symphoricarpos  occidentalis  Hook.     Wolfberry. 

Symphoricarpos  pauciflorus  (Robbins)   Britton.     Low  Snowberry. 

Symphoricarpos  racemosus  Michx.     Snowberry. 

Symphoricarpos    Symphoricarpos    (L.)    MacM.      Coral-berry. 

(Symphoricarpos  vulgaris  Michx.) 

Vaccinium  caespitosum  Michx.    Dwarf  Bilberry. 

Vaccinium  Canadense  Richards.     Canada  Blueberry. 

Vaccinium  corymbosum  L.     Swamp-blueberry. 

Vaccinium  corymbosum  amoenum  A.  Gray. 

Vaccinium  membranaceum  Dougl.     Thin-leaved  Bilberry. 

(Vaccinium  myrtilloides  Hook.) 

Vaccinium  nigrum  (Wood)   Britton.     Black  Blueberry. 

Vaccinium  ovalifolium  J.  E.  Smith.     Oval-leaved  Bilberry. 

Vaccinium  Pennsylvanicum  Lam.     Dwarf  or  Low-bush  Blueberry. 

Vaccinium  Pennsylvanicum  angustifolium    (Ait.)    A.  Gray. 

Vaccinium  uliginosum  L.     Great  Bilberry. 

Vaccinium  vacillans  Kalm.     Low  Blueberry. 

Viburnum  acerifoliura  L.     Maple-leaved  Arrow-wood. 

Viburnum  alnifolium  Marsh.     Hobble-bush. 

(Viburnum  lantanoides  Michx.) 

Viburnum  cassinoides  L.     Withe-rod. 

Viburnum  dentatum  L.     Arrow-wood. 

Viburnum  Opulus  L.     Cranberry-tree. 

Viburnum  pauciflorum  Pylaie.     Few-flowered  Cranberry-tree. 

Viburnum  prunifolium  L.     Black  Haw. 

Viburnum  pubescens  (Ait.)  Pursh. 

Vitis  aestivalis  Michx.     Summer  Grape. 

Vitis  bicolor  LeConte.     Blue  or  Winter  Grape. 

Vitis  cordifolia  Michx.     Forest  Grape. 

Vitis  vulpina  L.     Riverside  Grape. 

(Vitis  riparia  Michx.) 

Xanthoxylum  Americanum  Mill.     Prickly  Ash. 

Xolisma  ligustrina  (L.)  Britton.     Privet  Andromeda. 

* 

CATALOGUE. 

Range  of  species  north  or  south  has  been  indicated  by  the  following  abbreviations 
at  the  right:  S. — 1st,  2d  and  3d  tiers  of  counties.  C. — From  3d  tier  of  counties 
northward  to  Houghton  Lake  region.  N. — Remainder  of  the  Lower  Peninsula. 
L.  P. — Lower  Peninsula.  U.  P. — Upper  Peninsula.  Th. — Whole  State  so  far  as 
known.  In  a  few  instances  S.  E.  and  S.  W.  have  been  used  to  indicate  the  south- 
eastern and  southwestern  parts  of  the  Lower  Peninsula.  In  case  of  rare  or  local 
species,  I  have  given  all  the  localities  known,  but  for  more  common  ones,  have 
usually  indicated  only  the  range  and  relative  frequency.  Throughout  the  catalogue 
B.  &  K.  refer  to  notes  of  H.  C.  Beardslee  and  Chas.  A.  Kofoid.  W.  J.  B. — W.  J.  Beal. 
All  plants  which  have  been  collected  within  ten  miles  of  Lansing  are  indicated  by 
an  asterisk.* 


OPHIOGLOSSACE^:  Presl.     Adders-Tongue  Family. 

OPHIQGLOSSUM  L. 

1.     0.  Engelmanni  Prantl.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*2.  0.  vulgatum  L.  Adder's  tongue.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  St.  Clair 
Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  due  north  of 
the  Agricultural  College  on  the  Zac.  Chandler  farm;  very  likely  overlooked  in  most 
places  where  it  might  be  found.  Rare. 


BEAL   ON   MICHIGAN    FLORA.  35 

BOTRYCHIUM  Swartz. 

2a.  B.  boreale  (Fries.)  Milde.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
3.     B.  dissectum  Spreng.     B.  ternatum  dissectum  D.  C.  Eaton.     South  Haven, 
Bailey;  Detroit,  Foerste;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  St.  Glair  Co.,  J.  W.  Stacey. 

4.  B.  lanceolatum   (S.  G.  Gmel.)    Angstroem.     Lance-leaved  Grape-fern.     Damp, 
mossy  places.    Lake  Superior,  H.  Gillman;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

5.  B.   Lunaria    (L.)    Swartz.      Moon  wort.      "Lake    Superior    (Lesquereux.)    and 
sparingly  northward,"  Eaton  in  Gray's  Manual;    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Harrisville,  W.  J.  B.    Rare. 

6.  B.  matricariae  (Schrank.)  Spreng.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

7.  B.   matricariaefolium   A.    Braun.     Dark,   wet  woods.     Lake    Superior,   D.   C. 
Eaton;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

8.  B.   obliquum  Muhl.     B.   ternatum    obliquum    D.     C.    Eaton.     Pastures    and 
meadows.     Fort  Gratiot  and  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat;  Flint;   S.  Haven,  Bailey;  Ann 
Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Gratiot  Co.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Ber- 
rien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.    Infrequent. 

8a.  B.  obliquum  intermedium    (D.   C.   Eaton)    Underw.     B.   ternanatum  australe 
D.  C.  Eaton.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

9.  B.  Onondagense  Underw.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

10.  B.   simplex  Hitchcock.     Little  Grape-fern.      Hillsides.      Westward  to  Lake 
Superior,  D.  C.  Eaton,  Ferns  of  N.  Am.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  near  Oscoda 
in  1888,  the  only  station  known  in  the  Lower  Peninsula.    Rare. 

11.  B.  tenebrosum  A.  A.  Eaton.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*12.     B.  Virginianum  (L.)  Swartz.    Virginia  Grape-Fern.    Rich  woods.    Variable. 
Common. 

13.     B.  Virginianum  gracile  Pursh.     With  type. 

OSMUNDACE^E  E.  Br.     Royal  Fern  Family. 
OSMUNDA  L. 

*18.     0.  cinnamomea  L.    Cinnamon  Fern.    Swamps.    Common. 

*19.     0.  Claytoniana  L.    Clayton's  Fern.    Moist  grounds,  common.     Th. 

*20.     0.  regalis  L.     Flowering  Fern.     Swamps,  common. 

POLYPODIACE^:  R.  Br.     Fern  Family. 

ONOCLEA  L. 
*21.     0.  sensibilis  L.     Sensitive  Fern.    Wet  places.    Abundant.    Th. 

MATTEUCCIA  Todaro.     ONOCLEA  L.  in  part. 

*22.     M.  Struthiopteris  (L.)  Todaro.     Ostrich  Fern.     Onoclea  Struthiopteris  (L.) 
Hoffm.     Alluvial  soil.     Infrequent.     Th.. 

WOODSIA  R.  Br. 

23.  W.  alpina    (Bolton)    S.  F.   Gray.     Alpine  Woodsia.     W.  hypcrborea  R.  Br. 
U.  P.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

24.  W.  Ilvensis  (L.)  R.  Br.    Rusty  Woodsia.    N.  E.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Lake  Superior, 
Whitney  Cat.;  Lower  Falls  of  the  Quinnesec,  E.  J.  Hill;  Norway,  C  .F.  Wheeler. 

25.  W.  obtusa  (Spreng.)  Torr.    Blunt-lobed  Woodsia.    Rocky  places.    Huron  Co., 
C.  A.  Davis.    U.  P.     Not  rare. 

26.  W.  Oregana  D.  C.  Eaton.     Oregon  Woodsia.     Crevices  of  rocks  south  shore 
of  Lake  Superior,  Dr.  Robbins  in  Gray's  Manual. 

27.  W.  scopulina  D.  C.  Eaton.     Rocky  Mountain  Woodsia.     Rocks  of  the  lower 
falls  of  the  Menominee  river,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

DENNSTAEDTIA  Bernh.     DICKSONIA  L'Her. 

28.  D.  punctilobula  (Michx.)  Moore.     Dicksonia  punctilobula  (Michx.)   A.  Gray. 
Petoskey,  Emmet  Co.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


36  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

FILIX  Adans.     CYSTOPTERIS  Bernh. 

*29.  F.  bulbifera  (L.)  Underw.  Cystopteris  bulbifera  (L.)  Bernh.  Bulblet 
Fern.  Moist  shaded  hillsides.  Locally  frequent.  Th. 

*30.  F.  fragilis  (L.)  Underw.  Cystopteris  fragilis  (L.)  Bernh.  Brittle  Fern. 
Woods  and  river  banks.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat;  Flint;  Hubbardston;  Alma, 
C.  A.  Davis;  northward  to  Lake  Superior,  Whitney.  Th. 

31.  F.  fragilis  tenue    (Michx.)     Cystopteris  fragilis   dentata  Hook.     Keweenaw 
Co.,  and  Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

32.  F.  montana     (Lam.)    Underw.     Mountain    Cystopteris.  Cystopteris  montana 
(Lam.)  Bernh.    North  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Britton  &  Brown. 

POLYSTICHUM   Roth.      ASPIDIUM   in    part. 

33.  P.  acrostichoides  (Michx.)  Schott.    Christmas  Fern.    Aspidium  acrostichoides 
Sw.     Shady  ground.     Th. 

34.  P.  Braunii  (Spenner)  F£e.    Braun's  Holly-fern.    Aspidium  aculeatum  Braunii 
Doell.    Ontonagon  Peninsula,  Eaton's  Ferns  of  N.  A.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

35.  P.  Lonchitis  (L.)  Roth.    Holly-Fern.    Aspidium  Lonchitis  Sw.    Woods  south 
shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Prof.  Whitney;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

DRYOPTERIS  Adans.     ASPIDIUM  in  part. 

36.  D.    Boottii    (Tuckerm.)    Underw.      Boott's    Shield-fern.      Aspidium    Boottii 
Tuckerm.     Alder  thickets.    Hubbardston;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat;  Norway,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*37.  D.  cristata  (L.)  A.  Gray.  Crested  Shield-fern.  Aspidium  cristatum  Sw. 
Swamps.  Frequent.  Th. 

38.  D.  cristata  Clintoniana    (D.  C.  Eaton)    Underw.     Aspidium  cristatum   Clin- 
tonianum  D.  C.  Eaton.     Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;    Hubbardston;    found  at 
Lake  Nipigon,  Ont,  Macoun;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.    Infrequent.    Th. 

39.  D.  Filix-Mas    (L.)    Schott.     Male    Fern.     Aspidium    Filix-mas    Sw.     Rocky 
woods.     Keweenaw  Peninsula,  Lake  Superior,  A.  Gray. 

40.  D.  fragrans    (L.)    Schott.     Fragrant    Shield-fern.     Aspidium    fragrans    Sw. 
Crevices  of  shaded  cliffs.     Isle  Royale,  and  Keweenaw  Peninsula,  Dr.  Lyons. 

*41.  D.  Goldieana  (Hook.)  A.  Gray.  Goldie's  Fern.  Aspidium  Goldieanum 
Hook.  Moist  woods.  Flint;  Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Owosso,  G.  H.  Hicks; 
Black  River,  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*42.  D.  marginalis  (L.)  A.  Gray.  Evergreen  Wood-fern.  Aspidium  marginale 
Sw.  Hillsides  in  rich  woods.  S.  Haven,  Bailey;  Flint;  Hubbardston  and  north- 
ward. Frequent.  Th. 

*43.     D.  Noveboracensis  (L.)  A.  Gray.    New  York  Fern.    Aspidium  Noveboracense 
Sw.     Swamps.     Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;   Macomb  Co.;   Hubbardston;   Gore 
Bay,  Manitoulin  Island,  J.  Bell.     Canadian  Cat.     L.  P. 
44.     D.  simulata  Davenport.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*45.  D.  spinulosa  (Retz)  Kuntze.  Spinulose  Shield-fern.  Aspidium  spinulosum 
Sw.  Shady  woods.  Flint;  Hubbardston;  L.  Superior,  D.  C.  Eaton,  Ferns  of 
N.  A.  Th. 

46.  D.  spinulosa  dilatata  (Hoffm.)  Underw.  Aspidium  spinulosum  var.  dilatatum 
Hook.  Woods.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston; 
Petoskey,  and  northward.  Th. 

*47.  D.  spinulosa  intermedia  (Muhl.)  Underw.  Aspidium  spinulosum  var.  inter- 
medium D.  C.  Eaton.  Woods.  Common.  Th. 

*48.  D.  Thelypteris  (L.)  A.  Gray.  Marsh  Shield-fern.  Aspidium  Thelypteris 
Sw.  Swamps.  Frequent.  Th. 

PHEGOPTERIS    Fee. 

*49.  P.  Dryopteris  (L.)  Fee.  Oak-fern.  Open  woods.  Frequent  north  of  lat. 
43°,  especially  under  pines.  Th. 

*50.  P.  hexagonoptera  (Michx.)  Fee.  Broad  Beech-fern.  Beech  woods.  Flint; 
Hubbardston;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Fre- 
quent. Th. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  37 

*51.  P.  Phegopteris  (L.)  Underw.  Long  Beech-fern.  P.  polypodioides  Fee.  Isle 
Royale,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Frankfort;  Inland,  Grand 
Traverse  Co.;  rocks,  Grand  Ledge.  Abundant  northward.  Th. 

WOODWARDIA    J.  E.   Smith. 

52.  W.  areolata  (L.)  Moore.  Net-veined  Chain-fern.  W.  angustifolia  J.  E.  Smith. 
South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey  in  1880;  near  Black  River,  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*53.  W.  Virginica  (L.)  J.  E.  Smith.  Virginia  Chain-fern.  Marshes,  Marquette 
Co.,  Burt.  MS.  Cat.;  Westville,  Montcalm  Co.;  Flint;  So.  Haven,  Bailey;  Hubbards- 
ton,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  near  Port  Huron,  C.  K. 
Dodge.  Th. 

CAMPTOSORUS    Link. 

54.  C.  rhizophyllus  (L.)  Link.  Walking-fern.  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell; 
Alpena,  V.  M.  Spalding,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Norway  on  the  northeast  exposure  of 
quartz  rock,  C.  F.  Wheeler.  Rare. 

• 
ASPLENIUM    L. 

*55.  A.  acrostichoides  Sw.  Silvery  Spleenwort.  A.  thelypteroides  Michx.  Rich 
woods.  Frequent.  Th. 

*56.  A.  angustifolium  Michx.  Narrow-leaved  Spleenwort.  Rich  woods,  S.  W., 
Wright  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  rare,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Flint;  S.  Haven,  Bailey;  Ionia 
Co.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*57.  A.  Filix-foemina  (L.)  Bernh.  Lady  Fern.  Moist  woods.  Exceedingly 
variable.  Common.  Th. 

58.  A.  montanum  Willd.     Mountain  Spleenwort.     Near  Clifton,  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

59.  A.  platyneuron  (L.)   Oakes.     Ebony  Spleenwort.     A.  ebeneum  Ait.     Allegan, 
Miss  Josie  A.  Williams.    Only  station  known  in  the  State. 

60.  A.  Rutra-muraria  L.    Wall  Rue  Spleenwoort.     N.  E.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.    Rare. 

61.  A.  Trichomanes  L.     Maidenhair  Spleenwort.     N.  E.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Keweenaw 
Point;   Isle  Royale,  Porter.     Infrequent.     N.  &  U.  P. 

ADIANTUM    L. 

*62.  A.  pedatum  L.  Maiden-hair  Fern.  Rich,  moist  woods.  One  of  the  most 
beautiful  ferns.  Common.  Th. 

PTERIDIUM   Scop.     PETRIS  L.  in  part. 

*63.  Pteridium  aquilinum  (L.)  Kuhn.  Common  Brake.  Pteris  aquilina  L.  Open 
ground.  Common.  Th. 

CRYPTOGRAMMA    R.  Brown. 

64.  C.  acrostichoides  R.  Br.     American  Rock-brake.     Isle  Royale,  Gray's  Manual; 
Caribou  Island,  Porter.    U.  P.  • 

65.  C.   Stelleri    (Gmel.)    Prantl.     Slender   Cliff-brake.     Pellaea   Stelleri    (Gmel.) 
Walt.    Louse  Isle,  Winch.  Cat.;   Pictured  Rocks,  G.  H.  Hicks. 

PELLAEA    Link. 

66.  P.  atropurpurea    (L.)    Link.     Purple    Cliff-brake.     Norway,  C.    F.    Wheeler. 
Shaded  limestone  rocks.    N.  E.   Winch.  Cat. 


POLYPODIUM    L. 

anks  and  rocks 

very 


*67.     P.  vulgare  L.     Common  Polypody.     Dry  banks  and  rocks.     Grand  Ledge, 
W.  J.  B.;  Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler.     Rarely  seen  in  L.  P.,  but  very  common  in 


38  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

EQUISETACE.E  Michx.     Horsetail  Family. 
EQUISETUM   L. 

*68.     E.  arvense  L.    Common  Horsetail.    Damp  sandy  grounds.    Common.    Th. 

69.  E.  arvense  campestre  Schultz.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

70.  E.  arvense  riparium  Milde.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*71.  E.  fluviatile  L.  Swamp  Horsetail.  E.  limosum  L.  In  shallow  water.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

72.     E.  fluviatile  polystachyon  (Bruckner)  Prayer.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*73.     E.  hyemale  L.  Scouring-Rush.     Wet  banks,  common.    Th. 
*74.     E.  hyemale  ramigerum  A.  Br.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

75.  E.  laevigatum  A.  Br.     Smooth  Scouring-rush.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.   Dodge; 
Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

76.  E.  littorale  Kuehl.     Shore  Horsetail.    New  Buffalo;  Oscoda;   Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

77.  E.  palustre  L.    Marsh  Horsetail.    Lake  Huron  to  the  Arctic  Sea.     (Hook,  PI.) 
U.  P. 

*78.  E.  pratense  Ehrh.  Thicket  Horsetail.  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  to  Pine  Lake, 
Emmet  Co.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Th. 

*79.  E.  robustum  A.  Br.  Stout  Scouring-rush.  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Mo- 
renci,  W.  J.  B.;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

80.  E.  scirpoides  Michx.  Sedge-like  Equisetum.  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbards- 
ton;  Petoskey;  to  L.  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Th. 

*81.  E.  sylvaticum  L.  Wood  Horse-tail.  Ann  Arbor,  rare,  Allmend.  Cat.;  Clin- 
ton Co.;  Montcalm  Co.;  Flint;  and  northward  where  it  is  common.  Th. 

82.  E.  variegatum  Schleich.     Variegated  Equisetum.     S.  E.,  Winch.  Cat.;   Hub- 
bardston;  Muir;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  sand  dunes  at  the  head  of  Little  Traverse  Bay; 
Drummond's  I.,  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Detroit  and  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Infrequent.    Th. 

LYCOPODIACEJE  Michx.     Club-Moss  Family. 
LYCOPODIUM   L. 

83.  L.  alpinum  L.  Alpine  Club-moss.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

84.  L.  annotinum  L.     Stiff  Club-moss.     Woods.     Petoskey  to  L.   Superior;    St. 
Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.    Common. 

85.  L.  Chamaecyparissus  A.  B.  L.  complanatum  Chamaecyparissus  D.  C.  Eaton. 
Tp.  of  Arthur,  Clare  Co.,  May  15,  1849,  G.  H.  Cannon;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

*86.  L.  clavatum  L.  Common  Club-moss.  Dry  woods.  Common.  Th.  N.  &  U.  P. 
87.  L.  clavatum  monostachyon  Hook.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*88.  L.  complanatum  L.  Ground-Pine.  Bangor,  Van  Buren  Co.,  Bailey;  shore  of 
Pine  Lake;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Woodward  Lake,  Ionia  Co.;  Flint; 
Macomb  Co.,  Stanton,  and  northward.  Th. 

89.  L.  inundatum  L.  Bog  Club-moss.  Drummond's  I.;  Willow  River,  Huron  Co.; 
Sugar  Is.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Th. 

*90.     L.  lucidulum  Michx.    Shining  Club-moss.    Moist  woods.    Frequent.     Th. 

*91.     L.  obscurum  L.     Ground  Pine.     Moist  woods. 

92.  L.  obscurum  dendroideum  D.  C.  Eaton.    Macomb  Co.,  Cooley;  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell,  near  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Oscoda. 

93.  L.  porophilum  Lloyd  &  Underw.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

94.  L.  sabinaefolium  Willd.    Cedar-like  Club-Moss.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Rare. 

95.  L.  Selago  L.  Fir  Club-moss.    Lake  Superior,  Gray's  Manual;  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell.     Infrequent  U.  P. 

SELAGINELLACE^E    Underw. 
SELAGINELLA  Beauv. 

*96.  S.  apus  (L.)  Spring.  Creeping  Selaginella.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger 
Cat.;  Hubbardston,  Grand  Ledge,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Orion,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Port  Huron, 
W.  S.  Cooper  and  C.  K.  Dodge;  Alma  and  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent. 


BEAL  ON    MICHIGAN   FLORA.  39 

*97.  S.  rupestris  (L.)  Spring.  Rock  Selaginella.  Flint;  Woodward  Lake;  rare 
in  L.  P.;  but  common  in  U.  P.  Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Oscoda, 
Grayling,  Harrison,  W.  J.  B.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Th. 

98.  S.  selaginoides  (L.)  Link.    Low  Selaginella.    8.  spinosa  Beauv.     Isle  Royale, 
Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     U.  P. 

ISOETACEJE  Under  w.     Quillwort  Family. 

ISOETES    L. 

99.  L.    echinospora    Braunii     (Durieu)     Engelm.      Braun's    Quillwort.      Gray's 
Manual. 

100.  L.  lacustris  L.    Lake  Quillwort.    River  St.  Marie,  head  of  ship  canal,  T.  C. 
Porter;  St.  Glair  River,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

PINACEJE  Lindl.     Coniferse  in  part.     Pine  Family. 
PINUS   L. 

101.  P.  divaricata  (Ait.)  Gord.  Gray  Pine.  Jack  Pine.  P.  Banksiana  Lambert 
In  the  western  part  of  the  state  noticed  as  far  south  as  Grand  Haven.  Occurs  at 
south  end  of  Lake  Michigan  in  Indiana;  Sand  Pt.,  Port  Austin,  Saginaw  Bay,  and 
northward  along  the  shore  of  L.  Huron,  not  common,  Winch.  Cat.  In  the  central 
part  of  the  State  this  pine  is  first  seen  in  the  northern  part  of  Clare  Co.,  where  it  is 
common  in  groves  on  sandy  barrens.  Trees  sometimes  grow  50  to  70  feet  in 
height  and  rarely  have  been  measured  with  a  diameter  of  two  feet. 

102.  P.  resinosa  Ait.  Red  Pine.  Norway  Pine.  Dry  woods.  First  noticed  in 
Isabella  Co.,  in  center  of  the  L.  P.;  very  abundant  in  Clare  Co.,  and  northward. 
"Frequent  on  low,  sandy  plains  in  U.  P.,  where  it  forms  orchard-like  groves," 
Whitney.  Usually  100  to  110  feet  high.  On  the  east  side  of  the  State  it  extends 
southward  to  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Gratiot  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*103.     P.  Strobus  L.    White  Pine.    Weymouth  Pine.    C.  &  N.  W. 

LARIX    Adans. 

*104.  P.  laricina  (DuRoi)  Koch.  American  Larch.  Tamarack.  L.  Americana 
Michx.  Swamps.  A  slender  tree  southward,  but  sometimes  reaching  100  feet  in 
height  northward,  where  it  is  abundant.  Th. 

PICEA   Link. 

105.  P.  brevifolia  Peck.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

106.  P.  Canadensis  (Mill.)  B.  S.  P.    White  Spruce.    P.  alba  Link.    From  Luding- 
ton  to  Alcona  Co.,  W.  J.  B.;   Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;   Petoskey  and  northward. 
N.  &  U.  P.     Common. 

*107.  P.  Mariana  (Mill.)  B.  S.  P.  Black  Spruce.  P.  nigra  Link.  Frequent  north- 
ward, and  occasional  south — a  small  tree  in  spagnous  swamps.  Th. 

TSUGA  Carriere. 

*108.  T.  Canadensis  (L.)  Carriere.  Hemlock.  Grand  Ledge.  Rarely  seen  south 
of  latitude  439  except  in  the  west,  and  scarce  on  the  Huron  shore,  but  common  on 
the  east  shore  of  Lake  Michigan;  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon,  and  from  the  central 
part  of  the  State  northward.  Very  abundant  and  of  great  size  in  Emmet  Co.  Th. 
except  in  S.  E. 

ABIES  Juss. 

109.  A.  balsamea  (L.)  Miller.  Balsam  or  Balm-of-Gilead  Fir.  Frequent  in  the 
northern  part  of  Clare  Co.;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  abundant  at  Petoskey,  and 
northward.  N.  C.  &  U.  P. 

THUJA  L.   THUYA. 

110.  T.  occidentalis  L.  Arbor  Vitae.  White  Cedar.  Lake  Orion,  Whitmore  Lake. 
C.  A.  Davis;  Montcalm  Co.,  and  northward. 


40  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF   SCIENCE. 

JUNIPERUS    L. 

*111.  J.  communis  L.  Common  Juniper.  Occasional  throughout,  along  the  high- 
est grounds. 

112.  J.  nana  Willd.     J.  Sibirica  Burgsd.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;    Man- 
istee,  F.   P.   Daniels;    common  in  Jackson,  Livingston   and  Washtenaw   Counties, 
C.  A.  Davis. 

113.  J.  Sabina  L.     Shrubby  Red   Cedar.     /.    SaMna  procumbens  Pursh.    Little 
Traverse  Bay,  W.  J.  B.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  and  Rochester,  O.  A.  Farwell.    N.  &  U.  P. 

*114.  J.  Virginiana  L.  Red  Cedar.  Savin.  Bluffs  and  sterile  soil.  Throughout, 
but  scarce. 

TAXACE.E  Lindl.     Yew  Family. 
TAXUS   L. 

115.  T.     Ca'nadensis    Marsh.     American    Yew.     Ground     Hemlock.      T.    minor 
(Michx.)  Britton.     Moist  woods  in  the  shade  of  evergreens.     Along  the  east  shore 
of  Lake  Michigan  as  far  south  as  South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Macomb  Co.,  where  it 
is  rare.     St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.     Common  northward. 

TYPHACEJE  J.  St.  Hil.     Cat-tail  Family. 

TYPHA    L. 

116.  T.  angustifolia  L.     Narrow-leaved  Cat-tail  Flag.    Detroit,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons; 
Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Ann  Arbor  and  Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M. 
Bradford;  S.  E.    Rare. 

*117.  T.  latifolia  L.  Common  Cat-tail.  Borders  of  streams  and  ponds.  Common. 
Th. 

SPARGANIACE.E  Agardh.     Bur-Reed  Family. 

SPARGANIUM    L. 

118.  S.  androcladum  (Engelm.)  Morong.  Branching  Bur-reed.  S.  simplex  and- 
rocladum  Engelm.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Flint,  Dr.  Clark;  Macomb  Co.; 
St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*119.  S.  eurycarpum  Engelm.  Broad  Fruited  Bur-reed.  Borders  of  ponds.  Fre- 
quent. C.  &  S. 

120.  S.  minimum  Fries.  Small  Bur-reed.  Hubbardston;  Manistee,  E.  J.  Hill; 
Macomb  Co.;  Homestead,  Benzie  Co.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Rare. 

*121.  S.  simplex  Hudson.  Simple-stemmed  Bur-reed.  Fruitport,  E.  J.  Hill; 
Oscoda;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Black  River,  B.  &  K.  Common.  Th. 

122.  S.   simplex  angustifolium    (Michx.)    Engelm.      Isle   Royale,   Whitney  Cat.; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  N.  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Agassiz. 

NAIAD ACEJE  Lindl.     Pondweed  Family. 
POTAMOGETON    L. 

123.  P.  alpinus  Balbis.     Northern  Pondweed.    P.  rufescens  Schrad.     N.  &  U.  P. 
*124.     P.  amplifolius  Tuckerman.    Large-leaved  Pondweed.    Maple  River;  Macomb 

Co.;  Pere  Marquette  River  at  Ludington,  E.  J.  Hill;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

125.  P.   diversifolius   Raf.      Rafmesque's   Pondweed.     P.    hybridus   Michx.     Dr. 
A.  B.  Lyons ;  Keweenaw  Co..  O.  A.  Farwell. 

126.  P.  fihformis  Pers.     Filiform  Pondweed.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*127.  P.  foliosus  Raf.  Leafy  Pondweed.  P.  pauciflorus  Pursh.  Hubbardston, 
Grand  Rapids,  Flint,  Macomb  Co.,  and  northward.  Typical  forms  occur  at  Manistee 
and  Frankfort,  E.  J.  Hill.  Th. 

128.  P.  foliosus  Niagarensis.  (Tuckerman)  Morong.  In  running  water,  Hub- 
bardston; Macomb  Co.,  and  along  the  great  lakes. 

*129.  P.  Friesii  Ruprecht.  Fries'  Pondweed.  P.  mucronatus  Schrad.  Crooked 
River,  Cheboygan  Co.,  and  common  at  Manistee  and  Frankfort,  E.  J.  Hill;  Oscoda. 
St.  Mary's  River,  Sault  de  Ste  Marie;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*130.     P.  heterophyllus  Schreb.    Various-leafed  Pondweed.     Th. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  41 

131.  P.  heterophyllus  graminifolius  (Fries)  Morong.    P.  gramineus  graminifolius 
Flint,  Macomb  Co.;  St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge,  and  northward. 

132.  P.   heterophyllus   longipedunculatus   Morong.     Woodward   Lake,    Ionia   Co., 
Fries.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Bear  Lake,  Van  Buren  Co.,  E.  J.  Hill;  Black  Lake, 
Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. 

133.  P.  Hillii  Morong.     Hill's  Pondweed.     Marquette  Co.,  E.  J.  Hill;   St.  Clair 
Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

134.  P.  Illinoensis  Morong.     Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

135.  P.  intermptus  Kitaibel.     Interrupted  Pondweed.    Manistee,  E.  J.  Hill;  Port 
Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

136.  P.  lateralis  Morong.     Opposite-leafed  Pondweed.     Bear  Lake,  Van  Buren 
Co.,  E.  J.  Hill;  St.  Clair  Lake  &  River,  C.  K.  Dodge.    Rare. 

*137.  P.  lonchites  Tuckerman.  Long-leafed  Pondweed.  P.  fluitans  Roth.  Hub- 
bardston;  Macomb  Co.;  Detroit  River,  D.  H.  Campbell;  Portage  Lake,  Crawford 
Co.;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels.  Infrequent.  L.  P. 

*13S.  P.  lucens  L.  Shining.  Pond  weed.  Muskegon  River,  near  Houghton  Lake; 
Flint;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Detroit  River,  D.  H.  Campbell;  Lake  Superior,  Agas- 
siz.  Th. 

139.     P.  marinus  L.     Crystal  Lake  near  Frankfort,  Benzie  Co.,  E.  J.  Hill;    St. 
Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*140.     P.  natans  L.    Common  Floating  Pondweed.    Ponds.    Frequent.    Th. 

141.  P.  Nuttallii  Cham.  &  Sch.     P.  Pennsylvanicus  Cham.     Ionia  Co.;   Macomb 
Co.,  Dr.  D.  Cooley;  Fruitport,  E.  J.  Hill;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Th. 

142.  P.   obtusifolius   Mertens  &   Koch.      Blunt-leafed    Pondweed.     "Floating  in 
Gratiot  Lake,  N.  Mich."     Gray's  Manual.     St.  Clair  Co.,  J.  W.  Stacey. 

*143.     P.  pectinatus  L.     Fennel-leafed  Pondweed.     Frequent.     Th. 

*144.  P.  perfoliatus  L.  Clasping-leafed  Pondweed.  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Ingham  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler,  and  northward.  Common. 

146.     P.  perfoliatus  Richardsonii  A.  Bennett.     P.  perfolatus  lanceolatus  Robbins. 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*147.  P.  praelongus  Wulfen.  White-stemmed  Pondweed.  Maple  River;  Pine 
Lake,  Ingham  Co.;  Black  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.  Common.  Th. 

148.     P.  pusillus  L.     Small  Pondweed.     Manistee  Lake,  E.  J.  Hill;  Detroit  River, 
D.  H.  Campbell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  St.  Clair  Lake  and  River,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*149.  P.  Robbinsii  Oakes.  Robbins'  Pondweed.  North  shore  of  Lake  Superior; 
Pine  Lake,  seven  miles  N.  E.  of  the  Agricultural  College,  the  only  station  known 
in  the  L.  P.,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

151.  P.  rutilis  Wolfg.     Slender  Pondweed.     Detroit  River,  between  PechQ  Isle 
and  Belle  Isle,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Round  Lake,  near  Jackson;  St.  Clair  Lake  &  River, 
C.  K.  Dodge. 

152.  P.  spathulaeformis    (Robbins)    Morong.     Spatulate-leafed  Pondweed.     New 
Baltimore,  Lake  St.  Clair,  A.  J.  Pieters,  J.  W.  Stacey. 

153.  P.  Spirillus  Tuckerman.     Spiral  Pondweed.     "Lake  Superior,"   A.   Gray's 
Manual;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  St.  Clair  Lake  and  River,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

154.  P.  Vaseyi  Robbins.    St.  Clair  Lake  and  River,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Algonac,  W.  S. 
Cooper. 

*155.  P.  Zizii  Roth.  Ziz's  Pondweed.  P.  angustifolius  Berch  &  Presl.  Crystal 
Lake,  near  Frankfort;  Bear  Lake,  Manistee  Co.,  E.  J.  Hill;  Crystal  Lake,  Montcalm 
Co.;  Woodward  Lake,  Ionia  Co.;  Detroit  River,  D.  H.  Campbell.  Infrequent. 

*156.     P.  zosteraefolius  Schum.     Eel-grass.     Pondweed.     Common.     Th. 

ZANNICHELLIA    t. 

157.     Z.  palustris  L.     Zannichellia.     Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons,  Detroit;   Bay  City,  G.  M. 
Bradford.     Rare. 

NAIAS    L. 

*158.  N.  fiexilis  (Willd.)  Rost.  &  Schmidt.  Slender  Naias.  Ponds.  Frequent. 
Th. 

*159.  N.  fiexilis  robusta  Morong.  South  Haven,  Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co.,  Bailey; 
St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

160.     ft.  marina  L.     Large  Naias.    Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark. 

6 


42  .         MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

SCHEUCHZERIACE^E  Agardh.     Arrow-Grass  Family. 
TRIGLOCHIN   L. 

161.  T.  maritima  L.     Seaside  Arrow-grass.     Shores  of  Great  Lakes;  borders  of 
deer  licks  in  interior;  Macomb  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Hubbardston,  Petoskey, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

162.  T.  palustris  L.    Marsh  Arrow-grass.    Marshes.    Frequent.    Th. 

SCHEUCHZERIA    L. 

163.  S.  palustris  L.     S.  W.     Wright  Cat;   Macomb  Co.,  Cooley;   Hubbardston; 
Montcalm  Co.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Infrequent. 

ALISMACEJE  D  C.     Water-Plantain  Family. 
ALISMA    L.     Water-Plantain. 

*164.     A.  plantago-aquatica  L.    Water  Plantain.     Shallow  water.     Common.    Th. 
'  165.     A.  tenellum  Mart.    Dwarf  Water  Plantain.    EcMnodorus  parvulus  Engelm. 
A.  B.  Lyons;  Gray's  Manual,  6th  edition. 

SAGITTARIA   L. 

*166.  S.  arifolia  Nutt.  Arum-leaved  Arrow-head.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  St.  Clair 
Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

167.     S.  cristata  Engelm.    Crested  Arrow-head.    St.  Clair  Co.,  and  Sarnia,  C.  K. 
Dodge. 

*168.  S.  graminea  Michx.  Grass-leaved  Sagittaria.  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons,  Detroit; 
Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co.,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell.  S. 

*169.  S.  heterophylla  Pursh.  Elk  Rapids,  Winch.  Cat.;  Detroit,  D.  H.  Campbell; 
Alma,  Chas.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

*170.  S.  latifolia  Willd.  Broad-leaved  Arrow-head.  Wet  places.  Th.  8.  varia- 
bilis  Engelm. 

171.     S.  rigida  Pursh.     S.  heterophylla  rigida  Engelm.     Fruitport,  E.  J.  Hill; 
Great  Lakes. 

VALLISNERIACEJE  Dumort.     Tape-Grass  Family 
PHILOTRIA   Raf.     (Elodea  Michx.) 

*172.  P.  Canadensis  (Michx.)  Britton.  Water-weed.  Elodea  Ganadensis  Michx. 
Slow  streams.  Common.  Th. 

VALLISNERIA   L. 

*173.  V.  spiralis  L.  Tape-grass.  Eel-grass.  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  S.  Haven, 
Bailey;  Hubbardston,  to  Petoskey;  Lake  Superior,  Agassiz.  Slow  streams.  Com- 
mon in  Grand  River  and  tributaries.  Th. 

GRAMINEA  Juss.     Grass  Family. 
ANDROPOGON    L. 

*174.    A.  furcatus  Muhl.    Forked  Beard-grass.    Light  soil.    Common.     Th. 
*175.    A.  scoparius  Michx.    Broom  Beard-grass.    Sterile  soil.     Frequent,  L.  P. 
176.     A.  scoparius  multiramea  Hack.     Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

SORGHASTRUM  Nash.    CBYSOPOGON  Benth.    Not  Trin. 

*177.  S.  avenaceum  (Michx.)  Nash.  Indian  Grass.  Chrysopogon  avenaceus 
Benth.  Dry  banks  and  sandy  fields.  Variable.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  43 

PASPALUM    L. 

178.  P.  laeve  Michx.    S.  W.    H.  S.  Pepoon.    Rare. 

179.  P.  Muhlenbergii  Nash.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*180.     P.  setaceum  Michx.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

SYNTHERISMA  Walt.     PANICTJM    L.  in  part. 

*181.  S.  linearis  (Krock.)  Nash.  Small  Crab-grass.  Panicum  glaorum  Gaudin. 
Waste  places.  Common. 

*182.  S.  sanguinalis  (L.)  Dulac.  Large  Crab-grass.  Panicum  sanguinale  L. 
Waste  places,  gardens  and  fields.  A  bad  weed,  difficult  to  dig  up  or  pull  out;  grows 
quickly  and  is  perhaps  the  worst  weed  we  have  in  gardens,  at  least  in  some  local- 
ities. S.  linearis  grows  in  the  same  situations  but  is  smaller  and  easily 
eradicated.  Th. 

ECHINOCHLOA  Beauv.     PANICUM  L.  in  part. 

*183.  E.  Crus-galli  (L.)  Beauv.  Barnyard-grass.  Panicum  Crus-galli  L.  Low 
grounds.  Variable.  Common. 

*184.  E.  Walteri  (Pursh.)  Nash.  Salt-marsh  Cockspur  Grass.  P.  Crus-galli 
hispidum  Ell.  Low  river  bank  near  Hubbardston  where  it  appears  to  be  indige- 
nous, C.  F.  Wheeler.  Common  along  streams.  L.  P. 

PANICUM    L. 

185.  P.  boreale  Nash.  N9rthern  Panicum.  Grand  Rapids,  Miss  E.  J.  Cole; 
Traverse  City,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*186.  P.  capillare  L.  Old-witch  Grass.  Sandy  soil,  fields.  The  spreading  panicle 
is  easily  broken  off  and  blown  about  by  the  wind.  Common.  Th. 

*187.  P.  clandestinum  L.  Hispid  Panicum.  Low  grounds.  Macomb  Co.;  Flint, 
Hubbardston;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Rare. 

*188.     P.  Columbianum  Scribn.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*189.  P.  commutatum  Schultes.  Variable  Panicum.  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  St. 
Clair  Co.,  J.  W.  Stacey.  Dry  woods. 

*190.  P.  depauperatum  Muhl.  Capac,  W.  S.  Cooper.  Starved  Panicum.  Dry 
woods  and  barrens.  Common.  Th. 

*191.  P.  dichotomum  L.  Forked  Panicum.  Dry  or  low  grounds.  A  very  com- 
mon and  exceedingly  variable  grass.  Some  forms  seem  distinct  enough  to  be 
considered  species.  The  most  common  forms  are; 

*192.     P.  dichotomum  commune  S.  Wats. 

*193.    P.  dichotomum  fasciculatum  S.  Wats. 

*194.    P.  dichotomum  gracile  S.  Wats.'   Th. 

195.  P.  agrostoides  Muhl.    Long  Panicum.     Specimen  in  the  College  Herb.,  col- 
lected by  Dr.  Cooley,  at  Washington,  Macomb  Co.    Only  locality  known  in  the  State. 

196.  P.  flexile    (Gattinger)      Scrib.     Wiry  Panicum.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;   Manchester,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*196a.  P.  macrocarpon  Le  Conte.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*197.    P.  implicatum  Scribn.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*198.  P.  maculatum  Ashe.  "Formerly  included  in  P.  dichotomum."  St.  Clair 
Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

199.  P.    polyanthes    Schul.     Small-fruited    Panicum.     P.    microcarpon    Muhl. 
Washington,  Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  Cooley. 

200.  P.  miliaceum  L.  Millet.     Detroit  and  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

201.  P.  nitidum  Lam.    Shining  Panicum.    Washington,  Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  Cooley; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  p.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

202.  P.  proliferum  Lam.     Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

*203.  P.  Porterianum  Nash.  Porters  Panicum.  P.  latifolium  Walt.  Rich  woods. 
Northward  to  Oscoda  Co.  Common.  L.  P. 

*204.    P.  pubescens  Lam.    Hairy  Panicum.    Common.    C.  &  S. 

*205.  P.  Scribnerianum  Nash.  Scribner's  Panicum.  P.  scoparium  S.  Wats.  Not 
Lam.  Hubbardston.  Along  the  R.  R.  between  St.  Johns  and  Muir,  northward  to 
Baldwin;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell.  Frequent  in  light  sandy 
soil.  Th. 

*206.    P.  sphaerocarpon  Ell.     Round-fruited  Panicum.     P.  microcarpon  spHaero- 


44  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

1        carpon  (Ell.)   Beal.     Jackson,  S.  H.  Camp;   Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;   St.  Glair  Co., 
J.  W.  Stacey;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*207.  P.  virgatum  L.  Tall  Smooth  Panicum.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Ionia,  Flint; 
Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels.  A  tall  coarse  grass  along  rivers.  Infrequent.  Th. 

208.  P.  xanthophysum  A.  Gray.  Slender  Panicum.  N.  &  U.  P.  Grand  Trav- 
erse Co.,  Indian  River  and  Black  Lake;  Cheboygan  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Alma,  C.  A. 
Davis;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Northward  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

CHAETOCHLOA  Scribn.    SETARIA  Beauv. 

*209.  C.  glauca  (L.)  Scrib.  Yellow  Foxtail.  Setaria  glauca  Beauv.  Cultivated 
Fields.  Common.  Th. 

*210.  C.  Italica  (L.)  Scrib.  Hungarian  Grass,  Italian  or  German  Millet.  Setaria 
Italica  R.  &  S.  Persisting  after  cultivation. 

211.  C.  verticillata  (L.)  Scribn.  Setaria  verticillata  Beauv.  Ypsilanti,  0.  A. 
Farwell. 

*212.  C.  viridis  (L.)  Scrib.  Green  Foxtail.  Setaria  viridis  Beauv.  Cultivated 
fields.  Common.  Th. 

CENCHRUS    L. 

*213.  C.  tribuloides  L.  Sand-bur.  Bur-grass.  This  bad  weed  has  begun  to 
occupy  the  S.  part  of  the  State,  as  far  north  as  Bay  City.  Not  as  yet  troublesome 
in  fields,  but  likely  to  become  so  on  sandy  farms. 

ZIZANIA    L. 

214.  Z.  aquatica  L.  Indian  Rice.  Water  Oats.  Borders  of  large  streams  and 
lakes.  Yields  an  edible  grain,  gathered  by  the  Indians,  and  greedily  eaten  by  wild 
ducks  which  haunt  lakes  and  rivers  during  its  ripening  in  innumerable  num- 
bers. Th. 

HOMALOCENCHRUS   Mieg.      (LEERSIA  Sw.) 

*215.  H.  oryzoides  (L.)  Poll.  Rice  Cut-grass.  L.  oryzoides  Sm.  Ditches  and 
wet  lands.  Frequent.  Th. 

*216.  H.  Virginicus  (Willd.)  Britton.  White  Grass.  L.  Virginica  Willd.  Wet 
woods  and  river  banks.  Th. 

PHALARIS  L. 

*217.  P.  arundinacea  L.  Reed  Canary-grass.  Borders  of  streams,  "var.  picta, 
the  leaves  striped  with  white,  is  the  familiar  ribbon-grass  of  the  garden,"  Gray's 
Manual.  Ann  Arbor,  Prof.  M.  W.  Harrington;  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.; 
Flint;  Hubbardston;  northward  to  L.  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.  Th. 

218.     P.  Canariensis  L.     Canary-grass.     Occasionally  found  in  waste  places. 

ANTHOXANTHUM  L. 

*219.  A.  odoratum  L.  Sweet  Vernal-grass.  Ionia;  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.; 
well  established  in  the  College  lawn.  Rare. 

SAVASTANA    Schrank.      HIEROCHLOE   Gmel. 

220.  S.  odorata    (L.)    Scribn.     Holy  Grass.     Hierochloe  lorealis  R.  &  S.     Not 
confined  to  the  shores  of  the  Great  Lakes;  rarely  found  in  the  central  part  of  the 
State.     Ionia,  Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  S.  E.,  Winch.  Cat.; 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     More  common  northward.    Th. 

ARISTIDA  L. 

221.  A.  gracilis  Ell.     Slender  Aristida.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.   Dodge;    near  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

222.  A.  purpurascens  Poir.     Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  45 

STIPA   L.     Feather-grass. 

223.     S.  avenacea  L.    Black  Oat-grass.    S.  W.,  Wright  Cat;  South  Haven,  Bailey; 

Baldwin;   Dundee;  Cass  Co.;   Point  Aux  Pins,  Macoun  Can.  Cat.     Infrequent.     Th. 

*224.     S.  spartea   Trin.     Porcupine-grass.     Dry  plains.     S.   Mich.,  Wright  Cat; 

Macomb  Co.;   shore  of  Woodward  Lake,  Ionia  Co.;   hills  along  Grand  River  near 

Ionia;   Ann  Arbor,  Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 

ORYZOPSIS  Michx. 

*225.  0.  asperifolia  Michx.  White-grained  Mountain  Rice.  Hillsides.  Common. 
226.  0.  juncea  (Michx.)  B.  S.  P.  Slender  Mountain  Rice.  0.  Canadensis  Torr. 
Sterile  soil.  S.  E.,  Wright  Cat.;  Hubbardston;  Montcalm  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis;  Macomb 
Co.;  common  in  Clare  Co.;  frequent  from  Ionia  northward.  Th. 

*227.  0.  melanocarpa  Muhl.  Black-fruited  Mountain  Rice.  Woods.  S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat;  S.  Haven;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

MILIUM  L. 
*228.     M.  effusum  L.     Tall  Millet-grass.    Woods.     Frequent.     Th. 

MUHLENBERGIA  Schreber. 

*229.  M.  diffusa  Willd.  Nimble  Will.  Open  woods,  becoming  frequent  around 
dwellings.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  So.  Haven,  Bailey;  Flint;  Hubbardston;  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  C.  &  S. 

*230.  M.  Mexicana  (L.)  Trin.  Meadow  Muhlenbergia.  Low  grounds.  Variable. 
Frequent.  Th. 

*231.  M.  racemosa  (Michx.)  B.  S.  P.  Marsh  Muhlenbergia.  M.  glomerata  Trin. 
Marshes.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*232.  M.  sylvatica  Torr.  Wood  Muhlenbergia.  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Lake 
Superior,  Agassiz.  Frequent.  Th. 

*233.  M.  tenuiflora  (Willd.)  B.  S.  P.  Slender  Muhlenbergia.  M.  Willdenovii  Trin. 
Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat;  Muskegon,  C.  F.  Wheeler.  Rare.  C.  S. 

BRACHYELYTRUM  Beauv. 
*234.     B.  erectum   (Schreb.)     Beauv.     B.  aristatum  Beauv.     Woods.     Frequent 

PHLEUM  L. 

235.     P.  alpinum  L.     Mountain  Timothy.     L.  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*236.     P.  pratense  L.     Timothy.     Herd's-Grass.     Meadows  everywhere. 

ALOPECURUS  L. 

*237.  A.  geniculatus  L.  Marsh  Foxtail.  A.  geniculatus  aristulatus  Torr.  S. 
Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Th. 

*238.     A.  pratensis  L.     Meadow  Foxtail.     Cultivated  from  Europe  and  escaped. 

SPOROBOLUS  R.  Br. 

239.  S.  brevifolius  (Nutt.)  Nash.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

240.  S.  cryptandrus  (Torr.)    A.  Gray.     Sand  Dropseed.     S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat; 
Point  Edward,  River  St.  Glair,  Macoun;   Bay  City,  W.  J.  B.;  shore  of  Gull  Lake, 
Augusta,  Kalamazoo  Co.     Infrequent.     C.  &  S. 

*241.  S.  neglectus  Nash.  Small  Rush-grass.  Frequent.  Lansing,  S'augatuck, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

242.     S.  serotinus  (Torr.)  A.  Gray.     Late-flowered  Dropseed.     Sandy  wet  places, 
Gray's  Manual;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Rare. 

*243.  S.  vaginaeflorus  (Torr.)  Wood..  Sheathed  Rush-grass.  Flint;  Detroit,  Dr. 
A.  B.  Lyons;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Rare.  C.  &  S. 

CINNA  L. 

*244.     C.  arundinacea  L.     Low  grounds.     Frequent. 

*245.  C.  latifolia  (Trev.)  Griseb.  Slender  Wood  Reed-grass.  C.  pendula  Trin. 
Wet  woods  throughout 


46  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OP  SCIENCE. 

AGROSTIS  L. 

*246.    A.  alba  L.    Florin  or  White  Bent-grass.    Red  Top.    A.  alba,  vulgaris  Thur- 
ber.     Naturalized  from  Europe.     A  common  pasture  and  meadow  grass. 

*247.     A.  alba  stolonifera   (L.)   Vasey.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*248.     A.  canina  L.     Brown  Bent-grass.     Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.,  Ronald,  Ionia 
Co.     Infrequent. 

*249.     A.  coarctata  Bhrh.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

.*250.     A.  hyemalis  (Walt.)  B.  S.  P.    Rough  Hair-grass.  A.  scabra  Willd.  Marshes 
and  sterile  soil.    Common.    Th. 

*251.     A.  perennans  (Walt.)  Tuckerman.    Thin-grass.    Swamps  and  damp  woods 
S.  Mich.,  Wright;  Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston.     Infrequent. 

*252.     A.  pseudo-intermedia  O.  A.  Farwell.     New  name  for  A.  intermedia  Scribn. 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

CALAMAGROSTIS  Adans. 

*253.     C.  Canadensis  (Michx.)    Beauv.    Blue- Joint.     Common. 

254.  C.  confinis  (Willd.)  Nutt.    Bog  Reed-grass.  G.  Lapponica  Trin.    Isle  Royale, 
Lake  Superior,  T.  C.  Porter;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

255.  C.  Langsdorfii  (Link.)    Trin.     Langsdorf's  Reed-grass.     Isle  Royale,  T.  C. 
Porter. 

256.  C.  neglecta  (Ehrh.)  Gaertn.    Narrow  Reed-grass.    C.  stricta  Beauv.    Flint, 
D.  Clark;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon;  and  northward  to  Lake  Superior,  A.  Gray.    Rare. 

AMMOPHILA  Host. 

257.  A.  arenaria  (L.)    Link.     Sea  Sand-reed.    N.  &  U.  P.   A.  arundinacea  Host. 
This  is  one  of  the  few  plants  found  both  by  the  ocean  and  the  shores  of  the  Great 
Lakes,  Petoskey;  Point  au  Chene,  Winch.  Cat.;  shores  of  Lake  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 
Infrequent. 

CALAMOVILFA  Hack. 

258.  C.  longifolia  (Hook.)    Hack.  Long-leaved  Reed-grass.     Calamagrostis  longi- 
folia  Hook.    Sand  dunes  along  L.  Michigan.    S.  Haven,  Bailey;  Petoskey;  Point  au 
Chene,  Winch.  Cat;  Oscoda.    Th. 

APERA  Adans. 
*259.     A.  Spica-venti  L.    Beauv.    College  lawn. 

DESCHAMPSIA  Beauv. 

*260.     D.  caespitosa  (L.)  Beauv.    Tufted  Hair-grass.     In  bogs.    Frequent.    Th. 

261.  D.  flexuosa    (L.)    Trin.    Common  Hair-grass.     Oscoda;    Baldwin,  to  Lake 
Superior;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

TRISETUM  Pers. 

262.  T.   subspicatum    (L.)    Beauv.     Narrow   False-oat.     T.   subspicatum  molle 
A.  Gray.    Marquette,  E.  J.  Hill;  Whitney's  Cat.    Common.   U.  P. 

AVENA  L. 

263.  A.  Smithii  Porter.    Smith's  Oat.    Melica  Smithii  Vasey.    Keweenaw  Point; 
Isle  Royale,  Dr.  Robbins,  in  Gray's  Man.;  woods  near  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  C.  E.  Smith; 
shore  of  Crystal  Lake,  Benzie  Co.,  L.  H.  Dewey;  Vanderbilt,  Otsego  Co.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

**264.     A.  striata  Michx.     Oat  Grass.     Woods.     Infrequent. 

ARRHENATHERUM  Beauv. 

*265.     A.  elatius    (L.)    Beauv.    Tall  Oat-grass.   A.  avenaceum  Beauv.     Bay  Co., 
Macomb  Co.     Escaped  from  cultivation. 

DANTHONIA  DC. 

266.     D.  intermedia  Vasey.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*267.     D.  spicata   (L.)    Beauv.     Wild  Oat-grass.     Sterile  soil.     Frequent.     Th. 


SEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  47 

CAPRIOLA  Adans.     CYNODON  Rich. 

*268.  C.  Dactylon  (L.)  Kuntze.  Bermuda-grass.  Near  the  depot  of  the  Chicago 
and  Grand  Trunk  R.  R.  in  Lansing. 

SPARTINA  Schreb. 

*269.  S.  cynosuroides  (L.)  Willd.  Fresh-water  Cord-grass.  Banks  of  rivers, 
to  N.  Shore  L.  Superior,  Agassiz.  Tuscola  and  Washtenaw.  Th. 

ATHEROPOGON  Muhl.     BOUTELOUA  Lagasca.  in  part. 

270.  A.  curtipendulus  (Michx.)  Fourn.  Bouteloua  racemosa  Lag.  Dry  plains. 
S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.,  on  farm  of  L.  D.  Watkins,  Manchester;  Sturgis, 
F.  P.  Daniels. 

ELEUSINE  Gaertn. 

*271.  E.  Indica  (L.)  Gaertn.  Dog's-tail  or  Wire-grass.  S.  &  C.  Ionia  Co.; 
South  Haven,  Bailey;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.  Infrequent.  S.  &  C. 

PHRAGMITES  Trin. 

*272.  P.  Phragmites  (L.)  Karst.  Reed.  P.  communis  Trin.  Swamps.  Infre- 
quent. Th. 

TRICUSPIS  Beauv.     TEIODIA  R.  Br.,  in  part. 

273.  T.     seslerioides     (Michx.)     Torr.      Tall   Red-top.       Triodia  cuprea  Jacq.   S. 
Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.    S.  E. 

TRIPLASIS  Beauv.     TRIODIA  R.  Br.,  in  part. 

274.  T.  purpurea    (Walt.)    Chapm.     Sand-grass.     Shore  of  Lake  Erie,  Monroe 
Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  shore  of  Lake  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

ERAGROSTIS  Beauv. 

275.  E.  capillaris   (L.)   Nees.     Capillary  Eragrostis.     Coleman's  Cat;   S.  Mich., 
Wright's  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  M.  W.  Harrington.    Rare. 

*276.     E.  Eragrostis  (L.)  Karst.    Low  Eragrostis.    Eragrostis  minor  Host. 

*277.  E.  Frankii  Steud.  Frank's  Eragrostis.  Roadsides  in  low  ground.  Hub- 
bardston;  Gratiot  Co.;  Grand  Rapids;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

*278.  E.  hypnoides  (Lam.)  B.  S.  P.  Creeping  Eragrostis.  E.  reptans  Nees. 
Gravelly  borders  of  streams.  Common. 

*279.  E.  major  Host.  Stink  Grass.  Waste  places  and  gardens,  a  common 
weed.  Th. 

280.  E.  pectinacea   (Michx.)    Steud.     Purple  Eragrostis.     E.  pectinacea  specta- 
Mlis  A.  Gray.     Dry  sandy  ground.     S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.    Reaches  its  northern 
limits  at  Howard  City.     Infrequent.     C.  &  S. 

281.  E.  pilosa  (L.)  Beauv.     Tufted  Eragrostis.    Grand  Rapids,  Coleman's  Cat; 
Macomb  Co.;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

282.  E.  Purshii  Schrad.     Pursh's  Eragrostis.     Norway,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Roches- 
ter, W.  A.  Brotherton  and  J.  W.  Stacey;   Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;   Bay  Co.,  G.  M. 
Bradford.     I  see  no  way  of  distinguishing, this  species  from  E.  pilosa  (L.)  Beauv. 
and  believe  them  to  be  the  same. 

EATONIA    Raf. 

*283.  E.  nitida  (Spreng.)  Nash.  Slender  Eatonia.  E.  Dudleyi  Vasey.  Hub- 
bardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Orion,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Rare. 

*284.  E.  obtusata  (Michx.)  A.  Gray.  Blunt-scaled  Eatonia.  S.  E.,  Wright  Cat.; 
Flint;  Hubbardston,  northward.  Rare. 

*285.    E.  Pennsylvanica   (DC.)  A.  Gray.     Moist  woods.     Common.     Th. 

KOELERIA  Pers. 
*286.     K.  cristata  (L.)  Pers.     Dry  hills.    Frequent.    Th. 


48  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

KORYCARPUS  Zea.     DIARRHENA  Raf. 

*287.  K.  diandrus  (Michx.)  Kuntze.  Diarrhena  American  Beauv.  S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.;  Flint;  Hubbardston.  Reaches  its  northern  limits  in  Ionia  Co.  Rare. 

BRIZA  L. 

288.  B.  media  L.     Quaking  Grass.    Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford,  C.  A.  Davis. 

CYNOSURUS  L. 

289.  Cynosurus  cristatus  L.    Dog's-tail  Grass.     Scarce. 

DACTYLIS  L. 

*290.  D.  glomerata  L.  Cock's  Foot.  Orchard  Grass.  Escaped  from  cultivation 
and  becoming  frequent. 

POA  L. 

291.  P.  alpina  L.  Alpine  Spear-grass.  U.  P.  Isle  Royale,  C.  G.  Loring,  Jr.,  in 
Gray's  Manual;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  U.  P. 

*292.     P.   alsodes  A.   Gray.     Grove   Meadow-grass.     Banks  of   brooks,   flowering 
early.     Flint;  Hubbardston;   Inland,  Grand  Traverse  Co.     Infrequent.     L.  P. 
*293.     P.  annua  L.     Low  Spear-grass.     Low  grounds.    Common.     Th. 

294.  P.  autumnalis  Muhl.  Flexuous  Spear-grass.  P.  flexuosa  Muhl.  Swamps. 
Hubbardston;  Constantine,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Flint,  Dr.  Clark;  Rochester,  0.  A. 
Farwell. 

*295.  P.  compressa  L.  Wire-grass.  Blue  Grass  (of  N.  Eng.  and  N.  Y.).  Dry 
fields.  Common.  Th. 

*296.     P.   debilis   Torr.     Weak   Spear-grass.     Hillsides.     S.   Mich.,  Winch.   Cat.; 
Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston  to  N.  Shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Macoun.     Infrequent.   Th. 
*297.     P.  flava  L.     Fowl  Meadow-grass.    P.  serotina  Ehrh.     Wet  meadows,  where 
it  is  a  valuable  grass,  sometimes  mistaken  for  Red-top,  Agrostis  aba.    Th. 

298.  P.  glauca  Vahl.  Glaucous  Spear-grass.  Near  Grayling;  Isle  Royale;  Ke- 
weenaw Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

300.  P.  nemoralis  L.  Wood  Meadow-grass.  P.  caesia  strictoir  A.  Gray.  Through- 
out N.  Mich.  Infrequent  except  in  the  north. 

*301.     P.  pratensis  L.    Kentucky  Blue  Grass.    June  Grass.   Pastures  and  meadows. 

302.  P.  sylvestris  A.  Gray.     Sylvan  Spear-grass.     Low  woods.     S.  Mich.,  Winch. 
Cat;   Flint;  Hubbardston.    Rare.     C.  &  S. 

303.  P.  trivialis   L.     Roughish   Meadow-Grass.      S.   Mich.,   Wright  Cat.;    Flint. 
Sparingly  in  cultivation. 

GRAPHEPHORUM  Desv. 

*304.  G.  melicoideum  (Michx.)  Beauv.  River  banks.  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hub- 
bardston;  Petoskey;  Grand  Detour,  Upper  Michigan,  Prof.  Porter.  Rare  South, 
abundant  at  Pic  River,  Macoun.  Th. 

305.  G.  melicoides  major  A.  Gray.  Swamps.  Hubbardston;  Washington,  Ma- 
comb Co. 

PANICULARIA  Fabr.     GLYCERIA  R.  Br. 

*306.  P.  Americana  (Torr.)  MacM.  Tall  Manna-grass.  Glyceria  grandis  S. 
Wats.  Common.  Th. 

*307.  P.  Canadensis  (Michx.)  Kuntze.  Rattlesnake-grass.  Glyceria  Canadensis 
Trin.  Borders  of  marshes.  S.  W.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Flint;  Ionia  Co.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*308.  P.  fluitans  (L.)  Kuntze.  Floating  Manna-grass.  Glyceria  fluitans  R.  Br. 
Shallow  water.  Common.  Th. 

308a.  P.  laxa  Scribn.  Northern  Manna-grass.  Muskegon,  W.  J.  B.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*309.  P.  nervata  (Willd.)  Kuntze.  Nerved  Manna-grass.  Glyceria  nervata  Trin. 
Very  variable.  Woods  and  wet  meadows.  Th. 

*310.  P.  pallida  (Torr.)  Kuntze.  Pale  Manna-grass.  Glyceria  pallida  Trin. 
Constantine,  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee  and  Sturgis,  F.  P. 
Daniels.  Wet  places.  Rare.  S. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  49 

PUCCINELIA  Parl. 

311.  P.  airoides  (Nutt.)  S.  Wats.  Slender  Meadow-grass.  Bay  City,  G.  M. 
Bradford.  Near  salt  works. 

FESTUCA  L. 

*312.  F.  elatior  L.  Taller  Meadow  Fescue.  F.  etotior  pratensis  A.  Gray.  Meadows 
and  roadsides. 

*313.    F.  nutans  Willd.    Nodding  Fescue-grass.    Woods.    Frequent.    L.  P. 

*314.  F.  octoflora  Walt.  Slender  Fescue-grass.  F.  tenella  Willd.  Dry  grounds. 
Infrequent.  Th. 

*315.    F.  ovina  L.    Sheep's  Fescue.    Dry  grounds.    Common.    Very  variable.   Th. 

*316.  F.  ovina  capillata  (Lam.)  Hack.  Hair-leaved  Fescue.  In  lawns.  Not  un- 
common. 

317.  F.  ovina  duriuscula  (L.)  Hack.  Hard'  Fescue.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.; 
Petoskey;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Keweenaw  Co.,  Robbins;  Isle  Royale,  Gillmari. 
Sparingly  in  cultivation.  Th. 

*318.    F.  ovina  marginata  Hack.     In  lawns.     Common. 

319.  F.  rubra  heterophylla  Hack.  Variable-leaved  Fescue.  Clifton,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Frankfort,  W.  J.  B.;  shores  of  Traverse  Bay;  Muskegon,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

.BROMUS  L. 

*320.     B.  asper  Murr.    Hairy  Brome-grass.    Gray's  Manual. 

321.  B.  breviaristatus  Thurb.  Short-awned  Chess.  First  collected  on  low  sand 
dunes  near  Bay  View  in  August,  1879,  by  C.  F.  Wheeler.  In  June,  1881,  Prof.  V.  M. 
Spalding  also  collected  this  species  near  Charlevoix.  The  farthest  station  east 
known  for  this  grass. 

322.     B.  brizaeformis  Fisch  &  Mey.     Quake-grass.     Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

*323.    B.  ciliatus  L.    Fringed  Brome-grass.    B.  purgans  L.     Frequent.    Variable. 

*324.  B.  hordeaceus  L.  Soft  Chess.  B.  mollis  L.  Agricultural  College,  W.  J.  B.; 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*325.    B.  inermis  Leyss.     Awnless  Brome-grass.     Sandy  meadows.     Spreading. 

*326.    B.  Kalmii  A.  Gray.    Wild  Chess.     Dry  open  woods.     S.  B.,  Wright's  Cat.; 
Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston;  northward  to  Quinnessec,  E.  J.  Hill.   Infrequent. 
327.    B.   racemosus  L.     Smooth  Brorne-grass.     Detroit,   0.   A.   Farwell;    Alma, 
C.  A.  Davis.    Th. 

*328.    B.  secalinus  L.     Chess.     Cheat.    Too  common  in  wheat  fields. 
328a.  B.  sterilis  L.    Barren  Brome-grass.    Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*329.  B.  tectorum  L.  Downy  Brome-grass.  Grand  Rapids.  Spreading  rapidly; 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

LOLIUM  L. 

331.  L.  perenne  L.     Common   Darnel.     Ray  or  Rye-grass.     Macomb  Co.,   Dr. 
Cooley;  Ionia  Co.;  Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford.    Scarcely  naturalized. 

332.  L.  temulentum  L.     Bearded  Darnel.    Scarcely  naturalized.    Flint;  Macomb 
Oo.;   S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat. 

AGROPYRON  Gaertn. 

*333.     A.  caninoides   (Ramalay)   Beal.     Lansing,  escaped  from  cultivation. 

334.  A.  caninum  (L.)  R.  &  S.    Awned  Wheat-grass.    Th.    S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat; 
Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston;  northward. 

335.  A.   dasystachyum    (Hook.)    Vasey.     Northern    Wheat-grass.     Common   at 
Petoskey;  N.  W.,  Winch.      Cat.;  Oscoda  and  the  sandy  shores  of  the  great  lakes; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    N.  &  U.  P. 

336.  A.  occidentale  Scribn.    Occasional.    Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

337.  A.  pseudorepens  S.  and  S.    Shores  of  Grand  Traverse  Bay,  C.  F.  Wheeler; 
St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Keweenaw  and  Marquette  counties,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*338.  A.  repens  (L.)  Beauv.  Quick-grass  or  Quack-grass.  Cultivated  grounds. 
Varies  greatly.  Sometimes  grows  to  the  exclusion  of  everything  else,  and  is  wide- 
spread enough  to  be  considered  a  pest.  Th. 

339.  A.  Richardsoni  Shreb.  Bay  View,  W.  J.  B.;  shore  of  Grand  Traverse  Bay, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


50  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

340.  A.  spicatum  (Pursh.)  Scribn.  &  Small.    Western  Wheat-grass.    Introduced 
into  Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Keweenaw  Co.,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

341.  A.  tenerum  Vasey.    Port  Huron;  along  railroads;  an  advent  from  the  west, 
C.  K.  Dodge. 

342.  A.  violaceum  (Hornem.)  Vasey.    Purplish  Wheat-grass.    Keweenaw  Penin- 
sula, Farwell;  Lake  Superior,  Porter. 

SECALE  L. 

*343.     S.  cereale  L.     Rye.     Escaped  from  cultivation. 

HORDEUM  L. 

*344.     H.  jubatum  L.     Squirrel-tail  Grass.     Sands.     N.  shore  of  Lake  Superior, 
Agassiz;  Sault  de  Ste.  Marie,  R.  Bell;  Bay  City.     Infrequent.     Th. 
345.     H.  nodosum  L.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Occasional. 

ELYMUS  L. 

*346.  E.  Canadensis  L.  Nodding  Wild  Rye.  E.  Ganadensis  glaucifolius  A.  Gray. 
River  banks.  Common.  Th. 

347.  E.  glaucus  Buckl.     Smooth  Wild  Rye.     S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.    Britton  and 
Brown.     E.   SiMricus  Am&ricanus   S.    Wats.    &    Coul.    Marquette,    Porter    in    Gray's 
Manual;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

348.  E.  mollis  Trin.     Smooth  Wild  Rye.     Shores  of  the  Great  Lakes,  Gray's 
Manual;   north  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Agassiz. 

*349.     E.  robustus  Scribn.  &  Sm.     Muskegon,  C.  D.  McLouth;  Lansing,  W.  J.  B. 

*351.  E.  striatus  Willd.  Slender  Wild  Rye.  E.  striatus  villosus  A.  Gray.  S. 
Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Flint;  Hubbardston;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  northward  to 
L.  Superior.  Th. 

*352.    E.  Virginicus  L.    Virginia  Wild  Rye.    River  banks.    Common.    Th. 

*353.     E.  Virginicus  glaucus  Beal.    Grand  River  Valley,  with  the  species.    W.  J.  B. 

HYSTRIX  Moench.     ASPRELLA  Willd. 

*354.  Hystrix  Hystrix  (L.)  Millsp.  Bottle-Brush  grass.  Th.  Asprella  Hystrix 
Willd.  Moist  woods.  A  variety  of  this  grass  is  found  in  one  locality  near  Hub- 
bardston with  smooth  and  very  glaucous  culms,  leaves  rough,  hairy. 

CYPERACE^E  J.  St.  Hil.     Sedge  Family. 

CYPERUS  L. 

*356.     C.  diandrus  Torr.     Low  Cyperus.     Low  grounds.     Common.     C.  &  S. 
358.     C.  Engelmanni  Steud.    Englemann's  Cyperus.    Fruitport,  E.  J.  Hill;  shore 
of  Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.    Rare. 

*359.  C.  erythororhizos  Muhl.  Red-rooted  Cyperus.  Macomb  Co.,  D.  Cooley; 
Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Infrequent. 

*360.     C.  esculentus  L.    Yellow  Nutt-grass.    A  troublesome  weed  on  low  grounds, 
spreading  rapidly  by   means   of  its   nut-like   tubers.     Hard   to  eradicate.     Muir; 
Flint;  Grand  Rapids;  Detroit;  north  to  Oscoda.    Frequent.    L.  P. 
361.     C.  esculentus  angustispicatus  Britton.    Detroit,  A.  O.  Farwell. 

*362.     C.  filiculmis  Vahl.    Slender  Cyperus.     Sterile  soil.    Common.    C.  &  S. 

363.  C.  flavescens  L.    Yellow  Cyperus.     Grand  Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.;  S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.     Rare.     S. 

364.  C.   Houghtonii  Torr.     Houghton's  Cyperus.     Hilltops  near  Indian  River, 
Wheeler;  Long  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.     St.  Clair.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*3C5.  C.  inflexus  Muhl.  Awned  Cyperus.  G.  aristatus  Boeckl.  Grand  Rapids, 
Coleman;  Ionia;  banks  of  Cedar  River,  Agricultural  College.  Not  common. 

366.     C.  refractus  Engelm.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*367.     C.  rivularis  Kunth.     Shining  Cyperus.    G.  diandrus  castaneus  Torr.    Frequent. 
368.     C.   Schweinitzii   Torr.      Schweinitz's   Cyperus.      Lake   Michigan    shore   at 
South  Haven,  L.  H.   Bailey;   Kalamazoo,  Tuthill;    Manistee,  F.   P.  Daniels,   S.  West, 
H.  S.  Pepoon. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  51 

369.  C.  speciosus  Vahl.    Michaux's  Cyperus.    Low  grounds.    Hubbardston;  Flint. 

*370.  C.  strigosus  L.     Straw-colored  Cyperus.     Low  grounds.    Common.     C.  &  S. 

371.  C.  strigosus  capitatus  Boeckl.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

372.  C.  strigosus  robustior  Kunth.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

KYLLINGA  Rott. 
374.     K.  pumila  Michx.     Low  Kyllingia.     Dr.  Lyons.     S. 

DCJLICHIUM  L.     C.  Richard. 

*375.  D.  arundinaceum  (L.)  Britton.  D.  spatTiaceum  Pers.  Borders  of  swamps 
and  ponds.  Common.  Th. 

ELEOCHARIS  R.  Br. 

*376.  E.  acicularis  (L.)  R.  &  S.  Spike-rush.  Alma,  Washtenaw  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Th. 

377.  E.  acuminata  (Muhl.)   Nees.     Flat-stemmed  Spike-rush.     Shores  of  lakes. 

378.  E.  Engelmanni  Steud.     Engelmann's  Spike-rush.     Jackson,  S.  H.   Camp; 
Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*379.  E.  intermedia  (Muhl.)  Schultes.  Matted  Spike-rush.  Macomb  Co.,  Dr. 
D.  Cooley;  Grand  Traverse  Bay,  Winch.  Cat;  Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Alma, 
C.  A.  Davis.  Low  river  banks. 

380.  E.  interstincta  (Vahl.)  R.  &  S.  Knotted  Spike-rush.  E.  equisetoides  Torr. 
Wright  Cat,  Jackson  Co.,  1838. 

*381.  E.  mutata  (L.)  R.  &  S.  Quadrangular  Spike-rush.  E.  quadrangulata 
R.  &  S.  S.  Mich.,  A.  Gray;  Flint;  borders  of  Crystal  Lake,  Montcalm  Co.;  shores 
of  Park  Lake  and  Pine  Lake;  Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

381a.  E.  obtusa  Schults.  Ovoid  Spike-rush.  Wet  grounds.  N.  shore  of  L. 
Superior,  Agassiz;  southward;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis.  Th. 

*382.  E.  olivacea  Torr.  Bright-green  Spike-rush.  Shores  of  Park  Lake,  Clinton 
Co.,  Wheeler;  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*383.     E.  ovata  (Roth.)  R.  &  S.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*384.  E.  palustris  (L.)  R.  &  S.  Creeking  Spike-rush.  Wet  places.  Alma,  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

385.     E.  palustris  calva  A.  Gray.    Lake  Antoine,  E.  J.  Hill. 

*386.     E.  palustris  glaucescens  (Willd.)  A.  Gray.    Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.    Frequent. 

*387.  E.  Robbinsii  Oakes.  Robbins'  Spike-rush.  Shallow  water.  Park  Lake, 
Clinton  Co.  The  only  station  known  in  the  State,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*388.  E.  palustris  vigens  L.  H.  Bailey.  Indian  River,  Cheboygan  Co.;  along  the 
Great  Lakes,  Gray's  Man.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

389.  E.  rostellata  Torr.     Beaked  Spike-rush.     Marshes.     Hubbardston;  Macomb 
Co.,  Drummond's  I.,  Winch.  Cat.     Tuscola  and  Washtenaw  Counties,  C.  A.  Davis; 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.     Rare. 

390.  E.    tenuis    (Willd.)    Schultes.      Slender    Spike-rush.      Oscoda;    east    coast 
of  L.  Superior,  Canadian  Cat.;   Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;    Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis.    Th. 

PSILOCARYA   Torr. 

391.  P.  scirpoides  Torr.     Long-beaked  Bald-rush.     Shore  of  Crooked  Lake,  near 
Grand  Rapids,  Miss  E.  J.  Cole. 

STENOPHYLLUS  Raf. 

392.  S.  capillaris  (L.)  Britton.     Hair-like  Stenophyllus.     Fimbristylis  capillaris 
A.  Gray.     S.  Mich.,  Wright;   Detroit;   St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;   Algonac,  W.  S. 
Cooper.     Rare. 

FIMBRISTYLIS  Vahl. 

*393.  F.  autumnalis  (L.)  R.  &  S.  Slender  Fimbristylis.  S.  Mich.,  Wright;  Pine 
Lake,  Ingham  Co.,  Mahistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis. 

394.     F.  castanea  (Michx.)  Vahl.    Marsh  Fimbristylis.    Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 


52  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

SCIRPUS  L. 

*395.  S.  Americanus  Pers.  Three-square.  8.  pungens  Vahl.  Borders  of  ponds, 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Common.  Th. 

*396.  S.  atrovirens  Muhl.  Dark  green  Bulrush.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Wet  meadows.  Common. 

397.  S.  atrovirens  pallidus  Britton.     Introduced  from  the  west  into  Bay  Co., 
G.  M.  Bradford;    Keweenaw  Co.,   Detroit,   O.  A.  Farwell. 

398.  S.  caespitosus  L.     Tufted  Club-rush.     Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;   Marquette,  B.  J. 
Hill;  north  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Agassiz.   U.  P. 

*399.  S.  Clintonii  A.  Gray.  Clinton's  Club-rush.  Bluffs  along  Fish  Creek,  Hub- 
bardston;  Bath,  L.  H.  Bailey;  St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Bay  City,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Rare.  C. 

*400.  S.  cyperinus  (L.)  Kunth.  Wool-grass.  Wats.  &  Coult.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent  and  variable. 

401.  S.  cyperinus  Eriophorum  (Michx.)  Britton.  EripTiorum  cyperinum  laxum. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*402.  S.  debilis  Pursh.  Weak-stalked  Club-rush.  Macomb  Co.,  Cooley;  Park 
Lake,  Clinton  Co.,  Wheeler;  St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels; 
Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Rare. 

403.  S.  Hallii  A.  Gray.     Muskegon,  C.  D.  McLouth. 

404.  S.  fluviatilis    (Torr.)    A.   Gray.     River  Club-rush.     Margins  of  rivers,  S. 
Mich.,  Winch.  Oat.;    Macomb  Co.;    Hubbardston;    Detroit;    abundant  along  Maple 
River;  west  of  Lake  Superior,  Macoun.     Th. 

*405.     S.  lacustris  L.    Great  Bulrush.     In  still  water.    Common.     Th. 

*406.  S.  lineatus  Michx.  Reddish  Bulrush.  Common  in  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Brad- 
ford; S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.  River  banks,  S.  Mich.,  Winch  Cat.;  Flint;  Macomb 
Co.;  Hubbardston;  St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Keweenaw  Co.;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis. 

407.  S.  microcarpus  Presl.    Small-fruited  Bulrush.   8.  sylvaticus  ciigynus  Boeckl. 
Lake  Nipigon,  Ont,  Macoun;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

408.  S.  nanus   Spreng.      Dwarf   Club-rush.     Hubbardston;    Clinton   Co.,   E.   F. 
Smith.    Eleocharis  pygmaea  Torr. 

409.  S.  Olneyi  A.  Gray.     Olney's  Bulrush.    Border  of  deer  lick  near  Hubbards- 
ton, Wheeler. 

410.  S.  pauciflorus  Lightf.     Few-flowered  Club-rush.     Grand  Rapids,  Miss  E.  J. 
Cole;   Port  Austin,  C.  A.  Davis.     Frequent  northward. 

411.  S.  polyphyllus  Vahl.    Leafy  Bulrush.     S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat. 

*412.  S.  Smithii  A.  Gray.  Smith's  Club-rush.  Shore  of  Park  Lake,  C.  F. 
Wheeler,  1891;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

*413.  S.  subterminalis  Torr.  Water  Club-rush.  Hough  ton  Lake;  Woodward 
Lake,  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  north  of  Lake 
Superior.  Can.  Cat.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent. 

413a.  S.  sylvaticus  L.    Wood  Bulrush.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*414.     S.  Torreyi  Olney.     Torrey's  Bulrush.     Border  of  Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co., 
Bailey. 

ERIOPHORUM  L. 

415.  E.  alpinum   L.     Alpine  Cotton-grass.     Mud  Lake;    Petoskey,  E.   J.  Hill; 
Macomb  Co.,  Cooley;  Elk  Rapids,  W.  S.  Cooper;  Keweenaw  Co.    Infrequent.    Th. 

416.  E.  gracile  Koch.    Slender  Cotton-grass.    S.  Mich.  Wright  Cat.;  Flint;  Hub- 
bardston;  Montcalm  Co.,  and  northward;   Kalamazoo,  Tu thill;   Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis.    Rare.    Th. 

*418.     E.  polystachyon  L.     Tall  Cotton-grass.     Swamps.     Common.     Th. 

*419.  E.  vaginatum  L.  Sheathed  Cotton-grass.  Sphagnous  swamps.  S.  Mich., 
Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  near  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis; 
Hubbardston;  Bay  Co.,  and  northward.  Th. 

*420.  E.  Virginicum  L.  Virginia  Cotton-grass.  Sphagnous  swamps.  Ann  Arbor, 
Allmend.  Cat.;  Flint;  Bay  Co.;  Hubbardston,  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis,  northward. 
Infrequent.  Th. 

421.  E.  Virginicum  album  A.  Gray.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

FUIRENA  Rottb. 

422.  F.   squarrosa  Michx.      Squarrose    Fuirena.     F.    squarrosa    pumila    Torr. 
Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  D.  Cooley.    Rare.    C. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  53 

HEMICARPHA  Nees  and  Arn. 

*423.  H.  jnicrantha  (Vahl.)  Britton.  C.  &  S.  H.  subsquarrosa  Nees.  S.  W., 
Wright  Cat;  Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co.  Rare. 

RHYNCHOSPORA  Vahl. 

424.  R.  alba  (L.)  Vahl.    White  Beaked-rush.    Bogs.    Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.; 
Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston;  N.  E.,  Winch.  Cat;  Keweenaw  Co.,  P.;  Mackinaw  City, 
Wheeler;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     Th. 

425.  R.  capillacea  Torr.     Capillary  Beaked-rush.     Bogs  and  sandy  lake  shores. 
Hubbardston;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Petoskey;  St.  Clair  Co.;  Jackson  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Infrequent.    Th. 

426.  R.  capillacea  laeviseta  Hill.    C.  K.  Dodge.    Shore  Grand  Traverse  Bay,  near 
Torch  Lake,  E.  J.  Hill;   Saginaw  and  Tuscola  Counties,  C.  A.  Davis;  Orion,  O.  A. 
Far  well. 

427.  R.  cymosa  Ell.    Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

428.  R.  fusca  R.  &  S.    Escanaba,  E.  J.  Hill. 

*429.  R.  glomerata  (L.)  Vahl.  Clustered  Beaked-rush.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat. 
Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston;  Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co.;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis. 

CLADIUM  P.  Browne. 

*430.  C.  mariscoides  Torr.  Twig-rush.  Bogs.  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb 
Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Tuscola  and  Washtenaw  Coun- 
ties, C.  A.  Davis.  L.  P. 

SCLERIA  Berg. 

431.  S.  triglomerata  Michx.     Tall  Nut-rush.     S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat,  Macomb 
Co.;  Flint;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Livingston  Co.    Rare.    S. 

432.  S.  verticillata  Muhl.    Low  Nut-rush.     S.    Macomb  Co.,  D.  Cooley;  St.  Clair 
Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Orion,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Sebewaing,  C.  A.  Davis.    Rare. 

CAREX  L. 

433.  C.  abacta  Bailey.     Yellowish  Sedge.     C Michauxiana  Boeckl.     Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  near  Portage  River..  T.  C.  Porter. 

434.  C.  adusta  Boott.    Browned  Sedge.     Crawford  Co.,  Bailey;  Grayling,  G.  H. 
Hicks.    Rare. 

*435.  C.  alata  Torr.  Broad-winged  Sedge.  <7.  straminea  alata  Bailey.  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Crystal  Lake,  Montcalm  Co.,  Wheeler;  South  Haven;  Niles, 
Dr.  G.  L.  Ames,  in  University  Herb. 

436.     C.  albolutescens  cumulata  Bailey.     Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*437.  C.  Albursina  Sheldon.  White  Bear  Sedge.  C.  laxiflora  latifolia  Boott  Fox- 
tail Sedge.  Macomb  Co.;  Gray's  Man.;  Agricultural  College  grounds;  Ypsilanti, 
O.  A.  Farwell.  Frequent.  S. 

*438.  C.  alopecoidea  Tuckerman.  Fox-tail  Sedge.  Macomb  Co.;  Gray's  Man.; 
Agricultural  College  grounds;  Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

439.  C.  alopecoidea  sparsispicata   Dewey.     Flint,   Clark;    Macomb   Co.,   Cooley; 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

440.  C.  alpina  Swartz.    Alpine  Sedge.    Isle  Royale,  Whitney  Cat.  U.  P. 

441.  C.  altocaulis    (Dewey)    Britton.     Sheathed   Sedge.     G.   Saltuensis  Bailey. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Oscoda  Co.,  L.  H.  Bailey.    N.  &  U.  P. 

*442.  C.  aquatilis  Wahl.  Water  Sedge.  Margins  of  streams.  S.  Mich.,  Wright 
Oat.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.,  Hubbardston;  Sitting  Rabbit,  Winch.  Cat.;  Alma,  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent.  Th. 

443.  C.  aquatilis  elatior  Bab.     Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Far- 
well. 

444.  C.  arcta  Boott.    Northern  Clustered  Sedge.    C.  canescens  polystachya  Boott 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

445.  C.  arctata  Boott     Drooping  Wood  Sedge.    Woods.    S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat; 
Petoskey;  Hubbardston;  Grand  Ledge;  Van  Buren  Co.,  Bailey.     Th. 

446.  C.  arctata  Faxoni  Bailey.     Isle  Royale,  Dr.  Sandberg;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A. 
Farwell. 


54       -  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

447.     C.  arctata  x  castanea  Bailey.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*448.  C.  aristata  R.  Br.  Awned  Sedge.  G.  trichocarpa  aristata  Bailey.  Agri- 
cultural College  grounds;  northward  to  Lake  Superior. 

*449.  C.  Asa-Grayi  Bailey.  Gray's  Sedge.  (7.  Grayi  Carey.  Low  grounds. 
Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston;  Lenawee  Co.,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Rare. 

*450.     C.   aurea   Nutt.      Golden-fruited   Sedge.     Borders   of   cool   springs.     S.   E. 

Wright  Cat;    Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.   Cat;    Macomb  Co.;    Pine  Lake,   Ingham  Co.; 

Hubbardston;  Petoskey  and  northward;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.    Infrequent.    Th. 

451.     C.  Bicknellii  Britton.    Bicknell's  Sedge.     C.  straminea  Crawei  Boott.    Ann 

Arbor,  Dr.  D.  Clark;  Grass  Lake,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*452.     C.  bromoides  Schk.     Brome-like  Sedge.     Low  grounds.     Common.    Th. 
453.     C.  brunnescens  (Pers.)  Poir.    Brownish  Sedge.    C.  canescens  alpicola  Wahl. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*454.     C.  brunnescens  gracilior  Britton.     G.  canescens  vulgaris  Bailey.     Common. 

*455.     G.  canescens  L.     Silvery  Sedge.     In  swamps.    Th. 

456.  C.  capillaris  L.  Hair-like  Sedge.  Point  de  Tour,  Lake  Michigan,  A.  Gray; 
Sturgeon  Point,  Alcona  Co.;  Mackinaw,  G.  H.  Hicks.  Common  in  the  Lake  Superior 
region.  N.  &  U.  P. 

*457.  C.  Careyana  Torr.  Gary's  Sedge.  Rich  woods.  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hub- 
bardston; southward.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Rare.  S. 

458.  C   Caroliniana  Schwein.    Carolina  Sedge.    Lapeer,  Miss  M.  Owen. 

459.  C.  castanea  Wahl.     Chestnut  Sedge.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Th. 
*460.     C.  cephaloidea  Dewey.    Thin-leaved  Sedge.    Fields.    Macomb  Co.,  Cooley;  Ann 

Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Detroit,  0.  A. 
Farwell.  Rare.  C.  &  S. 

*461.    C.  cephalophora  Muhl.     Oval-headed  Sedge.     Open  woods.     Common.     C.  &  S. 

*462.  C.  chordorhiza  L.  f.  Creeping  Sedge.  Th.  Upland  swamps.  Macomb  Co.; 
Hubbardston.  Rare.  Th. 

*463.     C.  comosa  Boott.    Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  C.  &  S. 

464.  C.  conjuncta  Boott.    Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

465.  C    conoidea  Schk.     Field  Sedge.     S.  E.  Wright  Cat.;   Flint;   Manistee,  F.  P. 
Daniels;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     Infrequent.    C.  &  S. 

466.  C.   costellata  Britton.     Ribbed    Sedge.     Th.     C.   virescens   costata  Dew.     S. 
Mich.,   Winch.   Cat.;    Detroit;    Constantine,  Dundee,  Wheeler;    So.  Haven;    Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

467.  C.  Crawei  Dewey.    Crawe's  Sedge.    Macomb  Co.,  Cooley;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A. 
Farwell;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 
Rare. 

468.  C   Crawfordii  Fernald.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
*469.     C.  crinita  Lam.     Low  grounds.     Common.     Th. 

*470.  C.  cristatella  Britton.  Crested  Sedge.  Th.  C.  tribuloides  cristata  Bailey. 
Hubbardston,  Wheeler.  Rare. 

*471.  C.  Crus-Corvi  Shuttlew.  Raven's-foot  Sedge.  Valley  of  River  Raisin  near 
Dundee;  Reform  school  marsh,  Lansing,  C.  F.  Wheeler.  The  only  localities  known  in 
the  State. 

*472.     C.  Davisii  Schwein  &  Torr.     Davis'  Sedge.     Keweenaw  Co.,  Farwell.    Rare. 

*473.  C.  decomposita  Muhl.  Large-panicled  Sedge.  Hubbardston;  Ann  Arbor,  All- 
mendinger  Cat.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Lansing,  Bailey.  Very  rare. 

474.  C.  deflexa  Hornem.     Northern  Sedge.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

475.  C.  deflexa  Deanei  Bailey.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;   Mackinaw,  G.  H. 
Hicks. 

476.  C.  deflexa  Farwellii  Britton.     G.  deflexa  meadia  Bailey.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A. 
Farwell. 

*477.     C.  Deweyana  Schwein.    Dewey's  Sedge.     Woods.    Frequent.     Th. 

*478.  C.  digitalis  Willd.  Slender  Wood  Sedge.  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston. 
Frequent.  S. 

*479.     C.  digitalis  copulata  Bailey.     Hubbardston;   southward. 

480.  C.  durifolia  Bailey.  C.  BacUi  Boott.  Orion,  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Ontonagon  River,  Whitney  Cat.;  West  Harrisville,  Alcona  Co.  Rare. 

482.  C.  exilis  Dewey.  Coast  Sedge.  Keweenaw  Peninsula,  O.  A.  Farwell.  The 
only  stations  known  in  the  State  for  this  rare  species. 

*483.  C.  festucacea  Willd.  Fescue  Sedge.  G.  straminea  brevior  Dewey.  Common. 
Th. 

*484.     C.  filiformis  L.     Slender  Sedge.     Bogs.     Alma,  Ann  Arbor,   C.  A.  Davis;    S. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN   FLORA.  55 

Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Hubbardston ;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  common  at  Pine  Lake,  Ingham 
Co.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Towar's  Swamp,  Lansing. 

486.  C.  flacca  Shreb.     G.  glauca  Scop.     South  shore  of  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

487.  C.  flava  L.    Yellow  Sedge.     Sphagnous  swamps.     Frequent.     Th. 

488.  C.  flava  graminis  Bailey.     Crawford  Co.,  Bailey;   Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Far- 
well.    Rare. 

489.  C.  foenea  Willd.     Hay  Sedge.    Alger's  Camp,  Alcona  Co.;  Potts;  Oscoda  Co.; 
Crawford  Co.;  Isle  Royale,  Dr.  J.  H.  Sandberg. 

490.  C.  foenea  perplexa  Bailey.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Muskegon,  Mrs.  H.  W. 
Fallars.    Northward. 

491.  C.  folliculata  L.     Long    Sedge.     S.  Mich.,  Wright   Cat.;    So.  Haven;    Flint; 
Macomb  Co.,  to  L.  Superior.    Rare.    Th. 

*492.  C.  formosa  Dewey.  Handsome  Sedge.  Macomb  Co.;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge; 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Rare.  Th. 

*493.  C.  fusca  All.  Brown  Sedge.  Bogs.  S.  E.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Hub- 
bardston; northward  to  L.  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Irefrequent.  Th. 

*494.     C.  gracillima  Schwein.     Graceful  Sedge.     Wet  meadows.     Th. 

*495.     C.  granularis  Muhl.     Meadow  Sedge.     Low  grounds.     Common.     Th. 
496.     C.  granularis  Shriveri  Britton.     0.   Haleana   Olney.    Frequent   in  •  low,   clay 
ground,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*497.     C.  grisea  Wahl.     Gray  Sedge.     Moist  woods.    Variable.     Th. 

*498.  C.  gynandra  Schwein.  Nodding  Sedge.  C.  crinita  gynan&ra,  Schwein.  Low 
grounds.  Common.  Th. 

*499.  C.  Hartii  Dewey.  Hart- Wright's  Sedge.  C.  retrorsa  Hartii  A.  Gray.  Hubbards- 
ton; Agricultural  College  Farm;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Th. 

500.     C.  Haydeni  Dewey.     Hayden's  Sedge.     C.  stricta  decora  Bailey.     Peche  Isle 
and  Belle  Isle,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*501.  C.  Hitchcockiana  Dewey.  Hitchcock's  Sedge.  Woods.  Flint;  Hubbardston 
and  southward.  S. 

502.     C.  Houghtonii  Torr.    Houghton's  Sedge.    North  part  of  Clare  Co.;  Keweenaw 
Co.;  Cheboygan  Co.;  Oscoda  northward.     N.  &  U.  P. 

*503.     C.  hystricina  Muhl.     Porcupine  Sedge.    Wet  meadows.     Common.    Th. 
504.    C.  hystricina  Dudley!  Bailey.    Owosso,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels; 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*505.     C.  interior  Bailey.    Keweenaw  Co.,  Orion,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.   Common.  Th. 

*506.  C.  intumescens  Rudge.  Bladder  Sedge.  Swamps.  South  Haven  and  north- 
ward. Common.  Th. 

507.    C.  intumescens  Fernaldi  Bailey.    Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*508.  C.  Jamesii  Schwein.  James'  Sedge.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Cassopolis; 
Dundee.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*509.  C.  lanuginosa  Michx.  Woolly  Sedge.  G.  fiUfomnis  latifolia  Boeckl.  Keweenaw 
Co.  and  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Hubbards- 
ton; Alma;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

510.     C.    laxiculmis    Schwein.      Spreading    Sedge.     Washington,   Macomb    Co.,   Dr. 
Cooley;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.    Rare. 

*511.  C.  laxflora  Lam.  Loose-flowered  Sedge.  Beech  and  maple  woods.  Exceedingly 
variable.  Common.  Th. 

*512.  C.  laxiflora  blanda  (Dewey)  Boott.  C.  laxiflora  striatula  Carey.  Ypsilanti, 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell ;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

513.    C.  laxiflora  patulifolia   (Dewey)   Carey.     Frequent  in  center  and  south. 

*515.  C.  laxiflora  varians  Bailey.  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  southward.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

516.  C.  lenticularis  Michx.  Lenticular  Sedge.  "Upper  Michigan,"  Gray;  Laugh- 
ing Fish  R.,  L.  Superior,  Henry  Gillman.  U.  P. 

*517.  C.  leptalea  Wahl.  Bristle-stalked  Sedge.  G.  polytrichoides  Willd.  Low 
grounds.  Common.  Th. 

*518.  C.  limosa  L.  Mud  Sedge.  Bogs.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.; 
Hubbardston  and  northward.  Irefrequent.  Th. 

519.  C.  livida  (Wahl)  Willd.  U.  P.  Lake  Superior,  Gray's  Manual;  St.  Clair  Co., 
C.  K.  Dodge.  Rare. 

*520.  C.  longirostris  Torr.  Long-beaked  Sedge.  Woods.  Flint;  Hubbardston  and 
northward;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.  Rare. 

*521.     C.  lupulina  Muhl.    Hop  Sedge.    Low  grounds.    Common.    Th. 

522.    C.  lupulina  x  lupuliformis  C.  A.  Davis.    New  hybrid.    Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 


56  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

*523.  C.  lupulina  pedunculata  Dew.  "With  the  species,  but  not  common,"  L.  EL 
Bailey  in  Gray's  Manual,  6th  ed.  Frequent  at  Lansing. 

*524.     C.  luplina  x  retrorsa  Dudley.    Lansing,  Bailey;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*525.  C  lupuliformis  Sartwell.  Hop-like  Sedge.  Washington,  Dr.  D.  Cooley;  Lan- 
sing, C.  F.  Wheeler;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

526.     C.    lurida   Wahl.      Sallow    Sedge.     Antrim    Co.;    S.    Mich.,   Wright   Cat.;    So. 
daven;  Hubbardston;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Th. 

*527.     C.  lurida  flaccida  Bailey.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*528.     C.  lurida  subglobosa  Fernald.     Near  the  Agricultural  College,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*529.    C.  Magellanica  Lam.    Magellan  Sedge.    Sphagnous  swamps.    Local.    Th. 

*530.  C.  Meadii  Dewey.  Mead's  Sedge.  C.  tetanica  Meadii  Bailey.  Sphagnous 
swamps.  Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston;  Constantine.  Infrequent. 

*532.  C.  monile  Tuckerman.  Necklace  Sedge.  Th.  Mud  Lake,  Petoskey,  E.  J.  Hill; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Colon,  Wheeler;  Reform  School  marsh,  Lansing;  Alma, 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

533.  C.  monile  x  utriculata,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Sphagnum  swamps.  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

*534.  C.  Muhlenbergii  Schk.  Muhlenberg's  Sedge.  Fields.  Hubbardston;  Bay  City; 
Macomb  Co.;  southward.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*535.  C.  Muskingumensis  Schwein.  Muskingum  Sedge.  Hubbardston;  Flint;  near 
Owosso,  G.  H.  Hicks;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Ann  Arbor  and  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis  j 
Ypsilanti,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels.  C.  &  S. 

536.  C.  oligocarpa  Schk.     Few-fruited  Sedge.     Flint;  Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  D.  Cooley  j 
Cassopolis,  Wheeler;  Detroit,  Dr.  Lyons. 

537.  C.   oligosperma   Michx.     Few-seeded   Sedge.     Borders   of  swamps   and  lakes. 
Hubbardston;  Woodward  Lake;  Hough  ton  Lake;   Crawford  Co.;   Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

538.  C.  pallescens  L.    Pale  Sedge.    Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Sault  de  Ste.  Marie,  Macoun. 

*539.  C.  pauciflora  Lightfoot.  Few-flowered  Sedge.  U.  P.,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Choco- 
late R.,  L.  Superior,  Henry  Gillman;  Towar's  swamp  near  Agricultural  College;  Alma, 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*540.  C.  pedicellata  (Dewey)  Britton.  Fibrous-rooted  Sedge.  Th.  C.  communis 
Bailey. 

*541.  C.  pedicellata  Wheeleri  (Bailey)  Britton.  C.  communis  Wheeleri  L.  H.  Bailey. 
Hubbardston;  Grand  Ledge;  Alcona  Co.;  Mackinac,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell.  Infrequent. 

*542.  C.  pedunculata  Muhl.  Long-stalked  Sedge.  Hillsides.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis; 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*543.  C.  Pennsylvanica  Lam.  Pennsylvania  Sedge.  Dry  woods.  Our  commonest 
Sedge.  Th. 

*544.  C.  plantaginea  Lam.  Plantain-leaved  Sedge.  Hillsides.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Scarce.  Th. 

*545.  C.  platyphylla  Carey.  Broad-leaved  Sedge.  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman's  Cat.; 
Hubbardston;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.  Infrequent.  S. 

546.  C.  prasina  Wahl.     Drooping  Sedge.     Wet  meadows.     Hubbardston;   S.  Mich., 
Winch.  Cat.;  Flint;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.    Rare.    S. 

547.  C    praticola  Rydb.     C.   pratensis  Drej.  not  Hose.     Northern  Meadow  Sedge. 
Pic  River,  Lake  Superior,  C.  Loring. 

548.  C.  Pseudo-Cyperus  L.     Cyperus-like   Sedge.     Margins  of  streams.     S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.;   Macomb  Co.;    Hubbardston;    Sturgis,  F.  N.  Daniels;   Alma,  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis;  northward.    Infrequent.    Th. 

*549.  C.  pubescens  Muhl.  Pubescent  Sedge.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.; 
Hubbardston  to  Lake  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.  Frequent.  Th. 

550.  C.  Redowskyana  C.  A.  Myer.    Redowsky's  Sedge.     G.  gynocrates  Wormskiold. 
N.  E.  and  N.  W.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Sturgeon  Point,  Alcona  Co.;  Mio,  Oscoda  Co.;  Manistee, 
F.  P.  Daniels. 

551.  C.  retro flexa  Muhl.    Reflexed  Sedge.    G.  rosea  retro flexa  Torr.    Frequent.    S. 
*552.     C.  retrorsa  Schwein.    Retrorse  Sedge.    River  banks.    Frequent.     Th. 

553.  C.  Richardsonii  R.  Br.  Richardson's  Sedge.  Barrens.  Ionia  Co.;  Macomb  Co.; 
Gay  lord,  G.  E.  Hancorne;  Orion,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Scarce. 

555.     C.  riparia  W.  Curtis.     River-bank  Sedge.     Wet  places.     Common.     Th. 
*556.     C.  rosea  Schk.    Stellate  Sedge.    Moist  woods.    Frequent.    S. 
*557.    C.  rosea  radiata  Dewey.    Dry  woods.    Frequent.    Th. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  57 

*558.  C.  Sartwellii  Dewey.  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston; 
Orion,  O.  A.  Farwell;  and  northward.  Th. 

*559.  C.  scabrata  Schwein.  Rough  Sedge.  Banks  of  streams.  Flint;  Grand  Rapids, 
Coleman  Cat.;  Hubbardston  to  Lake  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.  Infrequent. 

560.  C.  Schweinitzii  Dew.     Schweinitz's  Sedge.    Near  Fraser's,  Crawford  Co.,  Prof. 
L.  H.  Bailey.     Only  station  known  in  State. 

561.  C.   scirpoidea   Michx.     Scirpus-like    Sedge.     Winch.    Cat.;    Drummond's   Isle; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     N.  E. 

*562.  C.  scoparia  Schk.  Pointed  Broom  Sedge.  Th.  C.  scoparia  minor  Boott. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Low  grounds.  Common. 

563.  C.  setifolia  (Dewey)  Britton.  Brittle-leaved  Sedgw.  Th.  C.  Eburnea  Boott. 
Hillside.  South  Haven  on  sand  dunes  and  northward.  Infrequent. 

*564.  C.  siccata  Dewey.  Dry-spiked  Sedge.  Barrens.  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hub- 
bardston; near  Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co.;  northward  to  Lake  Superior.  Infrequent. 

*565.  C.  sparganioides  Muhl.  Burr-reed  Sedge.  Low,  rich  grounds,  St.  Clair  Co., 
C.  K.  Dodge.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*566.  C.  squarrosa  L.  Squarrose  Sedge.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Hubbardston;  Lan- 
sing, Bailey;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Rare. 

567.  C.   sterilis   Willd.     Little   Prickly   Sedge.     C.   echinata   microstachys   Boeckl. 
S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;   Hubbardston;   Flint;   Macomb  Co.;   Orion  and  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell;  and  northward.     Common. 

568.  C.  sterilis  cephalantha  Bailey.     C.  echinata  cephalantha  Bailey.     Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

*569.     C.  stipata  Muhl.     Awl-fruited  Sedge.     Low  grounds.     Common.     Th. 

*570.  C.  straminea  Willd.  Straw  Sedge.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat. ;  Macomb  Co. ; 
Flint;  Hubbardston;  South  Haven;  northward  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.  Fre- 
quent. Th. 

571.  C.  straminea  ferruginea  (A.  Gray.)  Bailey.  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Port 
Huron,  Algonac,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*572.  C.  straminea  mirabilis  (Dewey)  Tuck.  C.  mirabilis  Dewey.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis;  Hubbardston  and  northward.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*573.     C.  stricta  Lam.     Tussock  Sedge.     Low  grounds.     Common.     Th. 

574.  C.   stricta  angustata    (Boot)    Bailey.     Less   common  than  the   species.     Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Hubbardston,  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

575.  C    stricta  x  filiformis  Bailey.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

576.  C.  sychnocephala  Carey.     Dense  Long-beaked  Sedge.     Crystal,  Montcalm  Co. 
Only  station  known  in  the  State,  C.  F.  Wheeler.    S. 

*577.     C.  tenella  Schk.     Soft-leaved  Sedge.     Sphagnous  swamps.     Common. 
*578.     C.  tenuiflora  Wahl.    Sparse-flowered  Sedge.    U.  P.,  Whitney  Cat.;  Oscoda  Co.; 
Towar's  swamp,  near  Lansing,  Wheeler,  1890;   Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.     Th. 

579.  C.   tenuis  Rudge.     Slender -stalked   Sedge.     G.    debilis  Rudgei  Bailey.     Bear 
Lake,  Van  Buren  Co.,  E.  J.  Hill;  shores  of  Barren  Lake,  Cass  Co.;  Gay  lord;  Alcona  Co. 

580.  C.  tenuis  interjecta   (Bailey)  Britton.     G.  debilis  inter jecta  Bailey.     Grayling, 
W.  J.  B. 

*581.     C.  teretiuscula  Good.    Lesser-panicled  Sedge.    Swamps.    Common.    Th. 

*582.  C  teretiuscula  prairea  (Dewey)  Britton.  G.  teretiuscula  ramosa  Boott.  Orion, 
0.  A.  Farwell.  Frequent. 

*583.  C.  tetanica  Schkuhr.  Woods  Sedge.  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Grand  Ledge,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  near  Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co.,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint,  and  northward. 

*584.     C.  tetanica  Woodii  Bailey.    Central  part  of  the  State.     Infrequent. 

*585.     C.  tribuloides  Wahl.    Blunt-broom  Sedge.    Th. 

*586.  C.  tribuloides  Bebbii  Bailey.  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Far- 
well.  Th. 

587.  C.  tribuloides  moniliformis    (Tuck.)   Britton.     C.   tribuloides  reducta  Bailey. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co., 
G.  M.  Bradford. 

588.  C.  tribuloides  turbata  Bailey.     Swales.     Keweenaw,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Frequent. 

589.  C.  triceps  hirsuta  Bailey.    In  an  oak  wood  on  the  farm  of  Hon.  N.  B.  Hayes, 
in  North  Plains  township,  Ionia  Co.     Not  known  to  occur  elsewhere  in  the  State. 

*590.  C.  trichocarpa  Muhl.  Hairy-fruited  Sedge.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Macomb 
Co.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*591.    C.  trisperma  Dewey.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 
*592.    C.  Tuckermani  Dewey.    Tuckerman's  Sedge.    Swamps.    S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.; 


58  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

Hubbardston;    Flint;    Macomb   Co.,   and  northward;    Alma,   Ann  Arbor,   C.  A.   Davis. 
Frequent. 

*593.  C.  umbellata  Schk.  Umbel-like  Sedge.  Grand  Ledge,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Kewee- 
naw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels.  Rare. 

594.     C.  umbellata  vicina  Dewey.    Alcona  Co.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Grand 
Ledge,  C.  F.  Wheeler;   St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*595.     C.  utriculata  Boott.     Bottle  Sedge.     Swamps.     Common.     Th. 
576.     C.  varia  Muhl.     Emmons'  Sedge.     Barren  Lake;   New  Buffalo;   Monroe  Co.; 
dunes  of  South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey ;  Oscoda  Co. ;  Crawford  Co. ;  Grand  Traverse,  Winch. 
Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

597.  C.  virescens  Muhl.     Dewey.     Green  Sedge.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;   Wayne, 
C.  A.  Davis. 

598.  C.  viridula  Michx.    Green  Sedge.    C.  flava  viridula  Bailey.    Margins  of  lakes. 
Frequent.     Th. 

*599.     C.  vulpinoidea  Michx.    Fox  Sedge.    Low  meadows.     Common.    Th. 
600.     C.  Willdenovii  Schk.     Willdenow's  Sedge.     Bear  Lake,  Van  Buren  Co.,  E.  J. 
Hill.    Rare. 

ARACE^:  Neck.    Arum  Family. 
ARISAEMA  Mart. 

*601.    A.  Dracontium  (L.)  Schott.    Green  Dragon.    Dragon-root.    C.  &  S. 
*602.    A.  triphyllum    (L.)    Torr.     Indian  Turnip.     Rich  woods.     Th. 

PELTANDRA   Raf. 

*603.  P.  Virginica  (L.)  Kunth.  Green  Arrow-arum.  P.  undulata  Raf.  S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.;  Huron  River,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford; 
Flint.  C.  &  S. 

CALLA  L.  . 
*604.    C.  palustris  L.    Water  Arum.     Bogs.     Frequent.     Th. 

SPATHYEMA  Raf.     SYMPLOCABPUS  Salisb. 
*605.     S.  foetida  (L.)  Raf.    Skunk  Cabbage.    Symptocarpus  foetidus  Nutt.    Th. 

ACORUS  L. 
*606.    A.  Calamus  L.    Margin  of  streams.     Infrequent.    Th. 

LEMNACE^)  Dumort.     Duckweed  Family. 

SPIRODELA  Schleid. 
*607.    S.  polyrhiza  (L.)  Schleid.    Greater  Duckweed.    Ponds.    Common. 

LEMNA  L.  Duckweed.     Duck's-meat. 

*608.  L.  minor  L.  Lesser  Duckweed.  Th.  Ponds  Blossoms  occasionally  in  June. 
Common. 

609.  L.  perpusilla  Torr.  Minute  Duckweed.  Detroit  River,  D.  H.  Campbell;  Dr. 
A.  B.  Lyons.  Rare.  C.  &  S. 

*610.    L.  trisulca  L.     Ivy-leaved  Duckweed.     Ponds.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

WOLFFIA  Horkel. 

611.  W.  Columbiana  Karst.     Columbia  Wolffia.    Abundant  on  Maple  River,  Clinton 
Co.;  Ionia  Co.;   Detroit,  J.  M.  Bigelow. 

612.  W.   punctata   Griseb.     Brazil  Wolffia.     W.   Brasillensis   Engelm.,   not  Wedd. 
Abundant  on  Maple  River,  Clinton  Co.;  Ionia  Co.;  Detroit,  J.  M.  Bigelow;   Bay  Co., 
G.  M.  Bradford. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  59 

XYRIDACE^)  Lindl.     Yellow-eyed    Grass  Family. 

XYRIS  L. 

613.  X.  flexuosa  Muhl.     Macomb  Co.;  S.  W.,  Wright  Cat.;  Hubbardston,  Wheeler; 
Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis;   S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.     Rare. 

614.  X   montana  H.  Hies.    Yellow-eyed  Grass.    X.  flexuosa  pusilla  A.  Gray.   Lake 
Superior,  Gray's  Manual,  6th  edition. 

ERIOCAULACE^E  Lindl.    Pipewort  Family. 
ERIOCAULON  L. 

615.  E.  septangulare  With.    Margin  of  Long  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  S.  W., 
Wright  Cat.;   Macomb  Co.;    Cooley;   Escanaba,  E.  J.  Hill;   Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.     Infre- 
quent.   L.  P. 

COMMELINACE^E    Eeichenb.     Spiderwort  Family. 
COMMELINA  L. 

616.  C.  Virginica  L.     Virginia  Day-flower.     S.  W.     Wright  Cat. 

TRADESCANTIA  L.     Spiderwort. 

617.  T.  reflexa  Raf.     Grass  Lake,  Cassopolis,  Muskegon,  C.  F.  Wheeler;   Algonac 
Co.,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

618.  T.  Virginica  L.    Common  Spiderwort.    Moist  wooks.    Ionia  Co.;  Grand  Rapids; 
Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Hillsdale  Co.     Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

PONTEDERIACE^:  Dumort.     Pickerel-weed  Family. 
PONTEDERIA  L. 

?619.  P.  cordata  L.  Pickerel-weed.  Borders  of  lakes  and  slow  streams.  Lakes  in 
Oakland  Co.;  Ann  Arbor;  Ionia  Co.,  and  northward.  Th. 

*620.  P.  cordata  lancifolia  (Muhl.)  Morong.  P.  cordata  angustifolia  Torr.  Lake 
St.  Clair;  Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co. 

HETERANTHERA  R.  &  P. 

*621.  H.  dubia  (Jacq.)  MacM.  Water  Star-grass.  H.  gramlnea,  Vahl.  Ann  Arbor, 
Allmend.  Cat.;  Dexter,  Dr.  Elmore  Palmer;  Grand  Rapids;  Bay  Co.;  Hubbardston; 
Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  In  streams.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

JUNCACEJE  Vent.     Rush  Family. 
JUNCUS  L. 

*622.  J.  acuminatus  Michx.  Short-fruited  Rush.  Macomb  Co.;  Fruitport,  E.  J. 
Hill;  Hubbardston;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Alma, 
C.  A.  Davis. 

623.  J.  articulatus  L.    Pointed  Rush.    Alger,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Tuscola  County,  C.  A. 
Davis.     Th. 

624.  J.  Balticus  littoralis  Engelm.    Sandy  shores.    S.  Haven,  Bailey;  to  Petoskey; 
Port  Huron;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.    Oscodo  and  northward.    A  form  of  this  species 
is  found  at  Hubbardston,  Ionia  Co.,  Wheeler;   Port  Austin,  C.  A.  Davis.     Th. 

625.  J.  brachycarpus  Engelm.     Short-fruited  Rush.    St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 
*626.    J.    brachycephalus     (Engelm.)     Buch.      Small-headed     Rush.     J.    Canadensis 

brachycephalus  Engelm.    Hubbardston;  Ho  well  Junction,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M. 
Bradford.     S. 


60  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

*627.    J.  bufonius  L.     Toad  Rush.    Roadsides.     Common.    Th. 

*628.  J.  Canadensis  J.  Gay.  Canada  Rush.  Fruitport,  E.  J.  Hill;  Macomb  Co.; 
Hubbardston;  northward  to  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  Burgess;  Alma,  C  .A.  Davis.  Common. 
Th. 

629.  J.  Canadensis  brevicaudatus  Engelm.  J.  Canadensis  coarctatus  Engelm.  De- 
troit; north  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Dr.  Lyons;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*631.  J.  conglomerate  L.  Glomerate  Rush.  J.  effusus  conglomerates  Engelm. 
Swamps;  not  so  common  as  the  species. 

632.     J.  Dudley!  Wieg.    Keweenaw  Co.,  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*633.     J.  effusus  L.     Common  or  Soft  Rush.    Marshy  grounds.     Common.    Th. 

634.  J.  filiformis  L.     Thread  Rush.     Adrian,  Tuthill;   Saginaw  Bay,  Winch.  Cat.; 
L.  Superior,  Jno.  Macoun.     Rare. 

635.  J.  Gerardi  Loisel.    Black-grass.    "Rare  about  the  Great  Lakes,"  Gray's  Manual. 

636.  J.   Greenii  Oakes   &   Tuck.     Green's   Rush.     Head  of  Lake  Michigan,  Gray's 
Manual,  6th  edition;   Detroit,  Wheeler;   Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;   St.  Clair  Co., 
C.  K.  Dodge.    Rare. 

637.  J.  interior  Wieg.     J.  tennis  secundus  Engelm.     Palmer  Park,  Detroit,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  Twin  Lake,  Muskegon  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

638.  J.  marginatus  Rostk.    Grass-leaved  Rush.    S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co., 
Dr.  D.  Cooley;  Grand  Rapids,  Wheeler;  Livingston  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis.    Rare.     S. 

*639.  J.  nodosus  L.  Knotted  Rush.  Gravelly  banks.  Common.  An  intermediate 
form  grows  with  the  species  on  the  shore  of  Litle  Traverse  Bay,  Wheeler. 

*640.  J.  pelocarpus  E.  Meyer.  Brownish -fruited  Rush.  Th.  Shore  of  Woodward 
Lake,  Ionia  Co.;  Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co.;  Lake  Superior ;'J.  Macoun,  Can.  Cat.;  Bear 
Lake,  Manistee  Co.,  E.  J.  Hill;  Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  D.  Cooley;  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Infrequent. 

*641.  J.  Richardsonianus  Schult.  Richardson's  Rush.  J.  alpinus  insignis  Fries. 
"Along  the  Great  Lakes  northward  and  westward,"  Gray.  Common.  Along  railroad 
track  on  Agricultural  College  Farm.  This  species  has  been  mistaken  by  early  col- 
lectors for  J.  articulatus,  which  is  confined  to  the  New  England  States.  Engelmann. 
Th. 

642.     J.  scirpoides  Lam.     Scirpus-like  Rush.     Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels. 
644.     J.  stygius  L.    Moor  Rush.     "N.  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Mr.  Wheeler,"  Gray's 
Manual,  5th  edition;  Marquette,  E.  J.  Hill. 

*645.     J.  tenuis  Willd.    Slender  Rush.    Roadside.    Common.    Th. 

646.  J.  Torreyi  Coville.     Torrey's  Rush.     J.  nodosus  megaoephalus  Torr.     Flint; 
Hubbardston  and  southward;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Bay  Co.,  G,  M.  Bradford. 

647.  J.   Vaseyi  Engelm.     Vasey's   Rush.     Detroit,    Lyons;     Lake     Superior,    John 
Macoun. 

JUNCOIDES  Adans.     LUZULA  DC. 

*648.    J    campestre   (L.)   Kuntze.     Common  Wood-rush.     Luzula  campestris  DC. 

*649.  J.  pilosum  (L.)  Kuntze.  Hairy  Wood-rush.  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

650.  J.  spicatum  (L.)  Kuntze.  Spiked  Wood-rush.  Luzula  spicata  DC.  Dr.  A.  B. 
Lyons.  U.  P.  Woods.  Common.  Th. 

MELANTHACE^)  R.  Br.     Bunch-flower  Family. 

TOFIELDIA  Hudson. 

*651.  T.  glutinosa  (Michx.)  Pursh.  Glutinous  Tofieldia.  Sphagnous  swamps.  Fre- 
quent. Th. 

652.  T.  palustris  Hudson.    Scottish  Asphodel.    Isle  Royale,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons.   U.  P. 

CHAMAELIRIUM  Willd. 

653.  C.  luteum   (L.)   A.  Gray.     Blazing  Star.     C.  Carolinianum  Willd.     Dr.  A.  B. 
Lyons.     U.  P. 

ZYGADENUS  Michx. 

*654.  Z.  elegans  Pursh.  Th.  S.  W.,  Wright  Cat.;  Dexter,  Dr.  Elmore  Palmer;  Ann 
Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;  Grand  Ledge;  Clarkston,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Ionia;  Davisburg; 
Petoskey;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Rare. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  61 

UVULARIA  L. 

*655.  U.  grandiflora  J.  E.  Smith.  Large-flowered  Bellwort.  Rich  woods.  Common. 
C.  &  S. 

656.  U.  perfoliata  L.    Perfoliata  Bellwort.    Rich  woods.    Marquette  Co.,  Burt  MS. 
Cat.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.    Infrequent. 

657.  U.  sessilifolia  L.     Sessile-leave  Bellwort.     Oakesia  sessilifolia  S.  Wats.     Low 
woods.     Monroe  Co.,  Wheeler;   Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;   Ypsilanti;   Flint;   Macomb 
Co.;    Crystal   Lake,   Montcalm   Co.,    E.    F.    Smith,   and  northward   to   Marquette   Co., 
Whitney  Cat.    Th. 

LILIACE^E   Adans.     Lily  Family. 

HEMEROCALLIS  L. 

*658.     H.  fulva  L.     Common  Day-lily.     Escaped  from  cultivation. 

ALLIUM  L. 

*659.    A.  Canadense  Kalm.    Wild  Garlic.     Woods.     Common.     C.  &  S. 

660.  A.  cernuum  Roth.    Wild  Onion.    Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.    S. 

661.  A.  Sibiricum  L.    A.  Schoenoprasum  111.  Fl.,  not  L.    Chives.    Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons; 
Gray's  Manual;  N.  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Agassiz;  Keweenaw  Point,  0.  A  .Farwell. 
U.  P. 

*662.     A.  tricoccum  Ait.     Wild  Leek.     Rich  woods.     Th. 

*663.    A.  vineale  L.    Field  Garlic.     In  the  aboretum  of  the  Agricultural  College. 

LILIUM  L. 

664.  L.  Canadense  L.  Wild  Yellow  Lily.  Meadows  and  along  streams.  Northward, 
frequent. 

*665.  L.  Philadelphicum  L.  Wild  Orange-red  Lily.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.; 
Hubbardston;  Petoskey;  and  northward.  Not  common  in  the  central  part  of  the 
State.  There  is  some  doubt  about  the  presence  of  this  plant  in  Mich. 

*666.  L.  superbum  L.  Turk's-cap  Lily.  Low  grounds,  Ann  Arbor  (Miss  Clark), 
Winch.  Cat.;  Flint;  S.  Haven,  Bailey;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

667.  L.  umbellatum  Pursh.  Western  Red  Lily.  Alpena,  Traverse  City,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell;  Birmingham,  S.  Alexander. 

ERYTHRONIUM  L. 

*668.  E.  albidum  Nutt.  White  Adder's -tongue  Violet.  Th.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend. 
Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston.  "At  L.  Superior  Dr.  Robbins  found  a  plant  like 
this  but  yellow  flowered,  a  transition  toward  E.  grandiflorum,"  Gray's  Man.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

670.    E.  Americanum  Ker.    Yellow  Adder's-tongue.    Low  copses.    Common.    Th. 

QUAMASIA  Raf.    CAMASSIA  Lindl. 

670.  Q.    hyacinthina    (Raf.)    Britton.     Wild   Hyacinth.      Camassia   Fraseri   Torr. 
Adrian,  Mrs.  I.  H.  Wheeler;  White  Island  in  the  Detroit  river  opposite  Amherstburg, 
Dr.  J.  Macoun. 

MUSCARI  Mill. 
MUSCARIA. 

670a.  M.  botryoides  (L.)  Mill.  Grape  Hyacinth.  Moist  grass  lands.  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis. 

ALETRIS  L. 

671.  A.  farinosa  L.     Colic-root    Star-grass.     Addison,    G.  F.  Comstock;    Howard 
City;  Grand  Rapids;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Clarkston,  G.  H. 
Hicks;  Hubbardston;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.    Rare.    C.  &  S. 


62  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

CONVALLARIACE.E  Link.     Lily-of-the-Valley  Family. 
ASPARAGUS  L. 

*672.  A.  officinalis  L*.  Garden  Asparagus.  Sparingly  escaped  from  gardens  in  older 
parts  of  the  State. 

CLINTONIA  Raf. 

673.  C.  borealis  (Ait.)  Raf.  Yellow  Clintonia.  Follows  the  Lake  Michigan  shore 
down  as  far  as  S.  Haven;  on  the  eastern  side  of  the  State  reaches  to  Macomb  Co., 
Dr.  D.  Cooley;  and  in  the  center  of  the  State  is  found  in  Ionia  Co.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Very  common  north  of  latitude  43°. 

VAGNERA  Adans.     SMILACINA  Desf. 

*674.  V.  racemosa  (L.)  Morong.  Wild  Spikenard.  Smilacina  racemosa  Desf.  Moist 
grounds.  Common.  Th. 

*675.  V.  stellata  (L.)  Morong.  Star-flowered  Solomon's  Seal.  Smilacina  stellata 
Desf.  Moist  banks.  Common.  Th. 

*676.  V.  trifolia  (L.)  Morong.  Three-leaved  Solomon's  Seal.  Smilacina  trifolia 
Desf.  Sphagnous  swamps.  Frequent.  Th. 

UNIFOLIUM  Adans.    MAIANTHEMUM  Wigg. 

*677.  U.  Canadense  (Desf.)  Greene.  False  Lily-of-the-valley.  MaiantTiemum 
Canadense  Desf.  Woods,  everywhere. 

STREPTOPUS  Michx. 

678.  S.  amplexifolius  (L.)  DC.   Twisted  Stalk.    Fort  Gratiot,  Winch.  Cat.;  Houghton 
Lake  to  Lake  Superior,  where  it  is  rare,  Whitney  Cat. 

679.  S.  roseus  Michx.     Sessile-leaved  Twisted-stalk.    Cedar  swamps.    Mt.  Pleasant, 
Alma,  Chas.  A.  Davis;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. ;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Drummond's 
Is.,  and  Sugar  Is.,  Winch.  Cat.;  to  L.  Superior  where  it  is  very  common,  Whitney  Cat. 

SALOMONIA  Heist.     POLYGONATUM  Adans.  y 

*680.  S.  biflora  (Walt.)  Britt.  Smaller  Solomon's  Seal.  P.  Uflorum  Ell.  Ann 
Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.,  and  northward.  Open  woods.  .Common.  Th. 

*681.  S.  commutata  (R.  &  S.)  Britt.  Smooth  Solomon's  Seal.  Th.  P.  gigantewm 
Dietrich.  Great  S.  S.  River  banks.  Stems  often  very  tall  and  channeled  on  one  side. 
Intermediate  forms  between  this  and  the  preceding  occur.  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

MEDEOLA  L. 

*682.  M.  Virginiana  L.  Indian  Cucumber-root.  L.  P.  Abundant  at  Gaylord,  where 
it  probably  reaches  its  N.  limits,  G.  L.  Stewart;  Alma  and  Wayne,  C.  A.  Davis;  S.  W., 
H.  S.  Pepoon. 

TRILLIUM  L.    Wake  Robin.    Birthroot. 

*683.  T.  cernuum  L.  Nodding  Wake-robin.  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.; 
Flint;  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.;  northward  to  Keweenaw,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Alma  and 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent. 

*684.  T.  erectum  L.  Ill-scented  Wake-robin.  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Constantine; 
Port  Huron,  Dodge.  The  white"  form  with  declinate  pedicels  is  most  common  through- 
out, and  the  only  form  in  the  northern  part  of  the  State.  Th. 

*685.  T.  grandiflorum  (Michx.)  Salisb.  Large-flowered  Wake-robin.  Rich  woods. 
Exceedingly  variable  and  apt  to  sport.  Common.  Th. 

686.  T.  nivale  Riddell.     Dwarf  White  Trillium.     Low  woods.     One  of  our  earliest 
spring  flowers.    Hubbardston;  Ionia;  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.,  Niles,  I.  N.  Mitchell. 
Rare.     C.  &  S. 

687.  T.  recurvatum  Beck.     Prairie  Wake-robin.    Niles,  I.  N.  Mitchell.     S.  W. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  63 

688.  T.   sessile   L.      Sessile-flowered  Wake-robin.     Dr.   A.   B.   Lyons;    St.   Joseph, 
Wheeler;  Niles,  I.  N.  Mitchell.    Rare.    S. 

689.  T.  undulatum  Willd.     Painted  T.    T.  erythrocarpum  Michx.    S.  Mich.,  Wright 
Cat.;  not  observed  in  the  center  of  the  State;  Port  Huron,  Dodge;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell.     Infrequent.     Th. 

SMILACE^)  Vent,     Smilax  Family. 
SMILAX  L. 

*690.  S.  ecirrhata  (Engelm.)  S.  Wats.  Upright  Smilax.  St.  Clair,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Belle 
Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Alma»  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*691.  S.  herbacea  L.  Carrion-flower.  River  banks.  Flowers  much  visited  by  blow- 
flies. Common.  Th. 

*692.  S.  herbacea  pulverulenta  (A.  Gray.)  Michx.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.; 
Owosso,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*693.  S.  hispida  Muhl.  Hispid  Greenbrier.  The  common  woody  species  in  Ionia  and 
adjacent  counties.  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Hubbajdston;  Flint;  Hough  ton  Lake; 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  northward  to  Lake  Superior,  Whitney  Cat. 

694.  S.  rotundifolia  L.     Common  Greenbrier.     Horse-brier.     Ann  Arbor,  Allmend. 
Cat.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Kent  Co.,  Coleman  Cat.;  Benton- Harbor.    Infrequent.    C.  &  S. 

AMARYLLIDACE^E  Lindl.     Amaryllis  Family. 

HYPOXIS  L.     Star-grass. 

695.  H.  hirsuta  (L.)  Coville.    Star-grass.    Tuscola  county,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 
H.  erecta  L.     Meadows.     Common. 

DIOSCOREACE^)  Lindl.     Yam  Family. 

DIOSCOREA  L. 
*696.     D.  villosa  L.     Wild  Yam -root.    Rich  woods.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

IRIDACE^)  Lindl.     Iris  Family. 
IRIS  L. 

697.  I.  lacustris  Nutt.  Dwarf  Lake  Iris.  Bois  Blanc  I.  and  Drummond's  L,  Winch. 
Cat.;  Mackinac,  Whitney  Cat.;  "Shores. of  L.  Huron  and  Mich.,"  A.  Gray,  Lewis  Foote; 
Mackinaw  City,  Wheeler;  Alpena,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*698.     I.  versicolor  L.    Larger  Blue  Flag.    Low  grounds.    Common.    Th. 

SISYRINCHIUM  L. 

*699.  S.  albidum  Raf.  White  Blue-eyed  Grass.  Barren  Lake,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Belle 
Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Kalamazoo,  R.  M.  Gibbs. 

*700.  S.  angustifolia  Miller.  Northern  Blue-eyed  Grass.  Moist  grassy  places.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

701.  S.  apiculatum  Bicknell.    Muskegon  Co.,  C.  D.  McLouth. 

702.  S.  Farwellii  Bicknell.     Near  Birmingham,  Oakland  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*703.  S.  graminoides  Bicknell.  Belle  Isle  and  elsewhere,  O.  A.  Farwell;  8.  anceps 
S.  Wats.  Palo,  Petoskey,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

704.  S.  hastile  Bicknell.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

705.  S.    mucronatum    Michx.      Michaux's    Blue-eyed    Grass.      Southeast    Michigan, 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

706.  S.  strictum  Bicknell.    Montcalm  Co.,  Britton's  Manual. 


64  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

ORCHIDACE^E  Lindl.      Orchis  Family. 
CYPRIPEDIUM  L. 

*707.  C.  acaule  Ait.  Stemless  Ladies'  Slipper.  Dry  woods  and  sphagnous  swamps. 
Frequent.  Th. 

708.  C.  arietinum  R.  Brown.     Ram's-head  Ladies'  Slipper.     Isle  Royale,  Dr.  A.  B. 
Lyons;   tamarack  swamp  one-half  mile  east  of  Whitmore  Lake,  W.  H.  Lewis;   Mt. 
Pleasant,  C.  A.  Davis.     Rare. 

709.  C.  candidum  Willd.     Small  White  Ladies'  Slipper.     Tamarack  swamps.     Ann 
Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Kalamazoo;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston;  Howell  Junction, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Rare. 

*710.  C.  hirsutum  Mill.  Large  Yellow  Ladies'  Slipper.  C.  pubescens  Willd.  Woods, 
in  moist  or  dry  ground.  Frequent. 

*711.  C.  parviflorum  Salib.  Smaller  Yellow  Ladies'  Slipper.  Very  wet  swamps. 
Frequent.  Th. 

*712.  C.  reginae  Walt.  Showy  Ladies'  Slipper.  C.  spectabile  Salisb.  Swamps. 
Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Kalamazoo,  Tuthill;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston; 
Keweenaw  Co.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent.  Th. 

ORCHIS  L. 

'    713.    0.  rotundifolia  Pursh.     Small  Round-leaved  Orchis.     Frankfort,  E.  J.  Parker; 
Marquette,  T.  H.  Danger;  Lake  Fume6,  E.  J.  Hill. 

GALEORCHIS  Rydb.   ORCHIS  L.,  in  part. 

*714.  G.  spectabilis  (L.)  Rydb.  Showy  Orchis.  Orchis  spectabilis  L.  Rich  woods. 
Scarce.  C.  &  S. 

PERULARIA  Lindl.    HABENAEIA  Willd.,  in  part. 

715.  P.  flava  (L.)  0.  A.  Farwell.  Tubercled  Orchis.  Habenaria  flava  (L.)  A.  Gray. 
Macomb  Co.;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  S.  W.  Wright  Cat.;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.; 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent.  Th. 

COELOGLOSSUM  Hartman.    HABENARIA  Willd.,  in  part. 

*716.  C.  bracteatum  (Willd.)  Parl.  Long-bracted  Orchis.  Eabenaria  bracteata 
(Willd.)  R.  Br.  Ann  Arbor  and  Emmet  Co.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Kalamazoo j 
Hubbardston;  Flint;  Alma,  and  northward.  Th. 

GYMNANDENIOPSIS  Rydb.    HABENARIA  Willd.,  in  part. 

717.  G.  clavellata  (Michx.)  Rydb.  Small  Green  Wood  Orchis.  Habenaria  clavellata 
(Michx.)  Spreng.  Lenawee  Co.,  G.  F.  Comstock;  S.  W.,  Wright  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  All- 
mend.  Cat.;  Hubbardston,  Grayling,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  and  northward. 

LIMNORCHIS  Rydb.    HABENARIA  Willd.,  in  part. 

*718.  L.  dilatata  (Pursh.)  Rydb.  Tall  White  Bog  Orchis.  Habenaria  dilatata 
(Pursh.)  Hook.  S.  E.  Winch.  Cat.;  Cons  tan  tine  and  northward.  Th. 

719.  L.  hyperborea  (L.)  Rydb.  Tall  Leafy  Green  Orchis.  Habenaria  hyperborea 
(L.)  R.  Br.  Wet  woods.  Frequent  northward.  Th. 

LYSIAS  Salisb.    HABENARIA  Willd.,  in  part. 

*720.  L.  Hookeriana  (A.  Gray)  Rydb.  Hooker's  Orchis.  Habenaria  Hookeriana 
A.  Gray.  S.  E.  Winch.  Cat.;  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Lake  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.;  Alma, 
C.  A.  Davis.  Rare  southward.  Th. 

*721.  L.  orbiculata  (Pursh.)  Rydb.  Large  Round-leaved  Orchis.  Habenaria 
orbiculata  (Pursh.)  Torr.  Frequent  in  the  pine  region,  not  rare  on  U.  P.,  Whitney, 
Cat.;  Hubbardston;  Alma;  Flint.  Th. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  65 

LYSIELLA  Rydb.     HABENARIA  Willd.,  in  part. 

722.  L.  obtusata  (Pursh.)  Rydb.     Small  Northern  Bog  Orchis.    Eabenaria  obtusata 
(Pursh.)  Richards.     Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. ;  Pictured  Rocks,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Isle  Royale, 
Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  L.  Superior,  common,  Whitney  Cat.;  Cove  L;  L.  Huron,  Austin.    N.  & 
U.  P. 

BLEPHARIGLOTTIS  Ra,f.     HABENARIA  Willd.,  in  part. 

723.  B.  blephariglottis   (Willd.)   O.  A.  Farwell.     White-fringed  Orchis.     Eabenaria 
blephariglottis  (Willd.)  Torr.    S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Stanton.    Rare.    C.  &  S. 

*724.  B.  ciliaris  (L.)  Rydb.  Yellow-fringed  Orchis.  Eabenaria  ciliaris  (L.)  R.  Br. 
Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Kalamazoo,  Tuthill;  Niles,  I.  N.  Mitchell; 
Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Rare. 

725.    B.  ciliaris  x  blephariglottis.     Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*726.  B.  lacera  (Michx.)  Rydb.  Ragged  Orchis.  Habenaria  lacera  (Michx.)  R.  Br. 
Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Woodward  Lake;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels; 
north  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*727.  B.  leucophaea  (Nutt.)  O.  A.  Farwell.  Prairie  White-fringed  Orchis.  Habenaria 
leucophaea  (Nutt.)  A.  Gray.  Belle  Isle,  Foerste;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Pine  Lake, 
Ingham  Co.;  Woodward  Lake,  Ionia  Co.;  Macomb  Co.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Isle 
Royale,  Foote;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.  Rare. 

*728.  B.  psycodes  (L.)  Rydb.  Smaller  Purple-fringed  Orchis.  Habenaria  psycodes 
(L.)  A.  Gray.  Low  grounds.  Frequent.  Th. 

POGONIA  Juss. 

*729.     P.  ophioglossoides  (L.)  Ker.     Snake-mouth.    Bogs.     Common.     Th. 
ISOTRIA  Raf.     POGONIA  Juss.,  in  part. 

730.  I.  verticillata   (Willd.)  Raf.    Pogonia  verticillata  (Willd.)  Nutt.    Alma,  C.  A. 
Davis;  Kalamazoo;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.    Rare. 

TRIPHORA  Nutt.     POGONIA  Juss.,  in  part. 

731.  T.  trianthophora    (Sw.)  Rydb.    Nodding  Pogonia.    pogonia  pendula  Lindl.    Dr. 
Wright;  Calvin,  Cass  Co.,  I.  N.  Mitchell;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.    Rare.    S.  W. 

ARETHUSA  Gronov. 

*732.  A.  bulbosa  L.  Arethusa.  In  sphagnous  swamps.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Ann 
Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;  Kalamazoo,  Tuthill;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Hubbardston,  and  north- 
ward. Rare.  Th. 

LIMODORUM  L.     CALOPOGON  R.  Br. 

*733.  L.  tuberosum  L.  Grass -pink  Colopogon.  Calopogon  pulchellus  R.  Br.  Bogs. 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Common.  Th. 

GYROSTACHYS  Pers.     SPIRANTHES  L.  C.  Richard. 

*734.  G.  cernua  (L.)  Kuntze.  Nodding  Ladies'  Tresses.  Spiranthes  cernua  Richard. 
Sphagnous  swamps.  Frequent.  Th. 

735.  G.  gracilis  (Bigel.)  Kuntze.    Slender  Ladies'  Tresses.    Spiranthes  gracilis  Bige- 
low.     S.  W.,  Wright's  Cat.;   Macomb  Co.;    Grand  Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.;   Kalamazoo, 
Tuthill;  Long  Lake  and  Pine  Plains,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.     L.  P. 

736.  G.  plantaginea  (Raf.)  Britt.    Wide-leaved  Ladies'  Tresses.    Spiranthes  latifolia 
Torr.    Drummond's  Island,  common,  and  S.  E.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Ros- 
common.     Rare  in  L.  P. 

737.  G.  stricta  Rydb.    Hooded  Ladies'  Tresses.    Not  G.  Romanzoffiana  as  has  been 
supposed.     Spiranthes  Romanzofliana  Chamisso.    Borders  of  Mud  Lake,  Northport,  E.  J. 
Hill;   St.  Clair  Co.,  A.  F.  Foerste;   Grayling,  G.  H.  Hicks;   Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis; 
Caribou  Islet,  Porter;   northward  to  L.  Superior.     Infrequent  southward.     Th. 

LISTERA  R.  Br. 

738.  L.  convallarioides  (Sw.)  Torr.    Round-lipped  Twayblade.    Not  common.    Whit- 
ney Cat.;  Isle  Royale,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  abundant  at  Pictured  Rocks,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Grand 

9 


66  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

Traverse  Co.;    Cheboygan  Co.,  B   &  K.;    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.   Farwell.     N.   &  U.  P. 

739.  L.  cordata   (L.)   R.  Br.     Tway  blade.     Whitney  Cat.;   Isle  Royale,  Dr.  A.  B. 
Lyons;.  Grayling,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  cedar  swamps,  Cheboy- 
gan Co.,  B.  &  K.    N.  &  U.  P. 

PERAMIUM  Salisb.     GOODYEEA  R.  Br. 

740.  P.  Menziesii    (Lindl.)    Morong.      Menzies'    Rattlesnake    Plantain.      Goodyera 
Menziesii  Lindl.     Grayling,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Boyne  Falls,  Northport  and  Frankfort,  E.  J. 
Hill;  Petoskey;  Isle  Royale  and  Traverse  Bay,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell.     Rare  in  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. 

*741.    P.    pubescens     (Willd.)    MacM.      Downy    Rattlesnake    Plantain.      Goodyera 
pulescens  R.  Br.    Woods.    Frequent.    Th. 

742.  P.  repens  ophioides  (Fernald)  Heller.    Lesser  Rattlesnake  Plantain.    Goodyera 
repens  R.  Br.    Bangor,  Van  Buren  Co.,  Bailey;  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.;  Roscommon. 
Co.,  Dr.  D.  Cooley;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Petoskey  and  northward.    Infrequent.    Th. 

ACHROANTHES  Raf.     MICEOSTYLIS  Nutt. 

743.  A.  monophylla   (L.)   Greene.     White  Adder's -mouth.     Microstylis  monopJiylla 
Lindl.    Hubbardston;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  bogs  near  Long  Lake  and  Black  Lake,  Che- 
boygan Co.,  B.  &  K.    Rare. 

744.  A.  unifolia  (Michx.)   Raf.     Green  Adder's -mouth.     Microstylis  opMofflossoides 
Nutt.    Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Hubbardston;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Lenawee 
Co.,  F.  G.  Comstock.    Rare. 

LEPTORCHIS  Thouars.    LIPARIS  L.  C.  Richard. 

745.  L.  liliifolia  (L.)  Kuntze.    Large  Twayblade.    Liparis  liliifolia  Richard.    S.  W. 
Wright's  Cat. 

746.  L.  Loesellii   (L.)  MacM.     Fen  Orchis.    Liparis  Loeselii  Richard.     Ann  Arbor. 
Allmendinger  Cat.;  abundant  in  a  tamarack  swamp  near  Hubbardston;  S.  Haven,  L.  H. 
Bailey;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Sault  de  Ste.  Marie,  Porter; 
Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.    Th. 

CALYPSO  Salisb. 

747.  C.  borealis  (L.)  Oakes.     Calypso.    Forty-mile  Point,  Presque  Isle  Co.,  Winch. 
Cat.;  shores  of  Higgins  Lake,  Dr.  D.  Cooley;  Mount  Pleasant,  E.  F.  Smith;  Grayling, 
G.  H.  Hicks;  Frankfort,  E.  J.  Parker;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Mackinac,  Whit- 
ney Cat.;  L.  Superior,  J.  Macoun.  in  Can.  Cat. 

TIPULARIA  Nutt. 

748.  T.  unifolia   (Muhl.)   B.  S.  P.     Crane-fly  Orchis.     T.  discolor  Nutt.     Coleman 
Cat.;  N.  Mich.,  D.  Cooley;  eastern  coast  of  L.  Huron,  J.  Macoun.     Our  rarest  orchid. 

APLECTRUM  Nutt. 

*749.  A.  spicatum  (Wallt.)  B.  S.  P.  Adam-and-Eve.  Putty-root.  A.  hiemale  Nutt. 
Rich  woods.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;  Detroit,  Gillman;  Macomb  Co.;  Montcalm  Co.; 
Flint;  Hubbardston;  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman's  Cat.;  Niles,  Mitchell;  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Scarce. 

CORALLORHIZA  R.  Br. 

*750.  C.  Corallorhiza  (L.)  Karst.  Early  Coral-root.  C.  innata  R.  Br.  S.  E.,  Wright 
Cat.;  Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co.;  Harmon;  Grayling;  Frankfort;  L.  Superior;  S.  W.,  H.  S. 
Pepoon.  Not  rare.  Whitney  Cat.  Th. 

*751.  C.  multiflora  Nutt.  Large  Coral-root.  Hubbardston;  S.  W.,  Wright  Cat.; 
Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  northward  to  Lake 
Superior.  Th. 

752.  C.  odontorhiza  (Willd.)  Nutt.    Small-flowered  Coral-root.    Hubbardston;  Flint; 
Frankfort;  Oscoda;  northward  to  Lake  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.     Th. 

753.  C.  striata  Lindl.     Striped  Coral-root.     Frankfort;  Comins,  Oscoda  Co.;  abun- 
dant at  Mackinac;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Becoming 
scarce,  N.  &  U.  P. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  67 

SAURURACE^  Lindl.     Lizard's-tail  Family. 

SAURURUS  L. 
*752.     S.  cernuus  L.     Lizard's -tail.     Swamps,  river-sides.     Common.     C.  &  S. 

JUGLANDACE^)  Lindl.     Walnut  Family. 
JUGLANS  L. 

*753.    J.  cinerea  L.     Butternut.    Low  rich  woods. 

*754.    J.  nigra  L.    Black  Walnut.    Becoming  scarce  from  Bay  City  south.    C.  &  S. 

HICORIA  Raf.    CABYA  Nutt. 

*755.  H.  alba  (L.)  Britton.  Mocker-nut.  Gary  a  tomentosa  Nutt.  Dry  Woods. 
Flint;  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman's  Cat.;  Three  Rivers;  Cassopolis,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Rare.  C.  &  S. 

756.  H.    borealis   Ashe.     Northern   Hickory.     Belle   Isle,    Detroit,  O.    A.   Farwell; 
Rochester,  W.  A.  Brotherton,  and  probably  elsewhere. 

757.  H.  glabra   (Mill.)   Britton.     Pig-nut  Hickory.     Gary  a  porclna  Nutt.     Woods. 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.    C.  &  S. 

758.  H.  laciniosa   (Michx.  f.)   Sarg.     King-nut.     Gary  a  sulcata  Nutt.     Monroe  Co., 
White  Pigeon,  W.  J.  B.;  Teconsha,  G.  W.  Davis;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.    River  bot- 
toms.    Rare,  except  in  the  extreme  south. 

759.  H.  microcarpa    (Nutt.)    Britton.     Small-fruited  Hickory.     Gary  a  microcarpa 
Nutt.     Ann  Arbor;  Cassopolis;  Three  Rivers.     S. 

*760.  H.  minima  (Marsh.)  Britton.  Bitter-nut.  Garya  amara  Nutt.  Common:. 
C.  &  S. 

*761.  H.  ovata  (Mill.)  Britton.  Shag-bark.  C.  &  S.  Garya  alba  Nutt.  Common. 
C.  &  S. 

762.  H.  villosa   (Sargent)  Ashe.    Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

MYRICACE^E  Dumort.     Sweet-Gale  Family. 
MYRICA  L. 

763.  M.  cerifera  L.     Bayberry.     Wax-myrtle.     S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Wayne  Co., 
C.  A.  Davis. 

764.  M.  Gale  L.     Sweet  Gale.    Swamp  near  Crooked  Lake,  Emmet  Co.;  Harris ville; 
Manistee,  E.  J.  Hill;  Isle  Royale,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Roscommon,  C.  A.  Davis.    N.  &  U.  P. 

COMPTONIA  Banks. 

764.  C.  peregrina  (L.)  Coulter.  Sweet- fern.  Myrica  asplenifolia  L.  South,  Wr. 
Cat.;  Detroit,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Very  common  in  the  center  of  the 
State  and  northward  throughout  the  pine  country,  of  which  it  is  a  chracteristic 
species. 

SALICACE.E  Lindl.     Willow  Family. 
POPULUS  L. 

*765.     P.  alba  L.     White  Poplar.     Abele.     Occasionally  escaped  from  cultivation. 

*766.  P.  balsamifera  L.  Balsam  Poplar.  River  banks.  A  small  tree  in  Michigan. 
Northward.  Th. 

766a.  P.  candicans  Ait.  Balm  of  Gilead.  P.  balsamifera  candicans  A.  Gray.  Cul- 
tivated, occasional.  Indigenous  northward. 

*768.  P.  deltoides  Marsh.  Cottonwood.  P.  monilifera,  Ait.  Sometimes  a  large  tree, 
three  feet  in  diameter.  Infrequent.  Collected  by  the  Forestry  Commission,  June,  1888, 
in  Alcona  Co.  L.  P. 

*769.     P.   dilatata  Ait.     Lombardy   Poplar.     Occasionally  escaped   from   cultivation. 

*770.  P.  grandidentata  Michx.  Large-toothed  Aspen.  Woods.  Common  northward, 
but  "rare  in  U.  P."  Whitney  Cat.;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 


68  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OP  SCIENCE. 

771.     P.  heterophylla  L.    Swamp  or  Downy  Poplar.    Cass  Co.,  J.  H.  Roy. 
*772.     P.  tremuloides  Michx.    American  Aspen.    Woods  and  lake  shores;  most  abun- 
dant in  U.  P.,  Whitney.     Common.     Th. 

SALIX  L. 

773.  S.  adenophylla  Hook.  Tomentose  Willow.  Beach  sand,  Lake  Michigan,  and 
northward.  Petoskey;  St.  Jo.,  Dr.  Wright  in  Torr.  Herb.,  Bebb.  Hooker's  original  speci- 
mens came  from  Labrador. 

*774.     S.  alba  vitellina  (L.)  Koch.     Golden  Willow.    Naturalized  from  Europe. 

*755.  S.  amygdaloides  Anders.  Peadi-leaved  Willow.  Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark;  Hub- 
bardston;  Harrisville;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Th. 

776.  S.  balsamifera  (Hook.)  Barratt.    Balsam  Willow.    Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark;  Kewee- 
naw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  near  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

777.  S.  balsamifera  lanceolata  Bebb.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

778.  S.  balsamifera  vegeta  Bebb.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*779.  S.  Bebbiana  Sarg.  Bebbs'  Willow.  8.  rostrata  Richardson.  Moist  or  dry 
ground.  Common.  Th. 

779a.  S.  Babbiana  x  petiolaris  No.  37  Bebb.  Herb.  Salicum.    Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark. 
*780.     S.  Candida  Fluegge.     Hoary  Willow.     Usually  in  tamarack  swamps.     Rare  in 
S.  part  of  the  State.    Common  northward.    Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.    Th. 

781.     S.  Candida  x  cordata  Bebb.     Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark;  Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 
*782.     S.  cordata  Muhl.    Heart-leaved  Willow.    Along  streams.    Narrow-leaved  forms 
occur  in  the  central  and  southern 'parts  of  the  State;  at  Petoskey,  broadly  ovate-heart- 
shaped  leaved  forms  occur.     Common.     Th. 

783.    S.  cordata  angustata  (Pursh.)  Anders.    Ypsilanti,  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
*784.     S.  cordata  x  sericea  Bebb.    L.  H.  Bailey;  Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark. 
*785.     S.  discolor  Muhl.     Glaucous  Willow.    River  banks.     Common. 

786.  S.  eriocephala  Michx.  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.  8.  discolor  eriocepJiala 
Anders. 

789.  S.  fragilis  L.  Brittle  Willow.  Planted  in  cities  and  villages.  Birmingham,  S. 
Alexander. 

*790.     S.  fragilis  x  alba  Wimmer.    Coleman's  Catalogue;  Palmer's  Cat. 
*791.     S.  glaucophylla  Bebb.    Broad-leaved  Willow.    Hubbardston;  Petoskey,  frequent 
along  the  shores  of  Little  Traverse  Bay,  and  shores  of  the  Great  Lakes.    Rare  in  the 
interior.     Th. 

792.  S.  glaucophylla  angustifolia  Bebb.     Sturgeon  Point,  Alcona  Co. 

793.  S.  glaucophylla  brevifolia  Bebb.    Shores  of  Little  Traverse  Bay,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 
*794.     S.  humilis  Marshall.     Prairie  Willow.     Common  northward  to  Marquette  Co., 

Burt  MS.   Cat.     A  very  broad-leaved  form  with  the  young  leaves  round  obovate  to 
nearly  round,  collected  by  O.  A.  Farwell,  Keweenaw  Co.;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 
*795.     S.  humilis  x  discolor  Bebb.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
795a.  S.  interior  Rowlee.     Wet  places.    Common.    Th. 

796.  S.  interior  Wheeleri  Rowlee.  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Far- 
well. 

*797.     S.  lucida  Muhl.     Shining  Willow.     Along  streams.     Variable.     Common.     Th. 
*798.     S.  myrtilloides  L.     Myrtle  Willow.     Sphagnous  swamps.     S.  E.,  Winch.  Cat.; 
Ionia  to  L.  Superior.     Frequent.     Th. 

799.    S.  myrtilloides  pedicellaris  Anders.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
*800.     S.  nigra  Marshall.     Black  Willow.     Along  streams;   a  small  tree.     Th. 
801.     S.  nigra  falcata   (Pursh.)   Torr.     Bay  City  and  vicinity,  Gv  M.  Bradford. 
*802.     S.  petiolaris  J.  L.  Smith.     Petioled" Willow.     With  the  last.     From  Sault  de 
Ste.  Marie  southward.    Ionia  Co.    Frequent.     Th. 

803.  S.  petiolaris  gracilis  Anders.     Slender  Willow.     S.  western  part  of  the  State. 

804.  S.  petiolaris  x  Candida  Bebb.     Herb  Salicum,  No.  30.     Originally  from  Has- 
call's  swamp,  nea,r  Flint,  Mich.,  where  it  was  discovered  by  Daniel  Clarke,  M.  D.,  in 
1872 — the  locality  being  soon  after  obliterated.     Should  it  be  deemed  advisable  here- 
after to  treat  supposed  hybrids  as  quasi-species,  after  the  manner  of  Anderson,  Kerner 
and  others,  I  very  much  wish  that  this  beautiful  willow  should  be  called  S.  Clarkei, 
to  commemorate  the  name  of  a  botanist  who  has  done  more  than  any  other  to  give 
an  impetus  to  the  study  of  hybrid  willows  in  this  country,  M.  S.  Bebb,  1880.     Swamp 
near  Hubbardston,  Ionia  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*805.     S.  proinoides  Pursh.     8.  discolor  prinoides   (Pursh.)   Anders.     Common. 

*806.  S.  sericea  Marshall.  Silky-Willow.  Drummond's  Is.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ionia  Co., 
and  southward  to  S.  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey;  shore  of  Black  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.  Very 
common  in  central  part  of  the  State;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  69 

807.  S.  sericea  x  Candida  Bebb.,  forma  denudata  Bebb.  Herb.  Salicum;  Flint,  Dr. 
Clark. 

808.  S.  sericea  x  Candida  Bebb.  Herb.  Salicum,  No.  32.     Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark;   Hub- 
bardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

809.  S.  tristis  Ait.    Dwarf  Gray  Willow.    Alcona  Co.;  Barren  Lake,  Cass  Co.;  Mon- 
roe Co.     Infrequent. 

::810.  S.  viminalis  L.  Basket  Osier.  Woodward  Lake,  Ionia  Co.;  S.  Haven,  L.  H. 
Bailey. 

BETULACEJE  Agardh.     Birch  Family. 
CARPINUS  L. 

*811.  C.  Caroliniana  Walter,  American  Hornbeam.  Blue  or  Water  Beech.  Along 
streams.  Th. 

OSTRYA  Scop. 

*812.  0.  Virginica  (Mill.)  Willd.  American  Hop-Hornbeam.  Lever-wood.  Rich 
woods.  Common.  Th. 

CORYLUS  L. 

*813.     C.  Americana  Walt.    Wild  Hazel-nut.     Thickets.    Common.     Th. 

814.  C.  rostrata  Ait.     Beaked  Hazel-nut.     Hubbardston;   and  common  northward. 
St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

BETULA  L. 

815.  B.  glandulosa  Michx.     Dwarf  Birch.     Burt's  MS.  Cat.;   Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell.    U.  P. 

*816.  B.  lenta  L.  Cherry  Birch.  Sweet  or  Black  Birch.  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.; 
S.  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Lenawee  Co.,  W.  J.  B.;  Hubbardston;  Flint  and  northward  to 
L.  Superior.  Rare  in  the  south,  but  attains  a  "monstrous  size"  on  Drummond's  Island, 
Winch.  Cat.  Th. 

817.  B.  lutea  Michx.  f.  Yellow  or  Gray  Birch.  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  S.  Haven, 
L.  H.  Bailey,  to  L.  Superior.  Common  along  the  line  of  the  F.  &  P.  M.  R.  R.  and  north- 
ward to  the  Traverse  country;  a  large  tree  south  of  the  Grand-Saginaw  valley;  Alma, 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*818.  B.  papyrifera  Marshall.  Paper  or  Canoe  Birch.  White  Birch.  Extends  south- 
ward to  Lansing  and  perhaps  further.  Frequent  at  Crystal  Lake,  Montcalm  Co.,  as  a 
small  tree. 

*819.     B.  pumila  L.    Low  Birch.     Swamps.    Variable.    Frequent.    Th. 

ALNUS  Gaertn. 

820.  A.  Alnobetula  (Ehrh.)  K.  Koch.  Green  Alder.  A.  viridis  DC.  "Dry  rocky  land," 
Whitney's  Cat.;  Isle  Royale,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  high  hills,  Escanaba,  E.  J.  Hill;  Kewee- 
naw Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Common.  U.  P. 

*821.  A.  incana  (L.)  Willd.  Speckled  or  Hoary  Alder.  Borders  of  streams.  The 
prevailing  alder  in  center  of  the  State  and  in  U.  P.  Common. 

822.  A.  rugosa  (DuRoi)  K.  Koch.  Smooth  Alder.  A.  serrulata  Willd.  Smooth 
Alder.  Macomb  Co.;  Traverse  City  and  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Burt's  MS.  Cat.  Rare 
or  local. 

FAGACE^J  Drude.     Beech  Family. 
FAGUS  L. 

*823.  F.  Americana  Sweet.  American  Beech.  F.  ferruginea  Ait.  Common  in  L.  P., 
but  rare  in  U.  P.  Occurs  at  Mackinac  and  Pictured  Rocks;  St.  Mary's  River,  Macoun. 
Th. 

CASTANEA  Adans. 

824.  C.  dentata  (Marsh.)  Borkh.  American  Chestnut.  C.  sativa  Americana  S. 
Wats.  Occurs  abundantly  along  an  outcrop  of  Helderberg  limestone  in  E.  Monroe 
Co.  and  Wayne  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ann  Arbor,  Dr.  Steere;  Detroit  River  to  Lake  St. 
Clair,  Macoun,  in  Can.  Cat.;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.  S.  E. 


70  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

QUERCUS  L. 

*825.  Q.  acuminata  (Michx.)  Houda.  Chestnut  or  Yellow  Oak.  Q.  Muhleribergii 
Engelm.  Rich  woods.  A  medium  sized  tree.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  C.  &  S. 

*826.  Q.  alba  L.  White  Oak.  Rich  woods.  Rare  in  U.  P.,  Menominee  Co.,  Burt. 
MS.  Cat.  Common.  Th. 

827.  Q.  Alexander!  Britton.    Alexander's  Oak.    Birmingham,  Oakland  Co.    S.  Alex- 
ander;  Addison,  Lenawee  Co.,  O.  C.  McLouth.     Moist  land  adapted  to  swamp  white 
oak,  bitternut  and  American  Elm. 

828.  Q.  borealis  Michx.     Gray  Oak.     Q.  rubra  borealis    (Michx.)    0.  A.  Farwell, 
similar  to  Red  Oak.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Referred  by   Elgelmann  to  Q. 
rubra  L. 

*829.     Q.  coccinea  Wang.     Scarlet  Oak.     Frequent.     L.  P. 

830.  Q.  coccinea  x  palustris  Hill.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Frequent. 

831.  Q.  ellipsoidalis  E.  J.  Hill.    Hill's  Oak.    A  tall  tree  on  moist  sandy  land.    West 
of  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

832.  Q.  imbricaria  Michx.     Laurel  or  Shingle  Oak.     Barrens,  Galesburg,  H.  Dale 
Adams;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;  S.  Mich.,  Dr.  Wright.    Rare. 

833.  Q.  Leana  Nutt.     Q.  imbricaria  x  velutina  Jackson,  S.  H.  Camp;  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis. 

*834.  Q.  macrocarpa  Michx.  Burr  Oak.  Over-cup  or  Mossy-cup  Oak.  Rich  soil. 
Common.  A  form  of  this  oak  occurs  in  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.  Lower  falls  of  Menom- 
inee River,  the  farthest  north  of  any  station  in  the  State,  C.  F.  Wheeler.  Th. 

835.  Q.  palustris  DuRoi.  Swamp,  Spanish,  or  Pin  Oak.  Only  seen  in  the  S.  por- 
tion of  the  State;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Belle  Isle;  Monroe  Co.;  Jackson,  Mar- 
shall, W.  J.  B.;  Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper;  Ypsilanti,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*836.  Q.  platanoides  (Lam.)  Sudw.  Swamp  White  Oak.  Q.  bicolor  Willd.  Low 
ground.  A  large  tree.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

837.  Q.  prinoides  Willd.  Dwarf  Chestnut  Oak.  A  low  shrub  or  small  tree.  Maeomb 
Co.;  Barron  Lake,  Cass  Co.;  Brighton,  Dr.  J.  B.  Steere;  Hubbardston;  Muir;  Gratiot 
Co.,  Washtenaw  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*838.     Q.  rubra  L.    Red  Oak.    In  the  C.  &  S.,  a  large  tree. 

839.  Q.  Schneckii  Britton.  Schneck's  Red  Oak.  Q.  Texana  Sargent.  Texas  Oak. 
Wet  woods,  east  of  Ypsilanti,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*840.  Q.  velutina  Lam.  Black  Oak.  L.  P.  Q.  coccinea  tinctoria  A.  Gray.  This 
species  and  Q.  coccinea  occur  together  in  the  C.,  and  are  seldom  large — usually  40-50  ft., 
and  12-15  inches  in  diameter. 

ULMACE^E  Mirbel.      Elm  Family. 
ULMUS  L. 

*841.    U.  Americana  L.    White  or  American  Elm.    Low  grounds.    Common.    Th. 
*842.     U.  fulva  Michx.     Slippery  or  Red  Elm.    Rich  soil.    Frequent.    Th. 
*843.    U.  racemosa  Thomas.    Cork  or  Rock  Elm.    River  banks.    Frequent.    Th. 

CELTIS  L. 
*844.     C.  occidentalis  L.    Hackberry.    Sugarberry.    River  banks.    Frequent.    C.  &  S. 

MORACEJE  Lindl.     Mulberry  Family. 
MORUS  L. 

845.  M.  alba  L.  White  Mulberry.  Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Birmingham,  S. 
Alexander. 

*846.  M.  rubra  L.  Red  Mulberry.  A  small  tree  on  river  bottoms.  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis.  C.  &  S. 

HUMULUS  L. 
847.     H.  Lupulus  L.    Common  Hop.    Banks  of  streams.    Frequent  northward.    Th. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  71 

CANNABIS  L. 
*848.    C.  sativa  L.    Hemp.    Waste  places.    Frequent. 

URTICACE^E  Beichenb.     Nettle  Family. 
URTICA  L. 

849.    U.  dioica  L.    Great  Nettle.    Waste  places.    Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Manistee, 
F.  P.  Daniels.     Occasional. 

*850.    U.  gracilis  Ait.     Slender  Nettle.    Moist  ground.    Common.     Th. 

URTICASTRUM  Fabr.    LAPORTEA  Gaud. 

*851.  U.  divaricatum  (L.)  Kuntze.  Wood  Nettle.  Laportea  Canadensis  Gaud.  Thick 
woods  along  streams.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

ADICEA  Raf.     PILEA  Lindl. 

852.    A.  pumila   (L.)  Raf.     Richweed.     Piled  pumila  A.  Gray.  -Low  woods.     Com- 
mon.   C.  &  S. 

BOEHMERIA  Jacq. 

*523.    B.  cylindrica  (L.)  Willd.    False  Nettle.    Moist  ground.    Common.    C.  &  S. 

LORANTHACE.E  D.  Don.     Mistletoe  Family. 
RAZOUMOFSKYA  Hoffm. 

854.  R.  pusilla    (Peck)   Kuntze.     Small  Mistletoe.     ArceuthoMum  pusillum  Peck. 
Chatham,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Turin,  B.  Barlow;  south  of  Cadillac,  C.  A.  Davis.    Parasitic 
on  spruces  distorting  the  branches. 

SANTALACE.E  B.  Br.     Sandalwood  Family. 
COMANDRA  Nutt. 

855.  C.   livida    A.   DC.     Northern    Comandra.     "Sandy    shores,    L.    Superior,"    A. 
Gray;   Traverse  City,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;   Isle  Royale,  Whitney  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwcll.    U.  P. 

*856.  C.  umbellata  (L.)  Nutt.  Bastard  Toad-flax.  Dry  ground.  Indifferently  para- 
sitic on  roots.  Common.  Th. 

ARISTOLOCHIACE.E  Blume.     Birthwort  Family. 
ASARUM  L. 

*857.  A.  acuminatum  (Ashe.)  Bicknell.  Long-tipped  Wild  Ginger.  Agricultural 
College,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

*858.    A.  Canadense  L.     Wild  Ginger.    Moist  woods.     Common. 

•859.  A.  reflexum  Bicknell.  Short-lobed  Wild  Ginger.  Muskegon,  C.  D.  McLouth; 
Saginaw,  W.  S.  Cooper;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

860.  A.  reflexum  ambiguum  Bicknell.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

ARISTOLOCHIA  L. 

861.  A.   Serpentaria   L.     Virginia  Snakeroot.     Manistee,  F.   P.  Daniels;    Detroit, 
O.  A.  Farwell.    Rare. 


72  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

POLYGONACE^E  Lindl.     Buckwheat  Family. 
RUMEX  L. 

862.  R.  Acetosa  L.  Sorrel  Dock.  Very  abundant  at  Point-aux-Pins,  above  Sault 
de  Ste.  Marie,  Macoun;  N.  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Pitcher,  Trelease's  Revision  of 
Rumex;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*863.     R.  Acetosella  L.     Field  or  Sheep  Sorrel.     Sterile  fields.    Common.     Th. 

*864.  R.  altissimus  Wood.  Pale  Dock.  Sault  de  Ste.  Marie,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ionia; 
near  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Apparently  introduced  at  the  College.  Rare. 

*865.  R.  Britannica  L.  Great  Water-dock.  Wet  places.  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis; 
Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  and  northward.  Frequent. 

*866.     R.  crispus  L.     Curled  Dock.    Narrow  Dock.    Everywhere  in  fields.    Th. 
866a.  R.  obtusifolius  L.    Broad-leaved  Dock.    Th. 

*867.  R.  obusifolius  x  crispus  Trelease.  North  Manitou  Isle.,  Mrs.  Wislizenus. 
Trelease,  Revision  of  Rumex. 

*868.     R.  Patientia  L.    Patience  Dock.    Adventitious  at  Portland,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

869.  R.  salicifolius  Weinm.    White  Dock.    Shore  of  Little  Traverse  Bay,  and  north- 
ward.   Scarce.    N.  &  U.  P. 

870.  R.  sanguineus  L.     Red-veined  Dock.     Introduced  from  Europe. 
*871.    R.  verticillatus  L.     Swamp  Dock.     River  banks.     Frequent.     L.  P. 

FAGOPYRUM   Gaertn. 

*872.  F.  Fagopyrum  (L.)  Karst.  Buckwheat.  F.  esculentum  Moench.  Persistent 
in  fields. 

POLYGONUM  L. 

*873.     P.  amphibium  L.    Water  Persicaria.    Borders  of  ponds.    Frequent.    Th. 

874.  P.  arifolium  L.  Halberd-leaved  Tear-thumb.  Low  grounds.  South  Haven, 
L.  H.  Bailey;  Gros.  Cap,  L.  Mich.  Winch.  Cat.;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.  Infrequent.  L.  P. 

*875.    P.  aviculare  L.    Knot-grass.    The  commonest  of  weeds.    Th. 

876.  P.  Careyi  Olney,     Carey's  Persicaria.     Fort  Gratiot.     Dr.  Z.  Pitcher. 

877.  P.  cilinode  Michx.    Fringed  Black  Bindweed.    Copses.    S.  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey; 
Huron  and  Roscommon  counties,  C.  A.  Davis.     Common  northward.    Th. 

*878.     P.  Convolvulus  L.     Black  Bindweed.    Waste  grounds.     Common.     Th. 

*879.    P.  dumetorun  L.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.    • 

*880.  P.  emersum  (Michx.)  Britton.  Swamp  Persicaria.  P.  Muhleribergii  S.  Wats. 
East  shore  of  Lake  Huron,  J.  Macoun;  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Grand  Rapids;  Indian  River; 
Black  Lake;  Cheboygan  Co.;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor;  C.  A.  Davis;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

*881.     P.  erectum  L.     Erect  Knot  grass.     Waste  places.     Common. 

*882.  P.  Hartwrightii  A.  Gray.  Hart  Wright's  Persicaria.  Kalamazoo,  Tuthill; 
Indian  River;  Black  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  and  K.;  Lena  wee  Co.,  W.  J.  B.;  Kewee- 
naw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*883.  P.  Hydropiper  L.  Common  Smartweed  or  Water-pepper.  Moist  grounds. 
Common.  Th. 

*884.  P.  hydropiperoides  Michx.  Mild  Water-pepper.  Wet  places.  Common.  C.  &  S. 
885.  P.  hydropiperoides  Macouni  Small.  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*886.    P.  incarnatum  Ell.     Slender  Pink  Persicaria.     Frequent. 

*887.  P.  lapathifolium  L.  Dock-leaved  Persicaria.  River  banks.  Ionia  Co.;  Grand 
Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Frequent. 

888.  P.  lapathifolium  incanum  (Shmidt.)   Koch.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  L. 
Superior,  O.  B.  Wheeler.    Th. 

889.  P.  lapathifolium  nodosum   (Pers.)    Small.     Escanaba,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Detroit, 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

*890.  P.  littorale  Link.    Shore  Knotweed.    Frequent.    Th. 

*891.  P.  orientale  L.     Prince's  Feather.     Sparingly  escaped  from  gardens. 

*892.  P.  Pennsylvanicum  L.  Pennsylvania  Persicaria.  Low  grounds.  Ionia  Co.; 
Clinton  Co.;  Flint;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

*893.  P.  Persicaria  L.    Lady's  Thumb.    Waste  places.    Common.    Th. 

*894.  P.  punctatum  Ell.  Water  Smartweed.  P.  acre  H.  B.  K.  Wet  places.  Ann 

Arbor;  Ionia  Co.;  Mackinac,  Winch.  Cat.;  Flint.  Frequent.  L.  P. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  73 

895.  P.   ramosissium  Michx.     Bushy  Knotweed.     Les    Cheneaux  Islands,   Corvell' 
Alpena,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

896.  P.  Rayi  Babing.    Ray's  Knotweed.    Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell.    Frequent. 
*897.     P.  sagittatum  L.    Arrow-leaved  Tear-thumb.    Low  grounds.    Frequent.    Th. 
*898.    P.  scandens  L.    Climbing  False  Buckwheat.    P.  dumetorum  scandens  A.  Gray. 

Moist  thickets.     Frequent.     Th. 

*899.  P.  tenue  Michx.  Slender  Knot-grass.  Sterile  soil.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.; 
common  in  Ionia  Co.;  Macomb  Co.,  and  northward. 

*900.     P.  Virginianum  L.    Virginia  Knotweed.    Thickets.    Common.    C.  &  S. 

901.  P.  viviparum  L.    Alpine  Bistort.     Shore  of  L.  Superior,  A.  Gray;  Isle  Royale, 
Whitney  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.     Common. 

POLYGONELLA  Michx. 

902.  P.  articulata   (L.)   Meisn.     Coast  Jointweed.     Traverse  City,  Winch.  Cat.;  L. 
Superior,  Whitney  Cat.;   Oscoda;  Black  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Indian  River, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;   Harrison,  W.  J.  B.;   Crawford  Co.,  O.  Palmer;  shores  of  Cable  Lake, 
.Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.    N.  &  U.  P. 

CHENOPODIACE^:  Dumort.     Goosefoot  Family. 
CHENOPODIUM  L. 

*903.  C.  album  L.  Lamb's  quarters.  Pigweed.  Waste  and  cultivated  ground.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

*904.     C.  album  viride  (L.)  Moq.     Keweenaw  Co.,  Detroit,  Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*905.  C.  ambrosioides  L.  Mexican  Tea.  Waste  places.  Macomb  Co.;  Detroit;  Ann 
Arbor,  Miss  Clark;  S.  W.,  Wright.  Cat.  Scarce.  S. 

906.  C.  anthelminticum  L.    Wormseed.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Port  Huron,  C.  K. 
Dodge. 

907.  C.  Bonus-Henricus  L.     Good  King  Henry.     Flint,  Dr.  Clark.     Infrequent. 
*908.    C.  Botrys  L.     Jerusalem   Oak.     Feather  Geranium.     Escaped  from  gardens. 

Abundant  at  Indian  River,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Port  Crescent,  C.  A. 
Davis. 

*909.  C.  glaucum  L.  Oak-leaved  Goosefoot.  Detroit  and  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Far- 
well;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*910.    C.  hybridum  L.    Maple-leaved  Goosefoot.    Waste  grounds.    Common.    Th. 

911.  C.  leptophyllum   (Moq.)   Nutt.     Narrow-leaved  Goosefoot.     Bay  City,  Charle- 
voix,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

912.  C.  murale  L.     Nettle-leaved  Goosefoot.     Grand  Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.;   Ypsi- 
lanti and  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

913.  C.  rubrum  L.     Red  Goosefoot.     Grand  Rapids,  H.  C.  Skeels;  Bay  City,  G.  M. 
Bradford. 

*914.  C.  urbicum  L.  Upright  Goosefoot.  Waste  grounds.  Ionia,  Co.;  Flint;  Grand 
Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent.  S. 

BLITUM  L. 

*915.  B.  capitatum  L.  Strawberry  Elite.  Chenopodium  capitatum  Aschers.  Rich 
shady  ground.  Common.  Th. 

CYCLOLOMA  Moquin. 

*916.  C.  atriplicifolium  (Spreng.)  Coulter.  Winged  Pigweed.  (7.  platyphyllum  Moq. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

ATRIPLEX  L. 

*917.  A.  hastata  L.  Halberd-leaved  Orache.  A.  patulum  hastatum  A.  Gray.  Com- 
mon at  Detroit,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

918.    A.  patula  L.    Spreading  Orache.    A.  littoralis  (L.)  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;  along 
the  Great  Lakes.  • 
10 


74  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

CORISPERMUM  L. 

919.  C.  hyssopifolium  L.     Bug-seed.     Frankfort,  C.  A.  Davis;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Far- 
well;  S.  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey;  and  morthward  to  L.  Superior,  along  the  shores  of  the 
Great  Lakes. 

SALSOLA  L. 

920.  S.  Tragus  L.     Russian  Thistle.     8.  Kali  Tragus  Moq.     Well  scattered  over 
the  State. 

AMARANTHACEJE  J.  St.  Hil.     Amaranth  Family. 

AMARANTHUS  L. 

*921.    A.  blitoides  S.  Wats.    Prostrate  Amaranth.    Lately  introduced  from  the  west, 
spreading  rapidly  along  railroad  tracks. 

*922.    A.  graecizans  L.     Tumble-weed.     A.  albus  L.    Fields  and  gardens.     Frequent. 
Th. 

923.    A.  hybridus  L.     Slender  Pigweed.     A..   Tiypochondriacus  L.     A.  cMorostacJiys 
Willd.    Scarcely  escaped  from  gardens.    Ann  Arbor,  Miss  Clark;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
*924.    A.  retroflexus  L.    Rough  Pigweed.    A  common  weed  in  gardens.    Th. 
925.    A.  spinosus  L.    Spiny  Amaranth.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

ACNIDA  L. 

*926.    A.  tamariscina  concatenata  (Moq.)  Uline  &  Bray.    Frequent  in  Grand  River 
Valley;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

.  *927.    A.  tamariscina  tuberculata  (Moq.)  Uline  &  Bray.     Low  grounds.     S.  Mich., 

Winch.  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Macomb  Co.  Frequent.    C.  &  S. 

PHYTOLACCACE^E  Lindl.     Pokeweed  Family. 
PHYTOLACCA  L. 

*928.    P.  decandra  L.    Garget.    Poke.    Scoke.    Pigeon-berry.    Fields.    Frequent.    C. 
&  S. 

NYCTAGINACE^E  Lindl.     Four-o'clock  Family. 
ALLIONIA  Loefl.     OXYPHABUS  L'Her. 

929.  A.  hirsuta  Pursh.  Hairy  Umbrella-wort.  Oxybaphus  albidus  Choisy.  Grand 
Rapids,  C.  W.  Follass. 

*930.    A.  nyctaginea  Michx.     Heart-leaved  Umbrella-wort.     Oxybaphus  nyctagineus 
Sweet.    Richmond,  W.  A.  Brotherton. 

ALZOACEJE  A.   Br.     Carpet-weed  Family. 

MOLLUGO  L. 
*931.    M.  verticillata  L.    Carpet-weed.    Roadsides  and  sandy  fields.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

PORTULACACEJE  Beichenb.     Purslane  Family. 
CLAYTONIA  L. 

932.  C.  Caroliniana  Michx.  Carolina  Spring-beauty.  Only  found  in  the  northern 
part  of  the  State.  Frankfort,  E.  J.  Parker;  Mackinac,  July,  1888,  G.  H.  Hicks; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alpena,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*933.    C.  Virginica  L.    Spring-beauty.    An  early  and  very  pretty  spring  flower.    Com- 
mon.   Th. 

•  PORTULACA  L. 

934.    P.  grandiflora  Hook.     Garden  Portulaca.    Ypsilanti,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*935.    P.  oleracea  L.     Purslane.     Pussley.     Very  tenacious  of  life — a  vile  weed  in 
gardens.    Very  common. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  75 

CARYOPHYLLACE^E  Belch.     Pink  Family. 
AGROSTEMMA  L. 

*936.  A.  Githago  L.  Corn  Cockle.  Lychnis  GitJiago  Scop.  In  wheat  fields,  but 
easily  eradicated  by  sowing  clean  seed-wheat.  Common. 

SILENE  L. 

*937.    S.  antirrhina  L.     Sleepy  Catchfly.     Common. 

938.  S.  Anneria  L.  Sweet  William  Catchfly.  Baldwin,  W.  J.  B.j  Ypsilanti,  O.  A. 
Farwell. 

*939.    S.  noctiflora  L.    Night-flowering  Catchfly.    Frequent  in  cultivated  grounds.  Th. 

940.  S.   stellata    (L.)   Alton.     Starry   Campion.     Dr.  Wright;    Constantine,  C.  F. 
Wheeler.    S. 

941.  S.  Virginica  L.     Fire  Pink.     Catchfly.     Winchell  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A. 
Farwell.     Open  woods,  Lake  Huron,  Todd;  islands  in  Detroit  River.    Maclagan,  Can- 
adian Catalogue.     Th. 

942.  S.  vulgaris  (Moench.)  Garcke.    Bladder  Campion.    S.  Cucubalus  Wibel.    Port 
Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;   Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

LYNCHNIS  L. 

944.  L.  alba  Mill.  Evening  Lynchnis.  White  Campion.  L.  vespertina  Sibth.  L.  P. 
Rather  common. 

*945.  L.  Coronaria  (L.)  Desr.  Mullein  Pink.  Keweenaw  Co.;  Grand  Traverse,  A.  B. 
Lyons;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

GYPSOPHILA  L. 
946.    G.  muralis  L.    Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

SAPONARIA  L. 

*947.  S.  officinalis  L.  Bouncing  Bet.  Soapwort.  Waste  places  and  roadsides.  Old 
Mission,  E.  J.  Hill;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Th. 

VACCARIA  Medic.    SAPONABIA  L.,  in  part. 

*948.  V.  Vaccaria  (L.)  Britton.  Cow-Herb.  Saponaria  Vaccaria  L.  Muir;  S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.  Sparingly  in- 
troduced. Th. 

DIANTHUS   L. 

949.  D.  Armeria  L.    Deptford  Pink.    Midland,  E.  P.  Rice;  Rochester,  W.  A.  Broth- 
erton;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

950.  D.  barbatus  L.    Sweet  William.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P. 
Daniels;  St.  Clair,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

951.  D.  deltoides  L.    Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

ALSINE  L.     STELLABIA  L. 

952.  A.  borealis  (Bigel.)  Britton.    Northern  Stitchwort.    Stellaria  borealis  Bigelow. 
Point  au  Barques,  L.  Huron,  and  Isle  aux  Train,  Gillman;  also,  Gray  in  Manual,  and 
Can.  Cat.;  Isle  Royale,  A.  E.  Foote.    Infrequent.    U.  P. 

953.  A.   borealis  alpestris   (Fries.)   Britton.    Stellaria  borealis  alpestris  A.  Gray. 
Alpena,  Escanaba,  Marquette,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

954.  A.  crassifolia  (Khrh.)  Britton.    Fleshy  Stitchwort.    Stellaria  crassifolia  Ehrh. 
Dr.  Lyons;   Carson  City,  C.  F.  Wheeler.     Rare. 

*955.  A.  graminea  (L.)  Britton.  Lesser  Starwort.  Stellaria  gramminea  L.  Low 
ground.  Common.  Th. 

955a.  A.  longifolia  (Muhl.)  Britton.  Long-leaved  Stitchwort.  Low  grounds.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

956.  A.  longipes  (Goldie)  Coville.  Stellaria  longipes  Goldie.  Long-stalked  Stitch- 
wort. Gros  Cap,  L.  Mich.,  abundant  in  pure  sand,  Winch.  Cat.;  Lake  Superior,  Dr. 
A.  B.  Lyons.  Rare.  N.  &  U.  P. 


76  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

957.  A.  media  L.     Common  Chickweed.     Stellaria  media  Cyr.     Gardens  and  fields. 
A  very  abundant  and  hardy  little  weed.     Th. 

958.  A.  uliginosa   (Murr.)   Britton.     Bog  Sta-rwort.     Stellaria  uliginosa  Murr.    Dr. 
Lyons.     Infrequent.     U.  P. 

CERASTIUM  L. 

959.  C.  arvense  L.     Field  Chickweed.     Lake  Superior,  Can.  Cat.;  Mackinac,  G.  H. 
Hicks.     Infrequent.     Th. 

960.  C.  arvense  oblongifolium   (Torr.)   Holl.  &  Britt.     S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  wet 
woods  close  to  Amherstburgh,  Ont.,  Macoun;   Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

961.  C.  longipedunculatum  Muhl.     Nodding  Chickweed.     G.   nutans  Raf.     Macomb 
Co.;   Flint;   Lyons;   S.  W.,  H.   S.  Pepoon.     Found  on  low  grounds  from  Louisiana  to 
Hudson's  Bay.    Rare. 

962.  C.  semidecandrum  L.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

963.  C.  viscosum  L.     Larger  Mouse-ear.     Th.     Not  common. 
*964.     C.  vulgatum  L.     Mouse -ear  Chickweed.    Common.    Th. 

SAGINA  L. 

965.  S.  nodosa    (L.)    Fenzl.     Knotted  Pearlwort.     L.   Superior   and  northward  A. 
Gray;  Isle  Royale,  Whitney's  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Isle  Royale,  F.  E. 
Wood.    U.  P. 

966.  S.  procumbens  L.     Procumbent  Pearlwort.     Champion,  Mich.,  E.  J.  Hill. 

ARENARIA  L.     ALSINE  Wahl. 

*967.    A.  serpyllifolia  L.     Thyme-leaved  Sandwort.     Alsine  serpyllifolia  L.     Sandy 

fields.    Common.    Th. 

967a.  A.  serpyllifolia  tenuior  Roch.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  , 

968.    A.  stricta  Michx.     Rock  Sandwort.     Alsme  MicJiauaeii  Hook,  f.     S.  Michigan, 

Wright   Cat.;    Macomb   Co.;  'Montcalm   Co.;    L.    Sup.,   Can.   Cat.;    Constantine;    Three 

Rivers;  Alcona  Co.;  Crystal  Lake,  Benzie  Co.    Th. 

MOEHRINGIA  L.     ARENARIA  L.,  in  part. 

*969.    M.  lateriflora  (L.)  Fenzl.    Arenaria  lateriflora  L.    St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

970.  M.  macrophylla    (Hook.)   Torr.     Lake  Superior,  Britton  &  Brown.     Arenaria 
macrophylla  Hook. 

SPERGULA  L. 

971.  S.  arvensis  L.     Corn  Spurrey.     Dr.  Wright;  Dr.  Clark;   Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Introduced  from  Europe. 

TISSA  Adans.    BUDA  Adans.     SPERGULARIA  Pers.,  in  part. 

972.  T.  rubra   (L.)  Britton.     Purple  Sandwort.     Spergularia  rubra  Presl.     Litch- 
field,  W.  T.  Wallace;  Rochester,  W.  A.  Brotherton. 

ANYCHIA  Michx. 

973.  A.  Canadensis  (L.)  B.  S.  P.  Norvell,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Jonesville,  W.  T.  Wallace. 

974.  A.  dichotoma  Michx.     S.  Mich.,  Dr.  Wright;  Ann  Arbor;  Watkins  Sta.,  Dr. 
A.  B.  Lyons. 

SCLERANTHUS  L. 

*975.  S  annuus  L.  Knawel.  Naturalized  on  the  Agricultural  College  grounds;  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

NYMPHAEACE^E  DC.     Water  Lily  Family. 
BRASENIA   Schreber. 

*976.  B.  purpurea  (Michx.)  Casp.  Water-shield.  B.  peltata  Pursh.  Greenville; 
Ionia;  Ann  Arbor;  Fife  Lake;  Oscoda;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  St.  Clair,  W.  S.  Cooper; 
Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.  Infrequent.  L.  P. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  77 

NYMPHAEA  L.     NUPHAR  Sibth.  &  Smith. 

*977.  N.  advena  Soland.  Large  Yellow  Pond  Lily.  Nuphar  advena  R.  Br.  In 
company  with  water-lilies,  but  often  a  dirty  plant  seeming  to  delight  in  filth.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

978.  N.   advena  minor  Morong.     Long  Lake,  Cheboygan   Co.,  B.   &   K.;    Baldwin, 
W.  J.  B. 

979.  N.  Kalmiana   (Michx.)    Sims.     Small  Yellow  Pond-Lily.     Nuphar  Kalmiamim 
R.  Br.    "Sag.  Bay  &  S.  W.,"  Winch.  Cat.;  S.  tier  of  counties,  Wright's  Cat.;  N.  shore 
of  Lake  Superior,  Agassiz.     Hare. 

CASTALIA  Salisb. 

980.  C.  odorata  (Dryand.)  Woodv.  &  Wood.    Sweet-scented  Water-Lily.    Nymphaea 
odorata  Dryand.     Petoskey,  E.  J.  Hill;   Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis.     A  form  with  pink 
flowers  is  found  in  Otsego  Lake,  Otsego  County.    Infrequent. 

*981.  C.  tuberosa  (Paine)  Greene.  Tuberous  White  Water-Lily.  Nymphaea 
tuberosa  Paine.  In  all  our  ponds  and  slow  streams.  Flowers  large  and  delicately 
beautiful,  fragrant.  Th. 

NELUMBO  Adans. 

982.  N.  lutea  (Willd.)  Pers.  Yellow  Nelurnbo.  Water  Chinquapin.  Lotus.  River 
Rouge,  south  of  Detroit;  Mill  pond,  Vicksburg,  Tuthill;  River  Raisin  at  Monroe,  where 
it  is  abundant.  Perhaps  introduced  by  the  Indians.  Local. 

CERATOPHYLLACE.E  A.  Gray.     Hornwort  Family. 
CERATOPHYLLUM  L. 

*983.     C.  demersum  L.    Hornwort.    Ponds.    Fruit  in  August.    Common.    Th. 

MAGNOLIACE^E  J.  St.  Hil.     Magnolia  Family. 
LIRIODENDRON    L. 

*984.  L.  Tulipifera  L.  Tulip-tree.  Whitewood.  A  large  sized  tree,  frequent  at 
Ionia,  Saranac,  Lansing  and  southward,  but  not  seen  north  of  Grand  River  Valley. 
Formerly  common  but  becoming  infrequent. 

ANONACE.E  DC.     Custard-apple  Family. 

ASIMINA  Adans. 

*985.  A.  triloba  (L.)  Dunal.  Common  Papaw.  A  low  tree,  fruit  edible.  Frequent 
in  the  valleys  of  the  Grand  and  Maple  Rivers,  whence  it  probably  reaches  its  northern 
limit.  Common  southward.  C.  &  S. 

S 

RANUNClfLACE^E  Juss.     Crowfoot  Family. 

HYDRASTIS  Ellis. 

*986.  H.  Canadensis  L.  Golden  Seal.  Yellow  Puccoon.  Rich,  moist  woods.  Rather 
local.  C.  &  S. 

CALTHA  L. 

*987.  C.  palustris  L.  Marsh  Marigold.  In  swamps.  Frequently  called  "Cowslip." 
Very  common.  Th. 

TROLLIUS  L. 
988.     T.  laxus  Salisb.    American  Globe  Flower.    Linden,  A.  W.  Chase. 


78  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

COPTIS  Salisb. 

*989.  C.  trifolia  (L.)  Salisb.  Three-leaved  Goldthread.  Bogs  and  coniferous  woods. 
Common.  Th. 

ISOPYRUM  L. 

*990.  I.  biternatum  (Raf.)  Torr.  &  Gray.  False  Rue  Anemone.  Very  common  on 
"beech  and  maple"  land,  but  not  on  oak.  C.  &  S. 

ACTAEA  L. 

*991.  A.  alba  (L.)  Mill.  White  Baneberry.  Cohosh.  Moist  woods  and  hillsides. 
Frequent.  Th. 

992.    A.  eburnea  Rydb.     Ivory  Baneberry.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*993.  A.  rubra  (Ait.)  Willd.  Red  Baneberry.  Cohosh.  A.  spicata  rubra  Ait.  Fre- 
quent. Th. 

CIMICIFUGA  L. 

994.     C.  racemosa   (L.)   Nutt.     Black  Snakeroot.     Black  Cohosh.     Bugbane.     S.  E., 
Winch.  Cat.;  Jackson,  University  Herb;  U.  P.,  Burt.    Rare  in  Michigan. 

AQUILEGIA  L. 

*995.    A.  Canadensis  L.     Wild  Columbine.     Frequent.     Th. 

996.  A.  vulgaris  L.  European  Columbine.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Escaped 
from  gardens. 

ANEMONE  L. 

*997.  A.  Canadensis  L.  Canada  Anemone.  Wind-flower.  A.  Pennsylvanica  L.  On 
low  ground  along  streams;  on  higher  land  northward.  Common.  Th. 

*998.  A.  cylindrica  A.  Gray.  Long-fruited  Anemone.  Poor  soil.  Infrequent.  L.  P. 
999.  A.  Hudsoniana  Richards.  Cut-leaved  Anemone.  Mackinaw,  Whitney  Cat. 
Mouth  of  Saginaw  R.,  Winchell  Cat.;  Lake  Superior,  Gray;  Frankfort;  shore  of  Grand 
Traverse  Bay,  and  Torch  Lake  near  the  landing,  E.  J.  Hill;  eight  miles  below  Rock 
Harbor,  Isle  Royal,  Porter;  Bay  Co.,  Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis.  Has  been  confused  with 
A.  multifida  Poir;  a  South  American  species. 

1000.  A.  parviflora  Michx.  Northern  Anemone.  Dr.  Lyons;  Asa  Gray;  Pic  River, 
Lake  Superior,  Macoun.  Rare.  U.  P. 

*1001.  A.  quinquefolia  L.  Wind-flower.  Wood  Anemone.  A.  nemorosa  Michx. 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Common.  Th. 

1002.    A.  riparia  Fernald.    Rochester  and  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1003.    A.  Virginiana  L.     Frequent,  preferring  sand  or  gravel.     Th. 

HEPATICA  Scop. 

*1004.  H.  acuta  (Pursh.)  Britton.  Sharp-lobed  Liver-leaf.  This  species  is  very 
common  on  beech  and  maple  land,  while  Hepatica  Hep&tica  prefers  oak  soil.  Th. 

*1005.  H.  Hepatica  (L.)  Karst.  Round-lobed  Liver-leaf.  H.  triloba  Chaix.  Less 
frequent  than  the  preceding,  at  least  in  the  center.  Th. 

SYNDESMON  Hoffmg.      ANEMONELLA  Spach. 

*1006.  S.  thalictroides  (L.)  Hoffmg.  Rue-Anemone.  Anemonella  thalictroides  Spach. 
Quite  local  through  C.  &  S.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels; 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

PULSATILLA  Adans. 

1007.  P.  hirsutissima  (Pursh.)  Britton.  NuttalPs  Pasque  Flower.  Anemone  patens 
Nuttalliana  A.  Gray.  Norway,  S.  M.  Tobey.  Infrequent. 

CLEMATIS  L. 
*1008.     C.  Virginiana  L.    Common  Virgin's  Bower.    Frequent  on  low  land.     Th. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  79 

ATRAGENE  L. 

1009.    A.  Americana  Sims.    Purple  Virgin's  Bower.    Clematis  verticillaris  DC.  Nor- 
way, S.  M.  Tobey.    Rare. 

RANUNCULUS  L. 

*1010.    R.  abortivus  L.    Small-flowered  Crowfoot.    Common.    Th. 

*1011.  R.  acris  L.  Tall  Crowfoot  or  Buttercup.  "Classed  by  Hooker  f.  as  indig- 
enous." S.  Watson.  So.  Haven;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Huron  shore,  Winch.  Cat.;  and 
Lake  Superior.  Gradually  spreading  over  the  State.  Infrequent.  Th. 

1012.    R.  bulbosus  L.     Bulbous  Crowfoot  or  Buttercup.     Sault  Ste.  Marie,  Porter; 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    A  bad  weed  in  meadows. 

*1013.  R.  delphinifolius  Torr.  Yellow  Water-Crowfoot.  R.  multifidus  Pursh.  Ponds 
and  slow  streams.  Perennial  by  rooting  from  the  nodes  of  floating  stems  after  flower- 
ing. The  young  plants  rooting  in  mud  are  pubescent  so  far  as  observed  in  many  parts 
of  the  State.  Common.  Th. 

*1014.  R.  fascicularis  Muhl.  Early  Crowfoot.  Flowers  sometimes  double  or  with 
reversion  of  essential  organs  to  leaves.  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S. 
Pepoon.  Hills  and  sandy  plains.  Infrequent  from  the  center  of  the  State  southward. 

1015.  R.  Lapponicus  L.    Lapland  Buttercup.    Thunder  Bay,  Lake  Superior,  Britton 
&  Brown. 

1016.  R.  Macounii  Britton.    Macoun's  Buttercup.     R.  Mspidus  Hook.    Lake  Supe- 
rior, Britton  and  Brown. 

1017.  R.  micranthus   Nutt.     Rock    Crowfoot.    R.  obortivus   micrantJius   A.    Gary. 
North  shore  of  Lake  Superior,  Agassiz;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1018.  R.  obtusiusculus  Raf.     Water  Plantain  Spearwort.     R.  ambigens  S.  Wats. 
Dr.  Lyons.     St.  Clair  Co.,  A.  F.  Foerste  and  W.  S.  Cooper. 

1019.  R.  ovalis  Raf.     Prairie  Crowfoot.     R.  rhomboideus  Goldie.     On  light  sand; 
Muir  and  Palo  in  Ionia  County;  Lake  Superior,  Can.  Cat.     Prairies,  Mich.     A.  Gray. 
Rare. 

1020.  R.  Pennsylvanjcus  L.  f.    Bristly  Crowfoot.    Frequent  on  low  land.    Th. 

1021.  R.  Purshii  Richards.    Pursh's  Buttercup.    Topinabee,  S.  H.  Camp;  Chandler's 
Falls,  Atlanta;  Alpena,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*1022.    R.  recurvatus  Poir.    Hooked  Crowfoot.    Woods  in  rich  soil.    Common.    Th. 

*1023.  R.  repens  L.  Creeping  Buttercup.  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Rochester, 
W.  A.  Brotherton  and  O.  A.  Farwell;  Montreal  River,  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell; 
in  the  lawn  Agricultural  College,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1024.  R.  reptans  L.     Creeping  Spearwort.     R.  Flammula  reptans  E.  Meyer.     In- 
frequent except  northward,  and  not  seen  in  the  center  of  the  State.     Sandy  shore  of 
Black  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

1025.  R.  reptans  intermedius   (Hook.)   Torr.  &  Gray.     R.  Flammula  intermedius 
Hook.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1026.    R.  sceleratus  L.    Cursed  Crowfoot.    Ditch  Crowfoot.    Ditches  and  low  ground. 
Exceedingly  variable,  stems  sometimes  two  inches  in  diameter.    Frequent.    Th. 
*1027.    R.  septentrionalis  Poir.     Swamp  Buttercup.     Frequent  and  variable.    Th. 

BATRACHIUM  S.  F.  Gray. 

*1028.  B.  divaricatum  (Schrank)  Wimm.  Stiff  Water-Crowfoot.  Ranunculus  cir~ 
cinatus  Sibth.  Bear  River,  Petoskey,  E.  J.  Hill;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Huron 
R.,  Lyons.  The  common  form  in  L.  P.  Frequent.  Th. 

1029.  B.  trichophyllum    (Chaix.)     Bossch.      White    Water-Crowfoot.     Ranunculus 
aquatilis  tricnopJiyllus  A.  Gray.     Common.     Not  observed  in  E.  and  S.     Black  Lake, 
Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  '&  K.;   Keweenaw  Co.,   0.   A.  Farwell,   St.   Clair  River   and  Lake, 
W.  S.  Cooper. 

OXYGRAPHIS  Bunge. 

1030.  0.  Cymbalaria  (Pursh.)  Prantl.    Seaside  Crowfoot.    Ranunculus  Cymbalaria 
Pursh.     South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey.    Rare. 

THALICTRUM  L. 

*1031.    T.  dioicum  L.    Early  Meadow-Rue.    Common  along  river  banks.    Th. 

1032.    T.  polygamum  Muhl.    Tall  Me*adow-Rue.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
*1033.    T.  purpurascens  L.    Purplish  Meadow-Rue.    Wet  meadows.    Common.    Th. 


80  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

NIGELLA  L. 
1033a.  N.  Damascena  L.     Fennel-flower.     Escaped  from  gardens.     Infrequent. 

BERBERIDACE^:   T.  G.     Barberry  Family. 

BERBERIS  L. 

*1034.  B.  vulgaris  L.  Common  Barberry.  Sometimes  escaped  from  cultivation; 
Flint,  Dr.  Clark;  Tuscola  Co.,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

CAULOPHYLLUM  Michx. 
*1035.     C.  thalictroides  (L.)  Michx.    Pappoose-root.    Blue  Cohosh.    Common  in  L.  P. 

JEFFERSONIA  Barton. 
*1036.    J.  diphylla  (L.)  Persoon.    Rheumatism-root.    Twin-leaf.    Infrequent.    C.  &  S. 

PODOPHYLLUM  L. 
*1037.     P.  pelatum  L.    May-Apple.    Wild  Mandrake.    Very  common.    C.  &  S. 

MENISPERMACE^E  DO.     Moonseed  Family. 

MENISPERMUM  L. 
*1038.    M.  Canadense  L.     Canada  Moonseed.    Woods  and  moist  thickets.    Frequent. 

LAURACE^)  Lindl.     Laurel  Family. 

SASSAFRAS  Nees  &  Eberm. 

*1039.  S.  Sassafras  (L.)  Karst.  Sassafras.  S.  officinale  Nees  &  Eberm.  Woods, 
sandy  soil,  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Hamlin  Lake,  Mason  Co.,  C.  E.  St.  Johns;  Bay  Co., 
G.  M.  Bradford.  Frequent.  L.  P. 

BENZOIN  Fabric. 

*1040.  B.  Benzoin  (L.)  Coulter.  Spice-bush.  Lindera  Benzoin  Blume.  Damp  woods. 
Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

PAPAVERACE^)  B.  Juss.     Poppy  Family. 

Including  also  Fumariaceae. 
PAP  AVER  L. 

1041.    P.   somniferum  L.     Common  Poppy.     Opium   Poppy.     Occasional.     Escaped 
from  cultivation. 

SANGUINARIA  L. 
*1042.    S.  Canadensis  L.    Bloodroot.    Common.    Th. 

STYLOPHORUM  Nutt. 

1043.    S.  diphyllum  (Michx.)  Nutt.    Celandine  Poppy.    Rich  woods,  Oceana  County 
and  southward.    Local.    C.  &  S. 

CHELIDONIUM  L. 

*1044.  C.  majus  L.  Celandine.  Lebanon,  Clinton  Co.,  Van  Vleck;  Sturgis,  F.  P. 
Daniels. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  81 

BICUCULLA   Adans.     DICENTRA   Bernh. 

*1045.  B.  Canadensis  (Goldie)  Millsp.  Squirrel  Corn.  Dicentra  Canadensis  Walp. 
From  Frankfort  southward.  Frequent.  L.  P. 

*1046.  B.  Cucullaria  (L.)  Millsp.  Dutchman's  Breeches.  Dicentra  cucullaria  Torr. 
Frankfort,  southward.  Frequent.  L.  P. 

ADLUMIA  Raf. 

1047.  A.  fungosa   (Ait.)   Greene.     Climbing  Fumitory.     A.  cirrhosa  Raf.     Hemlock 
woods  in  vicinity  of  Hough  ton  Lake;  Grand  Rapids,  Miss  Clark;  So.  Haven;  Marquette, 
E.  J.  Hill.    Not  common.    Th. 

CAPNOIDES  Adans.     CORYDALIS   Vent. 

1048.  C.   aureum    (Willd.)     Kuntze.     Golden    Corydalis.     Corydalis   aurea   Willd. 
Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels.     Frequent  northward  in  the  U.  P.     Common. 

1049.  C.  sempervirens  (L.)  Borck.    Pale  Corydalis.     Corydalis  glauca  Pursh.   Grand 
Haven;  Clare  Co.;  L.  Sup.    Infrequent  except  northward.    Oscoda;  Alger's  camp,  Alcona 
Co.    Th. 

FUMARIA  L. 

1050.  F.  officinalis  L.     Fumitory.     Escaped  from  cultivation   at  Ypsilanti.     0  .A. 
Farwell. 

CRUCIFER^  B.  Juss.     Mustard  Family. 

LEPIDIUM  L. 

*1051.  L.  apetalum  Willd.  Apetalous  Pepper-grass.  L.  intermedium  A.  Gray.  Alma, 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

1052.  L.  campestre    (L.)    R.  Br.     Field  or  Cow  Cress.     Bay  Co.,  G.  M.   Bradford; 
Macomb  Co.,  and  Detroit.     Infrequent.     S.  E. 

1053.  L.  sativum  L.     Garden  Pepper-grass.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.    Dodge.     Escaped 
from  cultivation. 

*1054.     L.  Virginicum  \.\    Wild  Pepper-grass.     Alma,  Ann  Arbor.    Th. 

IBERIS  L. 

1055.  L.  amara   L.     Escaped  from  gardens.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

CONRINGIA  Link. 

1056.  C.  orientalis  (L.)  Dumort.    A  bad  weed  in  grain  fields,  introduced  into  north- 
ern Michigan  from  the  northwest.     O.  A.  Farwell. 

THLASPI  L. 

*1057.  T.  arvense  L.  Field  Pennycress.  Ann  Arbor.  Allmendinger  Cat.;  "shore? 
of  Lake  Huron,"  A.  Gray;  Monroe,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

SISYMBRIUM    L. 

1058.  S.  altissimum  L.     Tall   Sisymbrium.     A  bad  weed  from   Europe  introduced 
into  the  Canadian  Northwest.     Benton  Harbor  in  1896,  C.  F:  W. ;  later  in  many -local- 
ities.    Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis;  near  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1059.  S.   humile   Meyer.     Northern   Rock-cress.     Isle   Royale,   Gillman;    Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Mackinac,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Macomb  Co.;   Grand  Haven.     Infrequent. 

*1060.  S.  officinale  (L.)  Scop.  Hedge  Mustard.  Road-sides  and  wet  places.  Fre- 
quent. Th. 

CAKILE  Gaertn. 

1061.     C.    edentula    (Bigel.)    Hook.      Sea-rocket.      C.    Americana   Nutt.     Shores   of 
the  great  lakes.     Common.     Th. 

SINAPIS  L. 

*1062.     S.  alba  L.     White  Mustard.     Brassica  alba  Boiss.     Infrequent.     Th. 
11 


82  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OP  SCIENCE. 

BRASSICA  L. 

*1063.    B.  arvensis   (L.)    B.  S.  P.     Charlock.     Brassica  Sinapistrum  Boiss.     A  bad 
weed,  becoming  too  frequent.    Th. 

1064.     B.  campestris  L.    Turnip.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1065.     B.  juncea  (L.)  Cosson.     Indian  Mustard.     Lapeer,  Mrs.  M.  Owen;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Port  Huron,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

*1066.     B.  nigra  (L.)  Koch.    Black  Mustard.    Common.     Th. 

DIPLOTAXIS   DC. 

*1067.     D    muralis  (L.)  DC.    Sand  Rocket.    Grand  Rapids,  II.  C.  Skeels. 

RAPHANUS  L. 

1067a.  R.  Raphanistrum  L.  White  Charlock.  Ballast  grounds.  Detroit,  0.  A. 
Farwell. 

1067b.  R.  satinus  L.  Garden  Radish.  Persists  for  some  time  in  old  gardens  and 
waste  places. 

BARBAREA  R.  Br. 

1069.  B.  Barbarea  (L.)  MacM.    Yellow  Rocket  or  Cress.    B.  vulgaris  R.  Br.    South 
Haven;   Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;   Macomb  Co.;   Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;   Hubbards- 
ton;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  and  N.  into  the  U.  P.  where  it  is  indigenous  and  fre- 
quent.    Th. 

1070.  B.  praecox   (J.  E.  Smith)  R.  Br.    Belle  Isle  Cress.     Sandy  ground.     St.  Clair 
Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

1071.  B.  sitricta  Andrz.     Erect-fruited  Winter  Cress.     B.  vulgaris  striata  A.  Gray. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;   St.  Clair  Co.  near  Capac,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Detroit,  W.  S. 
Cooper. 

RORIPA  Scop.     NASTURTIUM  R.  Br. 

1072.  R.  Americana   (A.  Gray)   Britton.     Lake  Water-cress.     Nasturtium  lacustre 
A.  Gray.     From  Fish  Creek  and  Maple  River  southward.     Infrequent.     C.  &  S. 

*1073.  R.  Armoracia  (L.)  Hitchcock.  Horseradish.  Nasturtium  Arnwracia  Fries. 
Escaped  from  gardens  into  waste  places.  Frequent. 

*1074.  R.  hispida  (Desv.)  Britton.  Hispid  Yellow  Cress.  Nasturtium  palustre 
Mspidum  A.  Gray.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

*1075.  R.  Nasturtium  (L.)  Rusby.  True  Water-cress.  Nasturtium  officinale  R. 
Br.  Ionia;  South  Haven;  Ann  Arbor,  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent  in  brooks. 

1076.  R.  obtusa  (Nutt.)  Britton.  Blunt-leaved  Yellow  Cress.  Nasturtium  obtusum 
Nutt.  Keweena-w  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1077.     R.  palustris  (L.)  Bess.    Yellow  Water-cress.    N.  palustre  DC.    Frequent.   Th. 
1078.     R.  sylvestris  (L.)  Bess.    Creeping  Yellow  Water-cress.    Nasturtium  syltestre 
R.  Br.  Detroit;  O.  A.  Farwell. 

CARDAMINE  L. 

*1079.  C.  bulbosa  (Schreb.)  B.  S.  P.  Bulbous  Cress.  C.  rhomboidea  DC.  Common. 
Th. 

*1080.  C.  hirsuta  L.  Small  Bitter  Cress.  New  Buffalo,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  near  Black 
Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

1081.  C.  parviflora  L.     Small-flowered  Bitter-cress.     New  Buffalo,  C.  F.  W.;   Che- 
boygan Co.,  B.  &-K.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  St.  Clair  Co.,  J.  W.  Stacey. 

1082.  C.   Pennsylvanica   Muhl.     Pennsylvania  Bitter-cress.     Keweenaw    Co.,   0.   A. 
Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*1083.  C.  pratensis  L.  Cuckoo-Flower.  Bogs.  Rare  S.,  frequent  in  C.,  and  common 
N.  Th. 

*1084.  C.  purpurea  (Torr.)  Britton.  Purple  Cress.  C.  rJiomboidea  purpurea  DC. 
An  early  spring  flower.  Th. 

MATTHIOLA  L. 

1085.  M.  bicornis  (B.  &  S.)  DC.  Growing  in  sand  along  shore  of  Lake  Huron. 
U.  S.  Dept.  of  Agriculture  reported  it  as  the  only  place  in  the  country  where  it  had 
escaped. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  83 

DENTARIA  L. 

*108G.     D.   diphylla  Michx.     Two-leaved  Toothwort.     Common.     Th. 

*1087.  D.  laciniata  Muhl.  Cut-leaved  Toothwort.  Keweenaw  Co.  and  southward. 
Common.  Th. 

1088.  D.  maxima  Nutt.  Large  Toothwort.  Bluffs  along  Black  Paver  near  Abbotts- 
ford,  C.  K.  Dodge;  the  only  station  known  in  the  State. 

BURS  A  Weber.     CAPSELLA  Medic. 

*1089.  B.  Bursa-pastoris  (L.)  Britton.  Shepherd's  Purse.  Capsella  Bursa-pastoris 
Medic.  The  commonest  of  weeds.  Th. 

CAMELINA  Crantz. 

*1090.  C.  microcarpa  Andrz.  Small-fruited  False  Flax.  A  weed  which  is  becom- 
ing naturalized  from  Europe. 

1091.  C.  sativa  (L.)  Crantz.     Gold-of -Pleasure.    False  Flax.    Pvoad-sides  and  waste 
places.     Flint;   Ann  Arbor;   Maeomb  Co.;    Sturgis;   Bay  Co.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  F.     Not 
common.     Th. 

DRABA  L. 

1092.  D.    Caroliniana  Walt.     Carolina  Whitlow-grass.     Ionia   Co.   and  southward. 
Rare.     C.  &  S. 

1093.  D.  incana  arabisans   (Michx.)    S.  Wats.     Shores  of  Great  Lakes.     Mackinac, 
G.  H.  Hicks.    Infrequent. 

*1094.  D.  nemorosa  L.  Wood  Whitlow-grass.  "Fort  Gratiot  and  northwestward." 
A.  Gray.  Collected  by  Dr.  Pitcher.  Infrequent. 

•1095.  D.  verna  L.  Whitlow-grass.  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon;  Detroit,  Dr.  Lyons.  Rare. 
S. 

SOPHIA  Adans. 

1096.  S.   pinnata    (Walt.)    Britt.     Tansy   Mustard.     Sisymbrium   canescens  Nutt. 
Shores  of  Great  Lakes,  Pitcher,  Houghton,  Winchell;  Barry  Co.,  L.  H.  Bailey.     Infre- 
quent.    Th. 

1096a.  S.  pinnata  brachycarpa  (Richards)  O.  A.  Farwell.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Far  well. 

1097.  S.  Sophia  (L.)  Britton.    Flixweed.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

ARABIS  L. 

1098.  A.  brachycarpa  (T.  &  G.)  Britton.    Purple  Rock-cress.  A.  confinis  Itrachycafpa 
Watson  and  Coulter.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Marquette,  Alpena,  Hubbardston, 
C.  F.  Wheeler.     Not  common. 

*1099.     A.  Canadensis  L.     Sickle-pod.     Fields  and  rocky  woods.     Not  common. 

*1100.  A.  dentata  T.  &  G.  Toothed  Rock-cress.  Low  lands  along  Grand  River  and 
southward.  Not  common.  C.  &  S. 

llOOa.  A.  Drummondii  A.  Gray.    A.  confinis  S.  Wats.,  in  part.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell. 

*1101.  A.  glabra  (L.)  Bernh.  Tower  Mustard.  A.  perfoliata  Lam.  Alma,  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Fields.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*1102.     A.  hirsuta  (L.)  Scop.    West  Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

1103.  A.  Holboellii  Hornem.  Holboell's  Rock-cress.  Thunder  Bay,  Alpena  Co., 
the  most  easterly  known  station  for  this  western  species,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*1104.     A.  laevigata  (Muhl.)  Poir.    Smooth  Rock-cress.   River  banks.    Infrequent.   Th. 

1105.  A.    lyrata    L.      Lyre-leaved    Rock-cress.      Sandy    fields,   Hubbardston;    South 
Haven;  Flint;  Petoskey;  U.  P.,  Whitney  Cat.     Infrequent.     Th. 

1106.  A.  lyrata  occidentaliss  S.  Wats.  Bower's  Harbor,  Grand  Traverse  Bay,  Alpena, 
C.  F.  Wheeler. 

ERYSIMUM   L. 

*1107.  E.  cheiranthoides  L.  Worm-seed  Mustard.  Gratiot  Co.;  Grayling,  G.  H. 
Hicks;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Port  Huron,  C.  K. 
Dodge;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*1108.  E.  inconspicuum  (S.  Wats.)  MacM.  Small  Erysimum.  E.  parviflorum  Nutt. 
Probably  introduced  from  the  west.  Clifton,  Keweenaw  Co..  O.  A.  Farwell;  St.  Clair 
Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 


84  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

ALYSSUM  L. 

*1109.  A.  alyssoides  (L.)  Gouan.  Yellow  Alyssum.  A.  calycinum  L.  Hubbards- 
ton,  Ionia,  Flint,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Brad- 
ford. A  recently  introduced  plant,  becoming  common  in  many  localities.  Door-yards 
and  waste  places. 

HESPERIS  L. 

1110.  H.  matronalis  L.     Dame's  Violet.     Escaped  from  cultivation  at  Cassopolis, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;   shore  of  Lake  Huron,  T.  &  G.;    Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;   Keweenaw 
Co.,  Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farweil. 

CAPPARIDACEJE  Lindl.     Caper  Family. 

CLEOME  L. 

1111.  C.  serrulata  Pursh.     Pink  Cleome.     C.  integrifolia  T.  &  G.     Vestaburg,  C.  A. 
Davis.     At  one  time  introduced  in  several  places  near  the  Agricultural  College,  but  now 
apparently  extinct. 

POLAN1SIA  Raf. 

1112.  P.  graveolens  Raf.     Clammy- weed.     Shores  of  Great  Lakes;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M. 
Bradford;  South  Haven;  Detroit;  Put-in-Bay.     Not  rare. 


RESEDACE^E  S.  F.  Gray.    Mignonette  Family. 

RESEDA  L. 
1113.     R.  lutea  L.    Yellow  ^cut-leaved  Mignonette.    Jackson,  S.  H.  Camp. 

SARRACENIACE^E  La  Pyl.     Pitcher-Plant  Family. 

SARRACENIA  L. 

*1114.     S.  purpurea  L.     Side-saddle  Flower.     Huntsman's  Cup.     Pitcher-plant.     Com- 
mon in  sphagnous  swamps.     Th. 

1115.     S.  purpurea  heterophylla  (Eaton)  Torr.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farweil. 

DROSERACE^E  S.  F.  Gray.     Sundew  Family. 
DROSERA  L. 

111(5.  D.  intermedia  Hayne.  Spatulate-leaved  Sundew.  D.  .intermedia  var.  Ameri- 
cana DC.  S.  Mich.,  Wright.  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.;  Grand  Rapids, 
R.  H.  Wolcott;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farweil;  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

1117.  D.  linearis  Goldie.     Slender  Sundew.    Livingston  Co.;  L.  Superior,  Dr.  Lyons; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farweil;   La  Pointe,  D.  Hough  ton;   Copper  Harbor,  F.  E.  Wood. 
Rare. 

1118.  D.    longifolia   L.     Oblong-leaved    Sundew.     Mud   Lake,    Oakland   Co.,   W.   A. 
Brotherton. 

'*1119.     D.   rotundifolia  L.     Round-leaved   Sundew.     In   spbagnous   swamps.     An  in- 
««ctivorous  plant.     Th. 

PODOSTEMACE^:  Lindl.     River-Weed  Family. 

PODOSTEMON   Michx. 

1120.  P.  Ceratophyllum  Michx.  River- weed.  Thread-foot.  Detroit,  Dr.  A.  B. 
Lyons. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  85 

CRASSULACE^  DC.     Orpine   Family. 

SEDUM  L. 

*1121.  S.  acre  L.  Mossy  Stone-crop.  Escaped  from  cultivation;  Alma,  Whitmore 
Lake,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford:  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1122.  S.  Telephium  L.  Live-forever.  Garden  Orpine.  Escaped  from  cultivation 
Th. 

PENTHORACE.E  Bydb. 
PENTHORUM  L. 

*1123.  P.  sedoides  L.  Ditch  Stonecrop.  Roadsides  and  ditches;  shore  of  Black 
Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.  Frequent.  L.  P. 

SAXIFRAGACE^  Dumort.     Saxifrage  Family. 

SAXIFRAGA  L. 

1124.  S.   autumnalis   L.     Yellow   Mountain   Saxifrage.     8.   aizoides  L.     Northern 
Michigan,  A.  Gray;  Britton  &  Brown.     U.  P. 

1125.  S.  Aizoon  Jacq.    Livelong  Saxifrage.    Upper  Mich.,  Gray;  Isle  Royale,  Lyons, 
and  Whitney.    U.  P. 

*1126.     S.  Pennsylvanica  L.     Swamp  Saxifrage.    Bogs.     Common.     Th. 

1127.  S.  tricuspidata  Retz.     Three-toothed  Saxifrage.     Shore  of  L.   Superior  and 
northward,  A.  Gray;  Isle  Royale,  Dr.  Lyons  and  Whitney  Cat.     U.  P. 

1128.  S.  Virginiensis  Michx.     Early  Saxifrage.     L.  Superior,  Can.  Cat.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.     U.  P. 

TIARELLA  L. 

*1129.  T.  cordifolia  L.  False  Mitrewort.  Birmingham,  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Ft.  Gratiot;  Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  Stanton,  and  northward.  Common  in  N.  &  U.  P.; 
rare  in  C.  &  S.  W.  Th. 

HEUCHERA  L. 

1130.     H.  Americana  L.     Common  Alum-root.     Grand  Rapids,  Coleman;  Ann  Arbor, 
Winch.  Cat.;  Monroe  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell.     C.  &  S. 

*1131.  H.  hispida  Pursh.  Common  in  Grand-Saginaw  Valley;  Ypsilanti,  O.  A  Far- 
well  C.  &  S. 

MITELLA  L. 

*1132.     M.  diphylla  L.     Mitre- wort.    Hillsides  in  rich  woods.     Very  common.     Th. 
*1133.     M.  nuda  L.     Shaded  swamps  in  Sphagnum.    Frequent.     Th. 

CHRYSOSPLENIUM  L. 

*1134.  C.  Americanum  Schwein.  South  Haven;  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Alma,  C.  A. 
Davis.  Northward.  Infrequent. 

PARNASSIACE^:  Dumort.     Grass-of-Parnassus  Family. 

PARNASSIA  L. 

*1135.  P.  Caroliniana  Michx.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Swamps  and  wet  banks.  Rare 
northward;  common  in  C.  &  S. 

1136.  P.   palustris  L.     Drummond's  Is.,   Winch.   Cat.;    "shore  of  L.    Superior  and 
northward,"  A.  Gray,  from  Dr.   Pitcher;   Harbor  Point,   C.  A.  Davis;   Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

1137.  P.  parviflora  DC.  L.  Sup.,  Can.  Cat.;   Grand  Island,  Henry  Gillman;  Harbor 
Point,  C.  A.  Davis;    also,  northwest  shore  of  Lake  Michigan,  in  Wisconsin,  Gillman. 
U.  P. 


86  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

GROSSULARIACE^E  Dumort.     Gooseberry  Family. 

RIBES  L. 

1138.  R.  aureum  Pursh.  Permanently  established  on  shore  of  Lake  Huron,  C.  K. 
Dodge. 

*1139.     R.  Cynosbati  L.    Gooseberry.    Common.    Th. 

*1140.  R.  floridum  L'Her.  Wild  Black  Currant.  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.  South- 
ward. Common.  Th. 

*1141.  R.  gracile  Michx.  Slender  Gooseberry.  St.  Joseph's  Island,  and  Sitting 
Rabbit,  Winchell's  Cat.;  Chandler's,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1142.  R.  lactustre  (Pers.)  Poir.  Swamp  Gooseberry.  As  far  south  as  Houghton 
Lake;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1143.  R.  oxyacanthoides  L.  Swamp  Gooseberry.  Low  grounds  along  Fish  Creek 
and  Maple  River;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.,  northward  and  shore  of  Long  Lake,  B.  &  K.; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Alma, .Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

1144.  R.  prostratum  L'Her.     Fetid  Currant.     Flint;    Isabella  Co.;   Missaukee  Co.; 
St.  Joseph's  Is.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;   Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
Frequent.     C.  N.  &  P. 

1145.  R.  rotundifolium  Michx.    Thunder  Bay  Island,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*1146.  R.  rubrum  L.  Red  Currant.  Deep  swamps  and  cold  woods,  under  tamaracks. 
Ann  Arbor;  Ionia;  Stanton;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.  Infrequent.  Th. 

HAMAMELIDACE^E  Lindl.     Witch  Hazel  Family. 

HAMAMELIS  L. 

*1147.     H.  Virginiana^L.    Common.    Th. 

PLATANACE^:  Lindl.     Plane-Tree  Family. 

PLATANUS  L. 

*1148.  P.  occidentalis  L.  Along  our  rivers.  "The  largest  tree  of  the  Atlantic 
forests."  Sargent.  C.  &  S. 

ROSACES  B.  Juss.     Rose  Family. 
OPULASTER  Medic.     PHYSOCARPA  Raf. 

1149.  0.  opulifolius  (L.)  Kuntze.  Ninebark.  Physocarpus  opulifoliiis  Maxim. 
Along  streams.  Th. 

SPIRAEA  L. 

*1150.     S.  salicifolia  L.     Common  Meadow-Sweet.    In  marshes.     Common.     Th,    * 
1151.     S.  sorbifolia  L.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*1152.  S.  tomentosa  L.  Hardback.  Steeple-bush.  Grand  Rapids,  G.  D.  Sones; 
north  of  the  College  about  three  and  one-half  miles,  W.  J.  B.;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels; 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Ionia  Co.,  and  southward.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

PORTERANTHUS  Britton.     GILLENIA  Moench. 

1152a.  P   stipulatus  (Muhl.)  Britton.    Near  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
1153.     P.    trifoliatus     (L.)    Britton.      Indian    Physic.      Gillenia    trifoliata    Moench. 
Bowman's  Root.     Winch  ell  Cat.     Rare.     S. 

RUBUS  L. 

*1154.  R.  Americanus  (Pers.)  0.  A.  F.  Dwarf  Raspberry.  R.  triflorus  Richard. 
Frequent.  Th. 

1154a.  R.  argutus  Link.     Tall  Blackberry.     K  eweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN   FLORA.  87 

*1155.    B.  Baileyanus  Britton.    Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1156.  R.  Canadensis  L.  Dewberry.  Low  Blackberry.  R.  Millspaugliii  Britt.  Lake, 
Cheboygan  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell.  Black.  Frequent.  Th. 

1157.     R.  Ensleni  Tratt.    Enslen's  Dewberry.    Detroit  and  vicinity,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
1157a.  R.  frondosus  Bigel.     Leafy-bracted  Blackberry.     R,  villosus  frondosus  Bigel. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  and  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1158.  R.  hispidus  L.  Running  Swamp-B.  Very  abundant  through  the  central  in  the 
pine  country.  Th. 

*1160.     R.  neglectus  Peck.    Hubbardston;  Birmingham;  Belle  Isle;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 
1161.     R.  nigricans  Bydb.    Peck's  Dewberry.     Detroit  and  vicinity,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1161a.  R.  nigrobaccus  Bailey.  High  Bush  Blackberry.  R.  mllosus  A.  Gray.  Very 
common  in  Central  Mich.,  rare  in  U.  P. 

*1162.  R.  occidentalis  L.  Black  R.  Thimbleberry.  Hybrids  between  this  and 
R.  strigosus  frequently  occur.  Common.  Th. 

1163.  R.  odoratus  L.     Purple  Flowering  Raspberry.     From  Ft.  Gratiot   (Winchell) 
northward.     Not  observed  in  the  interior  of  the  C.  &  S.     Common  in  N.  and  U.  P.     Th. 

1164.  R.   parviflorus   Nutt.     Salmon-berry.     R.   Nutkanus   Mocino.     Salmon-berry. 
Frequent  at  Petoskey  and  common  farther  north;  Elk  Rapids,  W.  S.  Cooper.  N.  &  U.  P. 

1164a.  R.  procumbens  Muhl.  Low  Running  Blackberry.  R.  Canadensis  T.  &  G., 
not  L.  Keweenaw  Co.,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1165.     R.  setosus  Bigel.     Bristly  Blackberry.    Vestaburg,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 
*1166.     R.  strigosus  Michx.     Wild  Red  Raspberry.     Variable.     Common.     Th. 

DALIBARDA  L. 

1169.  D.  repens  L.  Ann  Arbor,  Mary  Clark;  Macomb  Co.,  Cooley.  May  occur 
farther  north,  and  perhaps  throughout.  Lake  Huron,  Bell,  Canadian  Catalogue. 

DRYMOCALLIS  Fourr.     POTEXTILLA,  in  part. 

*1170.  D.  arguta  (Pursh.)  Rydb.  Tall  Cinquefoil.  Potentilla  arguta  Pursh.  Flow- 
ers either  white  or  yellow,  generally  all  in  one  locality  of  one  color.  Alma;  Ann 
Arbor;  Macomb  Co.;  Ionia;  and  N.  to  Isle  Royal.  Frequent  on  light  sand;  in  places 
common.  Th. 

DASIPHORA  Raf.     POTENTILLA,  in  part. 

*1171.  D.  fruticosa  (L.)  Rydb.  Shrubby  Cinquefoil.  Potentilla  fruticosa  L.  Edges 
of  swamps.  Ranges  N.  to  Arctic  America.  Common.  Th. 

SIBBALDIOPSIS  Rydb.     POTENTILLA,  in  part. 

1172.  S.  tridentata  (Soland.)  Rydb.   Three- toothed  Cinquefoil.  Potentilla  tridentata 
Soland.     Barrens  of  Missaukee  Co.;    Grayling;    shores  of  the  Upper  Great  Lakes,  A. 
Gray;  Isle  Royal,  Dr.  Lyons;  Roscommon,  C.  A.  Davis.     N.  &  U.  P.    Frequent. 

FRAGARIA  L. 

1173.  F.  Americana  (Porter)  Britton.   American  Wood  Strawberry.   F.  vesca  Ameri- 
cana T.  G.  Porter.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Baldwin,  W.  J.  B.;  Vestaburg,  C.  A. 
Davis;  Alpena,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1174.  F.  Canadensis  Michx.    Northern  Wild  Strawberry.    N. 

*1175.  F.  Virginiana  Duchesne.  Virginia  Strawberry.  F.  Virainiana  Illinoensis 
Prince.  Common.  Th. 

COMARUM  L.     POTENTILLA,  in  part. 

*1176.  C.  palustre  (L.)  Marsh  Cinquefoil.  Potentilla  plustris  Scop.  Swamps 
throughout,  but  nowhere  abundant. 

ARGENTINA  Lam.     POTENTILLA,  in  part. 

1177.  A.  Anserina  (L.)  Rydb.  Potentilla  Anserina  L.  Silver- weed.  Frequent, 
along  the  Great  Lakes,  but  rare  in  the  interior.  Banks  of  Higgins  Lake,  G.  H.  Can- 
non; Baldwin,  W.  J.  B.;  Otsego  Co.,  Guy  L.  Stewart;  Huron  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 


,  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

POTENTILLA  L. 

*1178.  P.  argentea  L.  Silvery  Cinquefoil.  Ann  Arbor,  Clark  and  Allmendinger; 
Alma,  Davis;  Inland,  Benzie  Co.;  Behaves  like  a  weed  at  Hanover,  Mich.,  running 
out  clover,  G.  E.  Simmons;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*1179.     P.  Canadensis  L.     Common  Cinquefoil.     Five-finger.     Common.     Th. 

1180.  P.   intermedia   L.     Downy   Cinquefoil.     Well   established   in   Livingston   and 
Washtenaw  counties,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1181.  P.  Monspeliensis  L.     Rough  Cinquefoil.     P.  Norveffica  L.     Common.     Th. 

1182.  P.  paradoxa  Nutt.    Bushy  Cinquefoil.     Shores  of  Great  Lakes. 

1183.  P.  Pennsylvanica  L.    L.  Superior,  Gray's  Man.    Prof.  Ellis,  in  Canadian  Cata- 
logue. 

1184.  P.    Robbinsiana    Oakes.      Robbin's    Cinquefoil.      P.    frigida    A.    Gray.      (Not 
Villar.)     Dr.  Lyons.     Rare.     U.  P. 

*1185.  P.  sulphurea  Lam.  Much  like  P.  recta  L.  Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Howell 
Junction,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

WALDSTEINIA  Willd. 

*1186.  W.  fragarioides  (Michx.)  Tratt.  Barren  Strawberry.  Livingston  Co.,  Winch. 
Cat.;  Ionia;  Flint  to  L.  Sup.,  Whitney  Cat.  Rather  local,  but  abundant  when  found 
at  all.  Th. 

GEUM  L. 

*1187.     G.  Canadense  Jacq.     White  Avens.     G.  album  Gmelin.     Common.    L.  P. 

1188.     G.  macrophyllum  Willd.     Rare  in  L.  P.     Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  N.  shore 
of  Lake  Superior,  Agassiz. 

*1189.     G.  rivale  L.    Water  or  Purple  Avens.    Swamps  and  wet  places.    Common.  Th. 

1190.  G.    strictum    Aiton.      New    Haven,    Gratiot    Co.;    Petoskey;    Keweenaw    Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell;  St.  Clair  Co.,  A.  F.  Foreste. 

1191.  G.  vernum   (Raf.)   T.  &  G.     Spring  Avens.     St.  Clair,  Miss  Gurd;  Belle  Isle, 
0.  A.  Farwell.    Rare. 

*1192.     G.  Virginianum  L.     Rough  Avens.     Common.     C.  &  S. 

SIEVERSIA  R.  Br.     GEUM,  in  part. 

1193.  S.    ciliata    (Pursh.)    Rydb.      Geum   triflorum   Pursh.     Otisco   Tp.,   Ionia    Co., 
A.  B.  Morse";  Montcalrn  Co.;  Ada,  Greenville,  C.  A.  Davis. 

ULMARIA  Hill. 

1194.  U     rubra    Hill.     Queen-of-the-Prairie.     Spiraea     lobata     Gronov.     "Meadows 
and  prairies,  Penn.  Co.,  Mich.,"  A.  Gray.     Occurs  only  in  the  S.  W:  R.  R.  track,  near 
Augusta,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Calhoun  Co.;  University  Herb.' St.  Joseph,  V.  Willoughby.    S. 

AGRIMONIA  L. 

*1195.  A.  hirsuta  (Muhl.)  Bicknell.  Tall  Hairy  Agrimony.  A.  Eupatoria  Mvsuta 
Muhl.  Dry  soil.  Common.  Th. 

*1196.  A.  mollis  (T.  &  G.)  Britton.  Soft  Agrimony.  A.  Eupatoria  mollis  T.  &  G. 
St.  Clair  Co.,  J.  W.  Stacey;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Fanvell.  Frequent. 

1197.  A.    parviflora    Soland.       Many-flowered     Agrimony.       Detroit,     Miss     Clark; 
Macomb  Co.;   St.  Clair  Co.,  A.  F.  Foerste;  S.  W..  H.  S.  Pepoon.     Infrequent.     S.  E. 

1198.  A.  pumila  Muhl.    Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1199.  A.  striata  Michx.     Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell.    A.  gl&bra  (Muhl.)  Bicknell. 

SANGUISORBA  L.    POTERIUM  L. 

1200.  S.  Canadensis  L.     American    Great    Burnet.     Poterium   Canadense  A.  Gray. 
South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendingor.     Rare. 

ROSA  L.    Rose. 

1201.  R.  Arkansana  Porter.    Harbor  Springs,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
FarwelJ.     Rare. 

1202.  R.    blanda   Aiton.      Ionia;    Hubbardston;    Flint;    Ft.    Gratiot,    Winch.    Cat.; 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Lake  shore,  New  Buffalo,  C.  F.  Wheeler,  northward  to 


BEAL  ON    MICHIGAN   FLORA.  89 

Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Common  northward,  but  infrequent  south  of  lat.  43° 
except  along  the  shore  of  Lake  Michigan.     Th. 

1203.     R.  canina  L.     Mackinac  Island,  Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

-'1205.     R.  Carolina  L.     Swamps.    Common.    Th. 

*1206.  R.  Carolina  x  humilis  C.  F.  Wheeler.  A  supposed  hybrid.  Border  of  a  swamp 
near  the  Agricultural  College. 

1207.  R.  centifolia  L.     Along  railway  track  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

1208.  R.   Engelmanni   S.   Wats.     Prickly   Rose.     Cheboygan   Co.;    Mackinaw   City: 
Petoskey,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1209.  R.  humilis  Marsh.  Abundant  and  pretty.  In  the  C.  it  is  our  common  wild 
rose.  Dry  soil.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  A  low  form  on  hills  about  Ionia, 
has  narrow  leaves,  with  peduncles  and  ripe  fruit  glandular-bristly. 

*1210.     R.  rubiginosa  L.     Sweetbrier.    Eglantine.    Roadsides.    Frequent.    C.  &  S. 

1211.  R.  Sayi  Schwein.     Indian  River,  Black  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.;  Mackinaw  City; 
Petoskey,  C.  F.  Wheeler;   Oscoda;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     N.  &  U.  P. 

1212.  R.  setigera  Michx.     Climbing  or  Prairie  Rose.     South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey; 
Jackson  Co.,  Winchell;  Flint,  Dr.  Clark;  Macomb  Co.,  Cooley;  Grosse  Isle,  Miss  Clark; 
Belle  Isle  Park,  Foerste;  near  Adrian,  Mrs.  I.  H.  Wheeler;  along  Bean  Creek,  Addison 
to  Morenci,  W.  J.  B.    Indigenous,  but  rare  or  local.    C.  &  S. 

1213.  R.  Woodsii  Lindl.,  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

POMACE^E  L.     Apple  Family. 

SORBUS  L. 

1214.  S.   Aucuparia   L.     European   Mountain   Ash.     In   a   swamp   near  Bay   City, 
G.  M.  Bradford. 

1215.  S.  Americana  Marsh.    American  Mountain  Ash.    Pynix  Americana  DC.    Lud- 
ington,   and  north   along  the   Michigan    shore   to   Charlevoix;    Sault    Ste.   Marie;    and 
into  Canada  where  it  is  common;    also  westward,  through  U.  P.     Burt  and  Witney; 
near  St.  Clair  River,  C.  K.  Dodge.    N.  &  U.  P. 

1216.  S.  sambucifolia  (C.  &  S.)  Roem.    Western  Mountain  Ash.    P-yrus  sambucifolia 
Cham.   &   Schlect.     Mackinac  Island,  H.   Mann;    Keweenaw   Co.,   O.   A.   Farwell;   near 
Houghton  Lake,  C.  A.  Davis. 

PYRUS  L. 

1217.  P.  communis  L.     Common  Pe"ar.    Ypsilanti,  Detroit  as  an  escape,  0.  A.  Far- 
well. 

MALUS  Hill.    PYRUS,  in  part. 

*1218.  M.  coronaria  (L.)  Mill.  American  Crab  Apple.  Pyrus  cornaria  L.  Thickets 
and  along  streams.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

*1219.     M.  Malus  (L.)  Britton.    Apple.    Escaped  from  cultivation.    Th. 

ARONIA  Medic.     PYRUS,  in  part. 

1220.  A.  arbutifolia  (L.)  Medic.  Red  Choke-berry.  Pijrm  arbutifolia  L.  f.  Hub- 
bardston,  New  Buffalo,  Wheeler;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge,  and  northward. 

*1221.  A.  nigra  (Willd.)  Britton.  Black  Choke-berry.  Pyrus  arbutifolia  melanocarpa 
Michx.  Burt.  MS.;  Isle  Royale,  Whitney's  Cat.  Frequent  in  swamps.  Th. 

AMELANCHIER  Medic. 

1222.  A.  alnifolia  Nutt.  Presque  Isle,  Winchell;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
Rare.  N.  &  U.  P. 

*1223.     A.  Canadensis   (L.)  Medic.     Shad-bush.     Service -berry.     Common.     Th. 

*1224.  A.  Botryapium  (L.  f.)  DC.  Shad-bush.  A.  Canadensis  oblongifolia  T.  &  G. 
Ionia;  Flint;  S.  Mich.,  Winchell  Cat.;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent.  Th. 

1225.  A.  oligocarpa    (Michx.)   Roem.     Shores  of  Lake  Superior,  Gray's  Man.;   Ke- 
weenaw Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.     U.  P. 

1226.  A.  rotundifolia  (Michx.)  Roern.    Round-leaved  June-berry.    Grand  River  Val- 
ley, C.  F.  W.;   Elk  Rapids,  W.  S.  Cooper.     Not  common. 

*  1227.     A.    spicata    (Lam.)    Dec.     Low   June   Berry.     Shore   of   Thunder   Bay,   near 
Alpena,  Grayling,  C.  F.  Wheeler;   Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
12 


90  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

CRATAEGUS  L. 

1228.  C.  acutiloba  Sargent.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1229.  C.  albicans  Ashe.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1230.  C.  altrix  Ashe.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1231.  C.  ater  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1232.  C.  attenuata  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe 

1233.  C.  borealis  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

1234.  C.  brevispina   (Dougl.)   Farwell.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     C.  punctata 
brevispina  Dougl. 

1235.  C.  caesa  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 
*1236.     C.  coccinea  L.     Common.     Th. 

*1237.  C.  Crus-galli  L.    Common.    Th. 

1238.  C.  decans  Ashe.     Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

1239.  C.  Dodgei  Ashe.    St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1240.  C.  fallax  Ashe.    St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1241.  C.  filipes  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1242.  C.  gemmosa   Sargent.     Grand  Rapids,   Emma  J.   Cole;    St.   Clair   Co.,  C.  K. 
Dodge;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1243.  C.  glareola  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1244.  C.  immanis  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1245.  C.  latisepala  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1246.  C.  lanta  Ashe.    St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1247.  C.  lumaria  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

*1248.  C.  macrantha  Lodd.  Long-spined  Thorn.  C.  coccinea  macrantha  Dudley. 
Common.  Th. 

1249.     C.  Michiganensis  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

*1250.  C.  mollis  (T.  &  G.)  Scheele.  Red-fruited  Thorn.  C.  coccinea  mollis  T.  &  G. 
Frequent  in  C.;  Monroe  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ontonagon,  Mary  H.  Clark;  Alma,  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis-: 

1251.  C.  nuperia  Ashe.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1252.  C.  obtecta  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1253.  C.  onusta  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1254.  C.  Oxyacantha  L.     English  Hawthorn.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1255.  C.  pascens  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1256.  C.  pastora  Sargent.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1257.  C.  prona  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1258.  C.  pnmifolia    (Marsh.)    Pers.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1259.  C.  pubifolia  Ashe.    St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

1260.  C.  pubipes  Ashe.    St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

*1261.     C.  punctata  Jacq.     Very  variable.    Common  in  south. 

1262.  C.    rotundifolia    (Ehrh.)    Borck.      Glandular     Thorn.      Grand    Rapids,   Island 
Lake,  Grass  Lake.  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1263.  C.  redolans  Ashe.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1264.  C.  sera  Sargent,     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1265.  C.  structilis  Ashe.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1266.  C.  tenax  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 
*1268.     C.  tomentosa  L.     Pear  Thorn.     Common.     Th. 

1269.     C.  virella  Ashe.     St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  W.  Ashe. 

DRUPACE.E  DC.     Plum  Family. 
PRUNUS  L. 

*1270.  P.  Americana  Marsh.  Wild  Yellow  or  Red  Plum.  Black  Rivef,  Cheboygan 
Co.,  B.  &  K.;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

*1271.  P.  Cerasus  L.  Sour  Cherry.  Escaped  from  cultivation  by  the  aid  of  birds. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell,  and  in  many  other  places. 

1272.  P.  cuneata  Raf.     Appalachian  Cherry.     Bay  City  and  vicinity,  G.  M.  Brad- 
ford;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1273.  P.  domestica  L.     Well  established.     St.   Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;   Ypsilanti, 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

1274.  P.  Mahaleb  L.    Mahal eb  Cherry.    Well  established  near  St.  Clair,  C.  K.  Dodge; 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  91 

*1275.  P.  nigra  Ait.  Canada  Plum.  Port  Huron  northward;  Detroit,  0  .A.  Far- 
well. 

*1276.  P.  Pennsylvanica  L.  f.  Wild  Red  Cherry.  Very  abundant  on  sandy  land  in 
the  N.  half  of  the  State,  but  less  common  southward,  where  P.  serotina  takes  it  place. 
1277.  P.  pumila  L.  Dwarf  Cherry.  Sand  Cherry.  L.  Sup.;  Emmet  Co.;  Houghton 
Lake;  Mecosta  Co.;  South  Haven;  Saginaw  Bay,  Winchell,  etc.;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K. 
Dodge.  Frequent  in  the  N.  half  of  the  L.  P.,  but  not  yet  found  in  the  interior.  S.  of 
Saranac,  Ionia  Co.,  where  it  occurs  in  a  dry  glade. 

*1278.  P.  serotina  Ehrh.  Wild  Black  Cherry.  Frequent  in  C.  and  S.  Eare  in  N 
and  U.  P. 

*1279.     P.  Virginiana  L.     Choke  Cherry.    A  shrub  or  small  tree.    Common.    Th. 

AMYGDALUS  L. 
1279a.  A.  Persica  L.     Peach.     Well  established  at  Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

CAESALPINACEJE  Kl.  &  Garcke.     Senna  Family. 

CERCIS  L. 

*1280.  C.  Canadensis  L.  Red-bud.  Judas-tree.  Indigenous  throughout  the  south- 
ern part  of  the  State,  and  as  far  N.  in  the  west  as  Grand  River  Valley.  Plaster 
Creek,  Grand  Rapids,  Garfield;  Ionia,  Le  Valley;  banks  of  Thornapple  River.  Eaton 
Co.;  Ann  Arbor;  Adrian;  South  Haven;  near  Medina  a  tree  was  found  26  inches  in 
diameter!  W.  J.  B. 

CASSIA  L. 

*1281.  C.  Marilandica  L.  Wild  Senna.  Grand  Haven;  Ann  Arbor,  river  banks;  Bay 
Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

1282.  C.  nictitans  L.     Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

GLEDITSIA  L. 

1283.  G.  triacanthos  L.     Three-thorned  Acacia.     Honey-Locust.     Grows  along  the 
River  Raisin,  and  is  certainly  indigenous.     Often  two  feet  in  diameter,  W.  J.  B.   Along 
the  St.  Joseph,  also,  and  in  other  localities  in  the  extreme  S.     Dundee,  Niles,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Milan,  C.  A.  Davis. 

GYMNOCLADUS  Lam. 

1284.  G.  dioica    (L.)    Koch.     Kentucky  Coffee- tree.     C.  &  S.     G.   Canadensis  Lam. 
A  slender  tree  along  the  river  banks  as  far  N.  as  Maple  River,  in  Clinton  Co.;   also 
Fish  Creek,  Montcalm  Co.;  banks  of  Grand  River;  Macomb  Co.,  W.  J.  B.;  Belle  Isle, 
O.  A.  Farwell  and  W.  J.  B.;   Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     Infre- 
quent. 

PAPILIONACE^E  L.     Pea  Family. 

BAPTISIA  Vent. 

1285.  B.  leucantha  T.  &  G.    Large  White  Wild  Indigo.     Calhoun  Co.,  Winch.  Cat.; 
Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat,;   shore  of  Lake  Erie,  Goldie,  Canadian  Cat.;   near  De- 
troit, 0.  A.  Farwell.    Rare. 

*1286.  B.  tinctoria  (L.)  R.  Br.  Wild  Indigo.  Woodward  Lake,  Ionia  Co.;  Flint; 
Macomb  Co.;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Abundant  in  places  but 
not  well  distributed.  C.  &  S. 

CROTALARIA  L. 

1287.     C.  sagittalis  L.     Rattle-box.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

LUPINUS  L. 

*1288.     L.  perennis  L.    Wild  Lupine.     C.  &  S.     Abundant  in  light  sand. 

1289.  L.  perennis  occidentalis  S.  Wats.     Benton  Harbor,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1290.  L.  poly-carpus  Greene.    Ballast  grounds.    Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 


92  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

MEDICAGO  L. 

1291.     M.  denticulata  Willd.     Toothed  Medick.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*1292.     M.  lupulina  L.     Black  Medick.     Nonesuch.     Waste  places.     Mackinac;   Jack- 
son; Ann  Arbor;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.     L.  P. 

*1293.     M.  sativa  L.     Lucerne.     Alfalfa.     Escaped  from  cultivation  in  a  few  places. 

MELILOTUS  Juss. 

*1294.  M.  alba  Desv.  White  Melilot.  Very  common  in  the  older  portions  of  the 
State  where  it  has  often  been  sown  by  the  roadside  to  furnish  "pasture"  for  bees. 
L.  P. 

*1295.     M.  officinalis  (L.)  Lam.    Yellow  Melilot.    It  needs  heavy  soil.    Rare.    C.  &  S. 

TRIFOLIUM  L. 

*1296.  T.  arvense  L.  Rabbit-foot  or  Stone  Clover.  Becoming  naturalized  in  light 
soil. 

1297.  T.  aureum  Poll.    Yellojv  or  Hop  Clover.    T.  ayrarium  L.,  in  part.    Port  Huron, 
C.  K.  Dodge;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.     Not  common.     Th. 

1298.  T.  depauperatum  Desv.     Introduced  at  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1299.  T.   dubium  Sibth.     Grand  Rapids,  Miss   E.  J.   Cole;    Detroit  and  Ypsilanti, 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

1300.  T.  furcatum  Lindl.     Introduced  at  Detroit,  0  A  Farwell 
*1301.     T.  hybridum  L.    Alsike  Clover.     Escaped  from  cultivation. 

1302.     T.  medium  L.     Occasional  in  roads  and  fields.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*1303.     T.  pratense  L.     Red  Clover.     Meadows  and  fields.     Th. 

*1304.     T.  procumbens  L.     Low  Hop-Clover.     Infrequent.     C.  &  S. 

*1305.  T.  repens  L.  White  Clover.  Meadows,  pastures  and  roadsides.  Very  com- 
mon. Th. 

1306.  T.  stoloniferum  Muhl.     Running  Buffalo  Clover.     Kalamazoo,  Tuthill.    Intro- 
duced ( ? ) 

AMORPHA  L. 

1307.  A.  canescens  Pursh.     Lead-plant.     W.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  Prof. 
M.  W.  Harrington;  Kalamazoo;   Tuthill;   Klinger  Lake;   Barren  Lake,  C.  F.  Wheeler; 
Sturgis,  F  P.  Daniels;  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.    Rare. 

KUHNISTERA  Lam.    PETALOSTEMON  Michx. 

J308.  K.  purpurea  (Vent.)  MacM.  Violet  Prairie-clover.  Petalostemon  violaceus 
Michx.  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

CRACCA  L.    TEPHKOSIA  Pers. 

1309.  C.  Virginiana  L.  Goat's  Rue.  Catgut.  Teplirosia  Virgini-ana  Pers.  Clinton 
Co.;  Montcalm  Co.;  Newaygo  Co.;  Macomb  Co.;  Livingston  Co.,  Miss  Clark.  On  light 
sand.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

ROBINIA  L. 

*1310.  R.  Pseudacacia  L.  Common  Locust  or  False  Acacia.  Escaped  from  culti- 
vation. 

1311.  R.  viscosa  Vent.  Clammy  Locust.  Escaped  from  cultivation  at  Ionia,  C.  F. 
Wheeler. 

ASTRAGALUS  L. 

*1312.  A.  Carolinianus  L.  Carolina  Milk  Vetch.  A.  Canadensis  L.  Put-in-Bay; 
Ann  Arbor;  Macomb  Co.;  Orchard  Lake;  Montcalm  Co.;  river  bank,  North  Lansing; 
Shiawassee  Co.,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Whitniore  Lake,  C.  A.  Davis;  and  northward.  Well  dis- 
tributed, but  infrequent.  Th. 

PHACA  L.     Some  authors. 

*1313.  P.  neglecta  T.  &  G.  Cooper's  Milk  Vetch.  Astragalus  Cooperi  A.  Gray. 
Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Cooley  MS.;  Park  Lake.  Clinton  Co.,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Alma.  Rare. 
C.  &  S. 


DEAL   ON    MICHIGAN   FLORA.  93 

STROPHOSTYLES    Ell. 

1314.  S.  helvola  (L.)  Britton.  Trailing-  Wild  Bean.  S.  angulosa  Ell.  S.  E.  along 
shore,  and  on  the  islands  of  Lake  Erie,  and  shore  of  Lake  Michigan  at  South  Haven, 
L.  H.  Bailey;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farvvell.  Probably  not  much  farther  north,  and  not 
found  in  the  interior. 

MEIBOMIA  Heist.     DESMODIUM  Desv. 

"'1315.  M.  bracteosa  (Michx.)  Kuntze.  Large-bracted  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  cus- 
pidatum  Hook.  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Ann  Arbor;  Macomb  Co.;  3.  Mich.,  Wright; 
Alma.  Usually  on  oak  land.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

*1316.  M.  Canadensis  (L.)  Kuntze.  Showy  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  Canadense  DC. 
Hubbardston,  and  probably  father  N.;  Flint;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmendinger  Cat.  and  Winch. 
Cat.  Flowers  early.  Frequent.  Th. 

1317.  M.  canescens  (L.)  Kuntze.  Hoary  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  canescens  DC. 
Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;  S.  West,  Wright,  Cat.  Rare.  S. 

*131S.  M.  Dillenii  (Darl.)  Kuntze.  Dillen's  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  Dillenii  Dar- 
lington. Oak  woods.  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Mont 
Lake,  Miss  Clark.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

"1319.  M.  grandiflora  (Walt.)  Kuntze.  Pointed-leaved  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium 
acuminatum  DC.  Woodlands.  Very  common.  C.  &  S. 

1320.  M.  Illinoensis  (A.  Gray)  Kuntze.  Illinois  Tick- trefoil.  Desmodium  Illinoense 
A.  Gray.  University  campus.  Ann  Arbor;  White  Pigeon,  W.  J.  B.;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

*1321.  M.  Marilandica  (L.)  Kuntze.  Small-leaved  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  Mar- 
ilandicum  F.  Boott.  Dry  hills;  Ionia,  and  soutliM-ard;  near  Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co., 
\V.  J.  B.;  Orion,  0.  A.  Farwell.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

"""1322.  M.  Michauxii  Vail.  Prostrate  Tick- trefoil.  Desmodium  rotundifolium  DC. 
Hubbardston;  Ionia;  Flint;  South  Haven;  Macomb  Co.;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.; 
Orion,  O.  A.  Far  well.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*1323.  M.  nudiflora  (L.)  Kuntze.  Naked-flowered  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  nudi- 
florum  DC.  Crystal  Lake,  Montcalm  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright.  Cat. 
Common.  C.  &  S. 

1324.  M.  obtusa  (Muhl.)  Vail.  Hairy  Small-leaved  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  ciliare 
DC.  Dr.  Wright.  Rare.  S. 

*1325.  M.  paniculata  (L.)  Kuntze.  Panicled  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  paniculatum 
DC.  Oak  woods.  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Alma;  South  Haven;  S.  Mich., 
Wright's  Cat.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

*1326.  M  pauciflora  (Nutt.)  Kuntze.  Few-flowered  Tick-trefoil.  Desmodium  pauci- 
flormn  DC.  Mont  Lake,  Miss  Clark  in  Winch.  Cat.  Rare.  S. 

1327.  M.  rigida  Ell.     Kuntze.     Rigid  Tick-trefoil.     Desmodium  rigidum  DC.    Hub- 
bardston; Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Ann  Arbor  and  S.  W.,  Winch.  Cat.    Infrequent.    C.  &  S. 

1328.  M.    sessilifolia     (Ton-.)     Kuntze.      Sessile-leaved    Tick-trefoil.      Desmodium 
xcxxilifoliitm  T.   &  G.     Michigan,   A.  Gray;    S.  Mich.,  Winch.   Cat.;    University  Herb., 
JS'iles,  Ames;   Greenville;   Rochester,  0.  A.  Farwell.     Rare.     S. 

LESPEDEZA  Michx. 

1329.  L.  augustifolia   (Pursh.)   Ell.     Narrow-leaved  Bush-clover.     Sandy  fields.     In- 
frequent.    C.  &  S. 

*1330.  L.  capitata  Michx.  Round-headed  Bush-clover.  Abundant  in  old  fields;  pre- 
fers light  sand.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

*1331.  L.  frutescens  (L.)  Britton.  Wand-like  Bush-clover.  L.  Stuvei  intermedia 
S.  Watts.  L.  reticulata  S.  Wats.  Grav's  Manual;  Britton  and  Brown;  Orion  and 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.  S. 

"""1332.     L.  hirta  (L.)  Ell.  Hairy  Bush-clover.   L.  polystachya  Michx.   Common.   C.  &  S. 

1333.  L.  Nuttallii  Darl.     Nuttall's  Bush-clover.    Britton  and  Brown. 

1334.  L.  procumbens  Michx.     Trailing  Bush  -clover.     S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

1335.  L.    Stuvei    Nutt.      Stuve's    Bush-clover.      Winchell    Cat.;    Gray    in    Manual. 
Rare.     S. 

*1336.  L.  violacea  (L.)  Pers.  Bush -clover.  Ann  Arbor,  Miss  Clark;  S.  W.,  Wright; 
Rochester,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Vesta  burg,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent. 

1337.  L.  Virginica  (L.)  Britton.'  Slender  Bush-clover  Munith,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Nor- 
vell,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Orion,  O.  A.  FarweJl. 


94  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

VICIA  L. 

*1338.  V.  Americana  Muhl.  Ann  Arbor;  Ionia;  Montcalm  Co.;  N.  to  Lake  Superior; 
Whitmore  Lake,  C.  A.  Davis.  Spreads  rapidly  in  C.,  along  railroads  and  highways 
and  acts  like  an  immigrant.  Th. 

1339.    V.  angustifolia  Roth.     Smaller  Vetch.     7.  sativa  angustifolia  Ser.    Kewee- 
naw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1340.     V    Caroliniana  Walter.    Dry  soil.    Common.    C.  &  S. 

1341.  V.  Cracca  L.     Cow  Vetch.     S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  Prof.  M.  W. 
Harrington;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.     Rare  or  local. 

1342.  V.  sativa  L.    Common  Vetch.     Tare.    Detroit,  Dr.  Lyons;  Springwells,  Henry 
Gillman;   Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell;   Alma,     Infrequent. 

LATHYRUS  L. 

1343.  L.  maritimus  (L.)  Bigel.     Beach  Pea.    All  around  the  Great  Lakes,  but  sel- 
dom seen  in  the  interior.     Shore  of  Higgins  Lake,  G.  H.  Cannon.     Th. 

1344.  L.   myrtifolius  Muhl.     Myrtle-leaved  Marsh   Pea.     L.   palustris   myrtifolius 
A.  Gray.    Infrequent.     Th. 

*1345.  L.  ochroleucus  Hooker.  Hillsides  and  dry  uplands.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A. 
Farwell;  Alma,  and  southward.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*1346.  L.  palustris  L.  Ann  Arbor;  Ionia;  Bay  City,  Antrim  Co.;  Alma;  Petoskey 
to  L.  Sup.  Th. 

1347.     L.  venosus  Muhl.     Ionia  Co.;    Clinton  Co.;   Flint;   Macomb  Co.;   Ann  Arbor; 
Vestaburg.    Northward  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Infrequent.    Th. 

FALCATA  Gmel.     AMPHICARPAEA  Ell. 

*1348.  F.  comosa  (L.)  Kuntze.  Hog  Pea-nut.  Amphicarpaea  monoica  Ell.  Fields 
and  woods.  Commori.  Th. 

*1349.  F.  Pitcher!  (T.  &  G.)  Kuntze.  Pitcher's  Hog  Pea-nut.  Ampliicarpaea  Pitcheri 
T.  &  G.  Moist  woodlands.  Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Lenawee  Co..  W.  J.  B.;  Man- 
istee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Alma,  Whitmore  Lake,  C.  A.  Davis. 

APIOS  Moench. 
*1350.     Apios  Apios  (L.)  MacM.    Ground-nut.    A.  tuterosa  Moench.    Common.   C.  &  S. 


GERANIACE^:  J.  St.  Hil.     Geranium  Family. 

GERANIUM  L. 

1351.     G.  Bicknellii  Britton.     BicknelPs  Crane's-bill.     Thunder  Bay  Island,  Alpena 
Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1352.  G.  Carolinianum  L.  Carolina  Crane's-bill.  Macomb  Co.;  Clinton  Co.;  Alma. 
Rare  in  S.  &  C.,  abundant  in  vicinity  of  Farwell,  Clare  Co.,  thence  N.  to  L.  Superior. 
Th. 

1353.     G.  columbinum  L.    Long-stalked  Crane's-bill.    Grand  Detour,  T.  C.  Porter. 
*1354.     G.  maculatum  L.     Wild  Crane's-bill.     Canada  to  Florida.     T.  &  G.     Common. 
C.  &  S. 

1355.     G.  molle  L.    Harbor  Springs,  Hon.  G.  L.  Maurice.  . 

*1356.  G.  pusillum  Burm.  f.  Small-flowered  Crane's-bill.  Flint,  Dr.  Clark;  Benzie 
Co.,  W.  J.  B.;  Constantine,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A, 
Davis.  Adventive. 

1357.  G.  Robertianum  L.     Herb  Robert.     Put-in-Bay,  Lake  Erie;   Montcalm   Co.; 
Saginaw  Bay;   Mackinac,  and  Drummond's  Is.,  Winch.  Cat.;   L.   Sup.  Whitney's  Cat.; 
Keweenaw  Co.,   O.   A.  Farwell;    Island  near  AJgonac,  C.  K.   Dodge.     Common    around 
the  Great  Lakes,  but  seldom  seen  in  the  interior. 

1358.  G    rotundifolium   L.     Round-leaved  Crane's-bill.     Britton   &   Brown. 

ERODIUM  L'Her. 

1359.  E.  cicutarium   (L.)   L'Her.     Stork's-bill.     Alfilarilla.     Oceana  Co.:   Ionia  Co.; 
Kalamazoo;   Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge.     Not  yet  common. 


REAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  95 

OXALIDACEJE  Lindl.     Wood-Sorrel  Family. 
OXALIS  L. 

1360.  0.   Acetosella  L.     Common  Wood-sorrel.     Macomb  Co.;    L.   Sup.  and  north- 
ward, A.  Gray.  .Rare  in  S.  Peninsula.     Th. 

1361.  0.  corniculata  L.    Rochester,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

1362.  0.   cymosa   Small.     Tall   Yellow  Wood-sorrel.     Marquette   Co.,   Burt's   MS., 
Rochester,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Southward.     Common. 

*1363.     0.  stricta  L.    Upright  Yellow  Wood-sorrel.    Marquette  southward.     Common. 
1364.-  0.  violacea   L.     Violet  Wood-sorrel.     Winchell  Cat.;    S.   W.,  H.   S.   Pepoon. 
Rare.    S.  E. 

LINAGES  Duinort.     Flax  Family. 

LINUM  L. 

1365.  L.  humule  Mill.    Belle  Isle,  rare,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1366.  L.  medium    (Planch.)   Britton.     Port  Huron,  C.-K.  Dodge;   Belle  Isle,  0.  A. 
Farwell. 

1367.  L.  striatum  Walt.     Ridged  Yellow  Flax.     S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

1368.  L.  sulcatum  Riddell.     Grooved  Yellow  Flax.     Dr.  Wright;   University  Herb. 
Rare.    S. 

1369.  L.  usitatissimum  L.    Common  Flax.     Dr.  Clark,  and  Dr.  Wright;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell ;   Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.     Escaped  from  cultivation.     Infrequent. 

*1370.  L.  Virginianum  L.  Wild  Yellow  Flax.  Ann  Arbor,  Dr.  Lyons;  S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.;  Lenawee  Co.,  G.  F.  Comstock.  Infrequent.  S. 

RUTACE^  Juss.     Rue  Family. 

XANTHOXYLUM  L. 

*1371.  X.  Americanum  Mill.  Northern  Prickly  Ash.  Toothache-tree.  Everywhere 
along  streams  and  on  low  ground.  L.  P. 

PTELEA  L. 

*1372.  P.  trifoliata  L.  Hop-tree  Shrubby  Trefoil.  Very  abundant  on  the  low, 
rocky  islands  in  the  western  end  of  Lake  Erie,  and  frequent  along  river  banks  and 
the  shore  of  the  Great  Lakes.  Occurs  in  the  interior  as  far  north  as  Montcalm  Co. 
Does  not  occur  at  Flint,  and  is  not  mentioned  in  Dr.  Cooley's  MS.  Cat.,  but  is  given 
in  Dr.  Wright,  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  C.  &  S. 

SIMARUBACE^E  DO.     Ailanthus  Family. 

AILANTHUS  Desf. 

1373.  A.   glandulosa  Desf.     Tree-of -Heaven.     Port  Huron,   C.   K.   Dodge;    Detroit, 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

POLYGALACE^E  Eeichenb.     Milkwort  Family. 
POLYGALA  L. 

1374.  P.  ambigua  Nutt.     Loose-spiked  Milkwort.     P.  verticillata  ambiffua  Wood. 
Ypsilanti,  Mrs.  Lucy  Osband;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

1375.  P.  cruciata  L.     S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.    Rare.     S. 

1376.  P.  incarnate  L.     Pink  Milkwort.     Port  Huron,  Walpole  Island,  C.-K.  Dodge. 
Rare. 

*1377.  P.  paucifolia  Willd.  Flowering  Wintergreen.  Fringed  Polygala.  Common 
on  pine  land.  Th. 


96  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

*1378.  P.  polygama  Walt.  Sandy  soil.  „ Ionia,  Clinton  and  Montcalm  Counties; 
Grass  Lake,  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis.  Southward.  Abundant  near  Quinnesec,  Menom- 
inee  Co.,  E.  J.  Hill.  Th. 

*1379.  P.  Senega  L.  Seneca  Snakeroot.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Brad- 
ford; near  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Th. 

1380.     P.   Senega   latifolia  Torr.  &   Gray.     Hubbardston;   Flint;   Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis.     Rare.     Th. 

*1381.  P.  verticillata  L.  Whorled  Milkwort.  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Wayne  Co.  Com- 
mon in  some  places,  rare  in  others. 

*1382.  P.  viridescens  L.  Purple  Milkwort.  P.  sanguined  L.  Belding;  Ionia;  Flint; 
Macomb  Co.;  Grass  Lake,  Whitmore  Lake,  C.  A.  Davis.  Local,  but  usually  abundant 
when  found  at  all.  C.  &  S. 


EUPHORBIACEJE  J.  St.  Hil.     Spurge  Family. 

ACALYPHA  L. 

1383.     A.  gracilens  A.  Gray.     Slender  Three-seeded  Mercury.    A.  Virginica  yracilens 
Muell.     Detroit,  Dr.  D.  Clark. 

*1384.     A.  Virginica  L.     Three-seeded  Mercury.     Open   woods.     Variable.     Common. 
Th. 

EUPHORBIA  L.          , 

1385.     E.   commutata   Engelm.     Tinted   Spurge.     Ann    Arbor,   C.    A.   Davis;    Flint. 
Infrequent. 

*1386.     E.  corollata  L.     Flowering  Spurge.     Sandy  soil.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 
*1387.     E.  Cyparissias  L.     Cypress  Spurge.     Escaped  from   cultivation.     Frequent. 
*1388.     E.  Esula  L.     Leafly  Spurge.     Escaped  from  cultivation. 

1389.  E.  glyptosperma  Engelm.     Ridge-seeded  Spurge.     Escanaba,  Marquette,  C.  F. 
Wheeler. 

1390.  E.  Helioscopia  L.     Sun  Spurge.     Common  at  Detroit,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;    St. 
Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Mackinac  Island,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1391.  E.  hirsuta    (Torr.)    Weigand.     Hairy  Spurge.     E.  liypericifolia  liirsuta  Torr. 
Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Mackinac  Island,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1392.  E.  humistrata   Engelm.     Hairy  Spreading  Spurge.     Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark;    St. 
Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*1393.     E.  maculata  L.     Spotted  Spurge.     Roadsides  and  fields,  everywhere. 

1394.     E.  Nicaeensis.  All.     Nicaeati  Spurge.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge 
*1395.     E.  nutans  Lag.     Upright  Spotted  Spurge.     E.  Prcslii  Guss.     Cultivated  soil, 
and  waste  places.    Detroit,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Ionia;  Grand  Rapids.    Infrequent.    C.  &  S. 
*1396.     E.  obtusata  Pursh.    Belle  Isle,  rare,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*1397.     E.  Peplus  L.    Petty  Spurge.     Grand  Rapids,  H.  C.  Skeels;  Olivet,  H.  L.  Clark. 

1398.  E.   platyphylla    L/    Broad-leaved    Spurge.     Macomb    Co.;    "along   the    Great 
Lakes,"  A.  Gray;  Lake  Huron,  Dr.  Todd. 

1399.  E.  polygonifolia  L.     Knotweed  Spurge.     Sandy  shores  of  the   Great  Lakes. 
South  Haven,  L.  H.   Bailey;    Fort  Gratiot,  Winch.  Cat.;   Roscommon  and  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis.     Frequent.     Th. 

1400.  E.  serpyllifolia  Pers.     Thyme-leaved  Spurge.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

CALLITRICHACE^E  Lindl.     Water-Starwort  Family. 

CALLITRICHE  L. 

1401.  C.  bifida   (L.)  Morong.     Northern  Water  Starwort.     C.  autumnalis  L.     Flint, 
Dr.  Clark;  L.  Superior,  A.  Gray;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Sault  de  Ste.  Marie,  T.  Morong. 

1402.  C.  palustris  L.    Water  Starwort.    Water  Fennel.    C.  vcrna  L.    Ponds,  Macomb 
Co.,  Cooley;   Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;   Norway.  E.  J.  Hill;   Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  97 

EMPETRACE^:  Dumort.     Crowberry  Family. 

EMPETRUM  L. 

1403.  E.  nigrum  L.  Black  Crowberrv.  Whitney  Cat.  Pictured  Rocks,  G.  H.  Hicks. 
U.  P. 

LIMMANTHACE.E  Lindl.     False  Mermaid  Family. 

FLOERKEA  Willd. 

*1404.  F.  proserpinacoides  Willd.  False  Mermaid.  Ionia;  Hubbardston;  Flint; 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Not  rare  but  usually  overlooked. 

ANACARDIACE.E  Lindl.     Sumac  Family. 

RHUS  L. 

1405.  R.  aromatica  Ait.  Fragrant  Sumach.  R.  Canadensis  Marsh.  Less  frequent 
than  other  members  of  the  genus.  Found  chiefly  on  bluffs  and  sandy  hills  through 
the  middle  counties  of  the  L.  P.  "N.  to  the  Saskatchawan,"  Torr.  &  Gr.;  Saginaw 
Co.,  Washtenaw  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

*1406.  R.  copallina  L.  Dwarf  Sumach.  Abundant  in  the  pine  country  on  light 
soil.  C.  &  S. 

*1407.  R.  glabra  L.  Smooth  Sumach.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Very  common 
in  C.  Th. 

1407a.  R.  glabra  borealis  Britton.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1408.  R.  hirta  (L.)  Sudw.  Staghorn  Sumach.  R.  typhina  L.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis. 

1409.  R.  pubescens  (Mill)  O.  A.  F.  Northern  Poison  Oak.  R.  Toxicodendron 
quercifolia  Michx.  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1410.     R.   radicans  L.     Poison,   climbing  or  Three-leaved  Ivy.     Poison   Oak.    L.   P. 

1411.     R.  Rydbergii  Small.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1412.  R  Toxicodendron  L.  Tall-climbing,  often  to  tops  of  forest  trees;  stems 
occasionally  several  inches  in  diameter.  Th. 

*1413.  R.  Vernix  L.  Poison  Sumach.  Poison  Elder.  R.  venenata  DC.  Common 
in  swamps.  Green  Lake,  G.  Traverse  Co.  and  southward.  L.  P. 

ILICACE.E  Lowe.     Holly  Family. 

ILEX  L. 

*1414.     I.  verticillata  (L.)  A.  Gray.    Black  Alder.     Winterberry.    Low  grounds.     Th. 
ILICIOIDES  Dumont.     NEMOPANTHES  Raf. 

*1415.  I.  mucronata  (L.)  Britton.  Mountain  Holly.  Nemopanthes  fascicularis  Raf. 
Borders  of  swamps.  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis; 
Montcalm  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.,  and  northward.  Frequent.  Th. 

CELASTRACE^E  Lindl.     Staff-tree  Family. 
EUONYMUS  L. 

*1416.  E.  atropurpureus  Jacq.  Wahoo.  Burning  Bush.  Low  river  banks.  Well 
distributed,  but  nowhere  very  common.  C.  &  S. 

*1417.  E.  obovatus  Nutt.  Strawberry  Bush.  E.  Americamts  obobatus  T.  &  G.  Trail- 
ing. Common.  C.  &  S. 

CELASTRUS  L. 

*1418.     C.  scandens  L.     Wax-work.     Climbing  Bittersweet.     Frequent.     Th. 
13 


98  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF   SCIENCE. 

STAPHYLEACE^E  DC.     Bladder-nut  Family. 

STAPHYLEA  L. 

*1419.  S.  trifolia  L.  American  Bladder-nut.  Marquette  Co.,  and  southward,  Burt. 
Frequent  along  river  banks  in  L.  P.  Th. 

ACER  ACE  JE  J  St.  Hil.     Maple  Family. 
ACER  L. 

*1420.  A.  Negundo  L.  Box  Elder.  Ash-leaved  Maple.  Th.  Negundo  aceroides 
Moench.  River  banks.  A  small  tree.  West  of  Lake  Superior,  and  north  to  Saskatche- 
wan Valley.  Macoun  in  Candian  Cat.  Frequent  in  Grand  River  Valley;  escaped  from 
cultivation  in  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Belle  Isle,  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

*1420a.  A.  nigrum  Michx.  Black  Sugar  Maple.  A.  saccharinum  nigrum  T.  &  G. 
Common.  C.  &  S. 

1421.  A.  Pennsylvanicum  L.     Striped  Maple.     Abundant  in  U.  P.     Whitney;  com- 
mon at  Petoskey,  and  occasional  as  far  S.  on  the  Huron  shore  as  Alcona  Co.,  Winchell 
Cat.;  in  the  interior  as  far  as  Houghton  Lake.    N.  &  U.  P. 

1422.  A.  platanoides  L.     Norway  Maple.     Banks  of  Huron  River,  Ypsilanti,  O.  A. 
Farwell.     Introduced  from  Europe. 

*1424.  A.  rubrum  L.  Red  or  Swamp  Maple.  On  low  ground  and  along  streams. 
Very  common.  Th. 

*1425.  A.  saccharinum  L.  Silver  Maple.  A.  dasycarpum  Ehrh.  Low  ground  along 
rivers.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

*1426.  A.  Saccharum  Marsh.  Rock  or  Sugar  Maple.  A.  saccharinum  Wang.  Fre- 
quent in  the  U.  P.,  and  abundant  in  the  lower,  forming  extensive  groves,  either  alone 
or  in  connection  with  beech.  Th. 

*1427.  A.  spictatum  Lam.  Mountain  Maple.  Common  in  U.  P.;  Alcona  Co.,  Winch. 
Cat.;  Crystal  Lake,  Montcalm  Co.;  Alma,  C.  N.  &  U.  P. 

HIPPOCASTANACE^E  T.  &  G.     Buckeye  Family. 
AESCULUS  L. 

1428.  AE.  glabra  Willd.    Ohio  Buckeye.  Fetid  B.  Lenawee  Co.,  W.  J.  B.  •,  Washtenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell,  and  probably  in  other  localities  in  the  southern  tier  of  counties.     S 

1429.  AE.  Hippocasfenum  L.     Horse-chestnut.    Escaped  from  cultivation.    St.  Clair 
Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Washtenaw  and  Wayne  counties,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

BALSAMINACEJE  Lindl.     Jewel-weed  Family. 
IMPATIENS  L. 

*1430.  I.  aurea  Muhl.  Pale  Touch-me-not.  7.  pallida  Nutt.  Macomb  Co.;  Ionia 
Co.;  Sugar  Is.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Much  rarer  than  the  next.  Th. 

*1431.  I.  biflora  Walt.  Spotted  Touch-me-not.  I.  fulva  Nutt.  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A. 
Farwell;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Southward. 


RHAMNACE^E  Dumort.     Buckthorn  Family. 

RHAMNUS  L. 

*1432.     R.  alnifolia  L'Her.    Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     Common.     Th. 
*1433.     R.  cathartica  L.     Buckthorn.     Escaped  from  cultivation.     Lansing,  and  very 
likely  in  other  portions  of  the  state. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  .         99 

CEANOTHUS  L. 

*1434.  C.  Americanus  L.  New  Jersey  Tea.  Red-root.  Sandy  woods,  rarely  on 
beech  and  maple  land.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent. 

1435.  C.   ovatus  Desf.     Smaller  Red-root.     East   shore  L.   Huron,  E.   Ont.   and  L. 
Sup.,  Can.  Cat.;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Alcona  Co.;  Grayling;  Oscoda;  Manistee,  F.  P. 
Daniels. 

VITACE^)  Lindl.     Grape  Family. 
VITIS  L. 

1436.  V.  aestivalis  Michx.     Summer  Grape.     Sturgis.  F.  P.  Daniels. 

*1437.  V.  bicolor  Le  Conte.  Winter  Grape.  Lyons;  Stanton;  Crystal  Lake;  Mont- 
calm  Co.;  Flint;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  S.  Mich.,  Wright 
Cat.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

1438.     V.  cordifolia  Michx.     Frost  Grape.     Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels. 
*1439.     V.  Labrusca  L.     Northern  Fox-grape.     Muskegon,  W.  J.  B. 
1440.     V.  rotundifolia  Michx.     Rochester,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1441.  V.  vulpina  L.  Riverside  Grape,  riparia  Michx.  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels. 
Common  along  our  rivers;  infrequent  in  the  pine  region,  where  V.  bicolor  is  very 
abundant.  Th.  , 

PARTHENOCISSUS  Planch.  ,  '1*1 ,  j 

*1442.  P.  quinquefolia  (L.)  Planch.  Virginia  Creeper.  American  Ivy.  Ampelopsis 
quinqutfoUa  Michx,  Common.  Th. 

1443.  P.  quinquefolia  laciniata   (Planch.)   R.  vitacca  A.  S.  Hitchcock.     Frequent. 

1444.  P.  quinquefolia  hirsuta   (Donn.)   Torr.  &  Gray.     Bald-head  Park,  Saugatuck, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


TILLAGES  Juss.     Linden  Family. 

TILIA  L. 

*1445.  T.  Americana  L.  Bass  wood.  Linden.  Abundant  in  C.  &  S.,  common  in 
Emmet  Co.,  and  frequent  in  U.  P.,  "especially  in  Ontonagon  Valley,"  Whitney  Cat.  Th. 

MALVACEAE  Neck.     Mallow  Family. 

ALTHAEA  L. 

1446.     A.    officinalis  L.     Marsh -Mallow.     Bay   Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;    Detroit,  O.  A. 
Farwell. 

MALVA  L. 

*1447.  M.  Alcea  L.  European  Mallow.  Adventive  at  the  Agricultural  College;  Man- 
istee, F.  P.  Daniels. 

*1447a.  M.  crispa  L.  Curled  Mallow.  M.  verticillata  crispa  L.  Flimt,  Dr.  Clark; 
Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1448.  M.  moschata  L.  Musk  Mallow.  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  C.  A. 
Davis.  Southward.  Not  rare. 

*1449.  M.  rotundifolia  L.  Common  Mallow.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma, 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Southward.  Common.  Th. 

*1450.     M.  sylvestris  L.    High  Mallow.     Occasional.    L.  P. 

SIDA  L. 

1452.  S.   hermaphrodita    (L.)    Rusby.     Virginia  Mallow.     8.   Napaea   Cav.     Kala- 
mazoo,  R.  R.  track,  Tuthill.     Rare.     S. 

1453.  S.  spinosa  L.     Prickly  Sida.     Britton  and  Brown. 


100  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

ABUTILON  Gaertn. 

*1454.  A.  Abutilon  (L.)  Rusby.  Velvet-leaf.  A.  Avicennae  Gaert.  Roadsides  and 
river  banks.  Very  common  in  places,  and,  along  with  Datura  Stramonium,  forming 
regular  thickets.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  C.  &  S. 

HIBISCUS  L. 

1455.  H.  Moscheutos  L.  Swamp  Rose-mallow.  Monroe;  Flint;  Put-in-Bay,  Lake 
Erie;  St.  Joseph,  V.  Willoughbv;  Detroit,  D.  H.  Campbell;  Sai'gatuck,  Tuthill.  Rare. 
C.  &  S. 

^1456.  H.  Trionum  L.  Bladder  Ketmia.  South,  Dr.  Wright;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch. 
Cat.;  Flint;  Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Rare. 

HYPERICACE^E  Lindl.     St.  John's-wort  Family. 
HYPERICUM  L. 

•1457.  H.  Ascyron  L.  Great  St.  John's  Wort.  South  Haven;  Ann  Arbor;  Ft. 
Gratiot;  Macomb  Co.;  Ionia;  Stanton;  Hubbardston;  Alma;  Crystal  Lake;  Flint; 
.Ontonagon  River,  Whitney  Cat.;  Grand  Rapids,  Sones;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
Occurs  at  wide  intervals  and  in  small  patches.  Th. 

1458.  H.  boreale  (Britton)  Bicknell.  H.  Canadense  boreale  Britton.  Keweenaw 
Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1459.  H.  Canadense  L.  Canadian  St.  John's-wort.  Ann  Arbor,  Miss  Clark;  L.  Sup., 
A.  Gray;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Carp  River,  Porter;  Alma.  Infrequent. 

1460.  H.  ellipticum  Hook.    Ann  Arbor,  Miss  Clark;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Carp  River,  T.  C.  Porter.     Infrequent. 

1461.  H.  Kalmianum  L.     Kalm's  St.  John's-wort.     Along  the  lakes;  more  common 
northward.    Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Fort  Gratiot,  Winch.  Cat.;  Petoskey;  Port  Austin, 
C.  A.  Davis;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.    Th. 

*1462.     H.  maculatum  Walt.     Spotted  St.  John's-wort.     Common.     Th. 

*1463.  H.  ma  jus  (A.  Gray)  Britton.  Larger  Canadian  St.  John's-wort.  H.  Cana- 
dense mains  A.  Gray.  St.  Clair  Co.,  Foerste;  Flint;  Fruitport  and  Old  Mission,  E.  J. 
Hill;  L.  Sup.,  A.  Gray,.  Vestaburg.  Th. 

*1464.     H.  mutilum  L.    Dwarf  St.  John's-wort.    Common.     Th. 

*14C5.  H.  perforatum  L.  Common  St.  John's-wort.  Ionia;  Flint;  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell.  Infrequent. 

*1466.  H.  prolificum  L.  Shrubby  St.  J.  A  low,  compact  shrub.  Frequent  from  C. 
Southward.  Th. 

SAROTHRA  L. 

1467.  S.  gentianoides  L.  Pine-weed.  Hyitericum  nudicaule  Walt.  Ypsilanti.  O. 
A.  Farwell. 

TRIADENUM  Raf.    ELODEA  Pursh,  not  Michx. 

*1468.  T.  Virginicum  (L.)  Raf.  Marsh  St.  John's-wort.  Elodea  campanulata 
Pursh.  Common.  Th. 


CISTACE^)  Lindl.     Rock-rose  Family. 

HELIANTHEMUM  Pers. 

*1469.     H.  Canadense    (L.)    Michx.     Frost-weed.     Frequent.     Th. 

1470.  H.  majus  (L.)  B.  S.  P.     Hoary  Frost- weed.     Vestaburg,  Davis  and  Wlieeler; 
Muskegon,  W.  J.  B.;  Fife  Lake,  Alpena,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

HUDSONIA  L. 

1471.  H.  tomentosa   Nutt.     False  Heather.     Shores  of  Great  Lakes,  A.  Gray;    S. 
Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  L.  Sup.,  Can.  Cat.;  Oscoda.     Frequent.     Th. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FDp&A*  101 

LECHEA  L. 

1472.  L.  intermedia  Leggett.     Large-podded  Pin-weed.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge: 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

1473.  L.  minor  L.     Thyme-leaved  Pin-weed.     Pointe  aux  Pins,  Lake  Superior   Daw- 
son;  Au  Sable,  W.  J.  B.;   St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

1474.  L.  stricta  Leggett.     Prairie  Pin-weed.     Lower  falls  of  the  Menominee  River, 
C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*1475.     L.  villosa   Ell.     Hairy   Pin- weed.     L.   major  Michx.     Common  on  poor   soil 
C.  &  S. 

VIOLACE^E  DC.     Violet  Family. 
VIOLA  L. 

*1477.     V.  arenaria  D  C.    Sand  Violet.     Sandy  land.    Crawford  Co.,  W.  J.  B. 

*1478.     V.  blanda  Willd.     Sweet  White  Violet.     Low  ground.     Common  and  variable. 
Th. 

*1479.     V.  Canadensis  L.     Canada  Violet.     Abundant  on  be'fech  and  maple  land,  but 
seldom,  or  never  found  under  oaks.     Th. 

*1479a.     V.  cuculata  Ait.  Marsh  Blue  Violet.     ^7.  afflnis  Le  Conte.     V.  obUqua  Hill. 
Very  common.     Th. 

1479a.  V.  crassula  Greene.     Near  Jackson.     E.  L.  Greene. 

1480.  V.  cuspidata  Greene.     Utica  in  Macomb  Co.,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

1481.  V.   emarginata    (Nutt.)    Le   Conte.     Triangle-leaved  Violet.     Munith,   G.   H. 
Hicks;   Muskegon,  W.  J.  B.;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1482.  V.  fimbriatula  J.  E.  Smith.     V.  orata  Xutt.     S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.    Very  rare. 
Ann  Arbor,  Grand  Rapids,  C.  F.  Wheeler;    JJav   City.  G.  M.  Bradford;   Detroit,  0.  A. 
Farwell. 

*1483.     V.    Labradorica    Schrank.      American    Dog   Violet.      V.   canina   MuMenbergii 
Traut.     Common.     Th. 

1484.  V.  lanceolata  L.  Lance-leaved  Violet.  W.  Harrisvillex,  Glade  Pt.;  Kalkaska 
Co.;  Roscommon  Co.;  L.  Sup.;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Vestaburg,  C.  A.  Davis. 

1484a.  V.  Le  Conteana  Don.  V.  Wanda  amoena  (Le  Conte)  B.  S.  P.  Towar's  swamp, 
near  Lansing;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  shores  of  Barron  Lake,  Cass  Co.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

1484a.  V.  nodosa  Green.     Marengo,  Mich.     E.  L.  Greene. 

*1485.     V.  palmata  L.     Early  Blue  Violet.     Dry  to  moist  woods.     Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis. 

1485a.  V.  papilionacea  Ph.    Hooded  Blue  Violet.    Very  common. 

*148(i.     V.  pedata  L.     Bird-foot  Violet.     Common  on  light  sand;    our  finest  species 
N.  to  British  Am.;   lat.  55°.     Torr.  &  Gr.,  Fl.  N.  Am.    Th. 

1486a.  V.  peramoena  Greene.     Marengo.     E.  L.  Greene. 

*1487.     V.  pubescens  Aiton.     Downy  Yellow  Violet.     Beech  woods.     Common.     Th. 
*1488.     V.  pubescens  eriocarpa   (Schw.)  Nutt.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*1489.     V.  renifolia  A.  Gray.     Kidney-leaved  Violet.     V.   blanda  renifolia  A.  Gray. 
Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &-K.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell,  Gratiot  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*1490.     V.   rostrata  Pursh.     Long-spurred  Violet.     Well    distributed    and    frequent. 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     C.  &  S.  ' 

1491.  V.   rotundifolia   Michx.     Round-leaved   Violet.     Sugar   Island,   Winch.   Cat.; 
Michigan,  A.  Gray.    U.  P. 

1492.  V.  sagittata  Aiton.     Arrow-leaved  Violet.     Rare  in  some  sections,  common 
in  others.     Howard  City  and  Baldwin,  W.  J.  B. ;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Th.  * 

*1493.     V.  scabriuscula   (T.  &  G.)   Schwein.     Smoothish  Yellow  Violet.     V.  pubescens 
scrabiuscula  T.  &  G.    Frequent. 

1494.  V.  Selkirkii  Pursh.    Great-spurred  Violet.    Gillman;  A.  Gray;  Keweenaw  Co., 
O.  A.  Farwell.    U.  P. 

1495.  V.  septentrionalis  Greene.    S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
1490.     V.  sororia  Willd.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1497.     V.  striata  Aiton.     Pale  Violet.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;   Alma,  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.    'Southward.     Common.     Th. 

1498.  V.  Rafinesqueii  Greene.    Field  Pansy  ^7.  teneUa  Muhl.    Croswell,  W.  W.  Wier; 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1499.  V.  tricolor  L.     Pansy.     Heart's-ease.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1500.  V.  villosa  Walt.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 


102         .  MIGH1OAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

CALCEOLARIA  Loefl.     SOLEA  Spreng.     IONIDIUM  Vent. 

*1501.  C.  verticillata  (Ort.)  Kuntze.  Nodding  Violet.  Green  Violet.  Solea  concolor 
Ging.  Hubbardston;  Ann  Arbor,  Allm.  Cat.  Scarce  and  local.  Near  Grand  Rapids, 
Miss  E.  J.  Cole.  C.  &  S. 


CACTACE^  Lindl.     Cactus  Family. 
OPUNTIA  Mill. 

1502.  0.  humifusa  Raf.  Western  Prickly  Pear.  O.  Raftnesquii  Engelm.  Common 
in  Newaygo  Co.  along  the  Muskegon  River,  Cedar  Creek  Tp. ,  Muskegon  Co.,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  and  a  stunted  variety  on  sand  barrens  near  Greenville,  J.  Satterlee;  also, 
northward  into  British  Am.,  Engelmann. 

THYMELEACE^E  Eeichenb.     Mezereon  Family. 
DIRCA  L. 

*1503.  D.  palustris  L.  Leather-wood.  Moose-wood.  Woods.  The  tough  bark  used 
for  thongs  by  Indians.  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  South  Haven,  L,  H.  Bailey;  Alma, 
C.  A.  Davis,  and  northward.  Frequent.  Th. 

ELAEAGNACE^E  Lindl.     Oleaster  Family. 
LEPARGYRAEA  Raf.     SHEPHERDIA  Nutt. 

*1504.  L.  Canadensis  (L.)  Greene.  Canadian  Buffalo -berry.  Shepherdia  Canadensis 
Nutt.  Gravelly  banks.  "On  the  western  islands  in  Lake  Erie,"  Dr.  D.  Cooley;  Ann 
Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Flint,  and  northward.  Abundant  at 
Petoskey.  A  common  short  shrub,  L.  Superior,  Whitney  Cat.;  Benton  Harbor,  C.  F. 
Wheeler.  Th. 

LYTHRACE^)  Lindl.    Loosestrife  Family. 

DECODON  Gmelin. 

*1505.  D.  verticillatus  (L.)  Ell.  Swamp  Loosestrife.  Crystal  Lake,  Montcalm  Co.; 
Flint;  Birmingham,  Oakland  Co.;  South  Haven;  Orion;  Grass  Lake;  Fife  Lake,  farthest 
station  north  known.  Infrequent.  L.  P. 

LYTHRUM  L. 

1506.  L.  alatum  Pursh.     Near  Detroit,  Cooley  MS.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  S.  Mich.,  Wright 
Cat.;   Kalamazoo,   Tuthill;   Bay,  Tuscola  and  Huron  Counties,  C.  A.  Davis.     Maiden, 
Detroit  River, — Maclagan  Canadian  Cat.  O.  A.  Farwell 

1507.  L.  Salicaria  L.     Purple  Loosestrife.    Detroit  to  Bay  City,  Port  Huron,  C.  K. 
Dodge. 

MELASTOMACE^E  B.  Br.     Meadow-Beauty  Family. 
RHEXIA  L. 

1508.  R.    Virginica   L.     Deer -grass.     Muskegon,    C.    D.     McLouth;     S.   W.,   H.    S. 
Pepoon. 

ONAGRACE^  Dutnort.     Evening-primrose  Family. 

ISNARDIA  L.     LUDWIGIA  L.,  in  part. 

1509.  I.  palustris  L.     Marsh  Purslane.     Ludivigia  palustris  Ell.     Water  Purslane. 
Common.     L.  P. 


BEAL   ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  103 

LUDWIGIA  L. 

1510.  L.   alternifolia   L.     Seed-box.     Dr.   Wright;    near   Detroit,  Dr.   Cooley;    near 
Algonac,  C.  K.  Dodge;   S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.     S.  W. 

1511.  L.  polycarpa  Short  &  Peter.    Dr.  Pitcher  and  Dr.  Clark.    St.  Glair  Co.,  A.  F. 
Foerste,  C.  K.  Dodge.    C.  &  S. 

CHAMAENERION  Adans.     EPILOBIUM  L.,  in  part. 

*1512.  C.  angustifolium  (L)  Scop.  Great  Willow-herb.  Epilobium  spicatum.  Lam. 
E.  angustifolium  L.  Great  Willow  Herb  Fire-weed.  Springs  up  abundantly  where  for- 
ests have  been  burned  over,  hence  one  common  name. 

1512a.  C.  angustifolium  canescens  (Wood.)    Trelease.   Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

EPILOBIUM  L. 

1513.     E.    adenocaulon    Haussk.      Northern     Willow-herb.      Trelease,     Revision     of 
Epilobium,  p.  95.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Frequent. 

*1514.     E.  coloratum  Muhl.    Purple-leaved  Willow-herb.    Common.    Th. 

1515.     E.    Hornemanii   Reichenb.     Hornman's   Willow-herb.     Upper   Wisconsin   and 
Michigan.     A.   Gray.      U.   P. 

*1516.  E.  lineare  Muhl.  Linear-leaved  Willow-herb.  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Alma; 
Stanton,  and  north  to  L.  Sup.  Infrequent  in  C.  and  rare  or  not  at  all  in  S. 

1517.  E.  palustre   L.     Marsh   Willow-herb.      Frequent   in   swamps. 

1518.  E.  paniculatum  Nutt.     Panicled  Willow-herb.     Britton  and  Brown. 

*1519.  E.  strictum  Muhl.  Soft  Willow-herb.  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Ann  Arbor; 
Macomb  Co.,  Alma;  northward  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.  Frequent. 

ONAGRA  Adans.     CBNOTHEEA  L.,  in  part. 

*1520.  0.  biennis  (L.)  Scop.  Common  Evening  Primrose.  Oenothera  biennis  L. 
Common.  Th. 

1521.  0.  Oakesiana     (A.    Gray.)     Britton.      Oakes    Evening    Primrose.     Oenothera 
biennis  Oakesiana  A.  Gray.     Shores  of  the  Great  Lakes. 

OENOTHERA  L. 

1522.  0.  laciniata  Hill.     0.  sinuata  L.  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Rare. 

1523.  0.  rhombipetala  Nutt.     S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

KNEIFFIA  Spach.     CENOTHERA  L.,  in  part. 

1524.  K.   fruticosa    (L.)    Raimann.      Common    Sundrops.      Oenothera   fruticosa   L. 
Palo,  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Ann  Arbor,  Allmend.  Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co..  O.  A. 
Farwell.     Th. 

1525.  K.   pumila    (L.)    Spach.     Small   Sundrop.     Oenothera  pumila  L.     Ontonagon 
Falls,  Whitney  Cat.;  So.  Mich.,  Wr.  Cat.;  Oscoda,  shore  Lake  Huron.    Infrequent.    Th. 

HARTMANNIA  Spach.     CENOTHEEA  L.,  in  part. 

1526.  H.  speciosa   (Nutt.)   Small.     Showy  Primrose.     Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

GAURA  L. 

1527.  G.  biennis  L.     Biennial  Gaura.     Dr.  Wright.     Maiden,  Ont.,  Maclagan,  Cana- 
dian Catalogue.     Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

1528.  G.  coccinea  Pursh.     Scarlet  Gaura.     White  Pigeon,  W.  J.  B. 

CIRCAEA  L. 

*1529.     C.  alpina  L.     Smaller  Enchanter's  Nightshade.     Woods.     Common.     Th. 
*1530.     C.  Lutetiana  L.    Enchanter's  Nightshade.     Woods.    Very  common.     Th. 


104  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY   OP  SCIENCE. 

HALORAGIDACEJE  Kl.  &  Garcke.     Water-Milfoil  Family. 

HIPPURIS  L. 

1531.  H.    vulgaris    L.     Mare's    tail.     L.    Sup.,    Can.    Cat.;    S.    Mich.,    Wright    Cat; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Black  River,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;   Escanaba,  E.  J. 
Hill.     Rare.     Th. 

1532.  H.   vulgaris   fluviatilis  Hart.     Keweenaw  peninsula,  Robbins;    Indian  River, 
Cheboygan  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

PROSERPINACA  L. 

*1533.  P.  palustris  L.  Menn  aid- Weed.  In  swamps  along  with  Alopecurus  aristu- 
latus  and  Ludwigia  palustris.  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell ;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. ; 
Ann  Arbor,  Huron,  Tuseola,  Alpena  Counties,  C.  A.  Davis. 

MYRIOPHYLLUM  L. 

1534.  M.  alterniflorum  DC.    St.  Clair  River,  W.  S.  Cooper;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

1535.  M.  Farwellii  Morong.    FanvelPs  Water-Milfoil.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1536.  M.   heterophyllum   Michx.     Loose-flowered   Water-Milfoil.      Fruitport,   E.   J. 
Hill;    Huron  R.   at  Ypsilanti,   Lyons;    Macomb  Co.,   Cooley;    Manistee,   F.   P.   Daniels. 
Rare. 

*1537.     M.    spicatum    L.      Spiked    Water-Milfoil.      Abundant,    L.    Sup.,    Can.    Cat.; 
Black  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.   &  K.;   Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co.     Common.     Th. 
1538.     M.  tenellum  Bigelow.     Slender  Water-Milfoil.     Gray's  Manual. 

*1539.  M.  verticillatum  L.  Whorled  Water-Milfoil.  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Macomb 
Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.  Common.  L.  P.  Ann  Arbor,  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

ARALIACE^)  Vent.     Ginseng  Family. 

ARALIA  L. 

*1540.  A.  hispida  Vent.  Bristly  Sarsaparilla.  Wild  Elder.  In  a  peat  bog  near  the 
Agricultural  College;  also  on  dry  clay  soil;  lot  21,  Collegeville,  Ingham  Co.;  Wash- 
tenaw  Co.,  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Apparently  not  common  south  of  the  pine  region. 

*1541.  A.  nudicaulis  L.  Wild  Sarsaparilla.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

*1542.     A.  racemosa  L.     Spikenard.     Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;   Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A. 
Farwell;  Roscommon,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     Frequent.     Th. 
1543.     A.  spinosa  L.     Spreading  from  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

PANAX  L. 

*I544.  P.  quinquefolium  L.  Ginseng.  Aralia  quinquefolia  Decsne.  &  Planch.  Sault 
Ste.  Marie;  Ludington;  Stanton,  formerly  in  great  abundance;  Hubbardston;  Flint; 
Macomb  Co.;  southwest.  Wright  Cat.  Th. 

1545.  P.  trifolium  L.    Dwarf  Ginseng  or   Ground-nut.    Aralia  trifolia  Decsne.   & 
Planch.     Frequent  northward  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Th. 

UNBELLIFERJE  B.  Juss.     Corrot  Family. 
DAUCUS  L. 

1546.  D.  Carota  L.     Wild  Carrot.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  near  Grand  Rapids,  G.  D.  Sones. 

ANGELICA  L.  ARCHAXGELICA  Hoffm. 

*1547.  A.  atropurpurea  L.  Great-purple-stemmed  Angelica.  Alma,  occasional  in 
S.,  common  in  C.  &  N.;  also  L.  Sup.  Can.  Cat.  Th. 

1548.     A.   villosa    (Walt.)    B.   S.   P.     A.   Mrsuta  Muhl.     Emmet  Co.,  Winch.    Cat.; 
Pontiac;   Detroit,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     Dry  banks  and  open  woods.     Infrequent. 


SEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  105 

CONIOSELINUM  Hoffm. 

*1549.  C.  Chinense  (L.)  B.  S.  P.  Hemlock  Parsley.  Ann  Arbor,  All.  Cat.;  Macomb 
Co.;  Flint;  Hubbardston  and  north,  C.  F.  Wheeler.  Infrequent.  Th. 

OXYPOLIS  Raf.     TIEDEMANNIA  DC. 

*1550.  0.  rigidus  (L.)  Britton.  Cowbane.  Tiedemannia  rigida  Coult.  &  Rose.  Hub- 
bardston; Ann  Arbor,  All.  Cat.  Not  much  N.  of  lat.  .43.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

HERACLEUM  L. 
*1551.     H.  lanatum  Michx.     Low  ground.     Common.     Th. 

PASTINACA  L. 

*1552.     P.  sativa  L.     Wild  Parsnip.     Fields.     Infrequent.     Th. 

IMPERATORIA  L. 

1553.  I.  Ostruthium  L.     Master-wort.     Muskegon,  C.  D.  McLouth. 

POLYTAENIA  DC. 

1554.  P.  Nuttallii  DC.    Dr.  Wright,  also  A.  Gray.    Rare.     S. 

FOENICULUM  Adans. 

1555.  F.  Foeniculum  (L.)  Karst.     Fennel.     Ballast  grounds,  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

THASPIUM  Nutt. 

1556.  T.  barbinode  (Michx.)  Nutt.    Hairy-jointed  Meadow  Parsnip.    Jackson,  S.  H. 
Camp. 

1557.  T.  trifoliatum   (L.)  Britton.     Purple  Meadow  Parsnip.     Confined  to  the  two 
southern  tiers  of  counties. 

1558.  T.  trifoliatum  aureum   (Nutt.)  Britton.    Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell. , 

ERYNGIUM  L. 

1559.  E.  aquaticum  L.    Button  Snakeroot.    E.  yuccaefolium  Michx.    White  Pigeon, 
1838,  Dr.  Wright,  in   University  Herb;    Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;    S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Rare.     S.  W. 

SANICULA  L. 

*1560.  S.  Canadensis  L.  Short-styled  Snakeroot.  8.  Marylandica  Canadensis  Torr. 
Hubbardston:  Flint;  Ann  Arbor;  All.  Cat.;  Alma.  Beech  and  maple  woods.  Infre- 
quent. C.  &  S. 

*1561.  S.  gregaria  Bicknell.  Clustered  Snake-root.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Agricultural 
College,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1562.     S.  Marylandica  L.     Black  Snake-root.     Oak  woods.     Common.     Th. 

15G3.     S.    trifoliata   Bicknell.      Large-fruited    Snake-root.     Alma,   C.   A.   Davis    and 
C.  F.  Wheeler. 

TAENIDIA  Drude.     PIMPIXELLA  L.,  in  part.  t 

*1564.  T.  integerrima  (L.)  Drude.  Yellow  Pimpernel.  Pimpinella  integerrima  A. 
Gray.  Dry  soil.  Very  abundant  in  Grand-Saginaw  Valley.  Th. 

CHAEROPHYLLUM  L. 

*156f,.  C.  procumbens  (L.)  Crantz.  Spreading  Chervil.  Low  woods.  Frequent  in 
Granr1  River  Valley;  Valley  of  the  Raisin  River  near  Dundee,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Macomb 
Co.  C.  &  S. 

14 


106  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OP   SCIENCE. 

WASHINGTONIA  Raf.     OSMOBRHIZA  Raf. 

*1566.  W.  Clayton!  (Michx.)  Britton.  Woolly  Sweet-cicely.  OsmwrMza  brevlstylis 
DC.  The  prevailing  species,  Winchell;  probably  true  of  counties  along  the  Huron  shore. 
Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis.  Common.  Th. 

*1567.  W.  longistylis  (Torr.)  Britton.  Smoother  Sweet-Cicely.  Osm,orrMza  longi- 
stylis  DC.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Common.  Th. 

CONIUM  L. 

*1568.  C.  maculatum  L.  Poison  Hemlock.  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.  Infrequent 
in  C.  &  S.  Common  at  Mackinac,  Winch.  Cat. 

SIUM  L. 

*1569.  S.  cicutaefolium  Gmel.  Water-Parsnip.  Clinton  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.; 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent.  Th. 

ZIZIA  Koch. 

*1570.     Z.  aurea   (L.)  Koch.     Golden  Meadow-Parsnip.     Low  ground.     Common.     Th. 

1571.  Z.   cordata    (Walt.)    DC.     Heart-leaved   Alexanders.     Flint;    Put-in-Bay   and 
S.  W.,  Dr.  Wright;  Barren  Lake,  Cass  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler.     Rare.     C.  &  S. 

CARUM  L. 

1572.  C    Copticum   (L.)   Benth.     Ballast  grounds.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*1573.     Carui  L.  Caraway.     Naturalized  in  many  places. 

CICUTA  L. 

*1574.     C.  bulbifera  L.     Bulb-bearing  Water  Hemlock.     Swamps.     Common.     Th. 
*1575.     C.  maculata  L.     Spotted  Cowbane.     Beaver  Poison.     Musquash  Root.     Th. 

DERINGA  Adans.     CBYPTOTAENIA  DC. 

*1576.  D.  Canadensis  (L.)  Kuntze.  Hornwort. .  Cryptotaenia  Canadensis  DC.  Lo\r 
woods.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

BERULA  Hoffm. 

1577.  B.  erecta  (Huds.)  Coville.  Cut-leaved  Water  Parsnip.  B.  anffustifolia  Mert. 
&  Koch.  Winchell,  and  A.  Gray;  Kalamazoo,  Tuthill;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels.  Infre- 
quent. S. 

HYDROCOTYLE  L. 

*1578.  H.  Americana  L.  American  Marsh-Pennywort.  Common  in  C.;  Alma,  C.  A. 
Davis.  L.  P. 

*1579.  H.  umbellata  L.  Umbellate  Marsh-Pennywort.  Woodward  Lake,  Ionia  Co.; 
S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.:  Alma,  C.  Ar  Davis.  Either  grows  on  sandy  shores  or  is  wholly 
aquatic  with  floating  leaves. 

ERIGENIA  Nutt. 
*1580.    E.  bulbosa  (Michx.)  Nutt.    Harbinger  of  Spring.    Common.    C.  &  S. 

CORNACE^  Link.     Dogwood  Family. 
CORNUS  L. 

*1581.  C.  alternifolia  L.  f.  Alternate-leaved  Cornel.  Banks.  Frequent.  The  dead 
stems  bright  yellow.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Rare  in  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.; 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

*1582.  C.  Amomum  Mill.  Silky  Cornel.  Kinnikinnik.  C.  sericea  L.  Near  Detroit, 
O.  A.  Farwell:  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

1583.  C.  asperifolia  Michx.  Rough-leaved  Dogwood.  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Homer,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 


DEAL   ON   MICHIGAN    FLORA.  107 

*1584.  C.  Baileyi  Coulter  &  Evans.  Bailey's  Cornel.  Petoskey,  New  Buffalo,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  abundant  along  E.  shore  of  Lake  Michigan  on  sand  dunes,  occasional  in  Che- 
boygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1585.     C.  candidissima  Mill.  Panicled  Cornel.     Common.     L.  P. 

*1586.  C.  Canadensis  L.  Dwarf  Cornel.  Bunch-berry.  Rare  south.  Constantine, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ann  Arbor,  G.  D.  Sones.  Northward  very  common.  Th. 

1587.  C.  circinata  L'Her.  Round-leaved  Dogwood.  Klinger  Lake;  Hubbardston  to 
Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.j  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis  and  northward  to  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*1588.  C.  florida  L.  Flowering  Dogwood.  Frequent  as  far  north  as  Grand-Saginaw 
Valley,  usually  as  a  low  tree  in  oak  woods.  C.  &  S. 

*1589.  C.  polygama  Raf.  G.  purpuri  Koehne.  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Detroit, 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

1590.  C.  stolonifera  Michx.  Red-osier.  Dogwood.  Marshes,  borders  of  streams. 
Very  common.  Th. 

NYSSA  L. 

*1591.  N.  sylva'tica  Marsh.  Pepperidge.  Tupelo.  Sour-Gum  Tree.  Frequent.  Alma, 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels.  L.  P.  Edges  of  swamps.  Frequent. 

PYROLACE^E  Agardh.     Wintergreen  Family. 
PYROLA  L. 

1592.  P.    asarifolia    Michx.      Liver-leaf    Wintergreen.      P.    rotundifoUa    asarifolia 
Hook.    The  Cove,  L.  Huron,  Winch.  Cat. 

1593.  P.  chlorantha  Swartz.     Greenish-flowered  Wintergreen.     Pine  woods.     Alma. 
Rare  south  of  lat.  43.     Frequent  northward.     C.  N.  &  N.  R.  R. 

*1594.  P.  elliptica  Nutt.  Snin-leaf.  Rich  woods.  Ann  Arbor;  Ionia  Co.;  northward 
to  L.  Superior.  Common.  Th. 

1595.     P.  minor  L.     Lesser  Wintergreen.     Cold  woods,  L.  Superior,  A.  Gray.     L.  P. 

*1596.     P.  rotundifolia  L.    Round-leaved  Wintergreen.    Dry  oak  woods.    Common.  Th. 

*1597.  P.  secunda  L.  One-sided  Wintergreen.  Rich  woods.  Common.  Th.  P. 
secunda  pumila  A.  Gray.  Grayling,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Oscoda;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.; 
Escanaba,  E.  J.  Hill;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1598.  P.  uliginosa  Torr.     Bog  Wintergreen.     P.  rotundifolia  uliginosa  A.  Gray.   L. 
Superior,  Prof.  J.  Macoun;   Quinnesec,  E.  J.  Hill;   Livingston  Co.,  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Cheboygan  Co.,  Beardslee. 

MONESES  Salisb. 

1599.  M.  uniflora   (L.)  A.  Gray.     One-flowered  Wintergreen.     M.  grahdiftora.     S.  F. 
Gray.     Pine  forests.     Montcalm  Co.;   Flint.;    Indian  River,  Wheeler;   Clarkston,  G.  H. 
Hicks;  Fort  Gratiot,  Winch.  Cat.;  cedar  swamps,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Escanaba,  E.  J.  Hill.     Rare.     Th. 

CHIMAPHILA  Pursh. 

1600.  C.  maculata   (L.)   Pursh.     Spotted  Wintergreen.     Oak  woods.     Ionia;  Bangor 
and  South  Haven,  Van  Buren  Co.;  Flint.     Rare  or  local. 

*1601.  C.  umbellata  (L.)  Nutt.  Pipsissewa.  Prince's  Pine.  Pine  woods.  Common. 
Th. 

MONOTROPACEJE  Lindl.     Indian-pipe  Family. 

PTEROSPORA  Nutt. 

1602.  P.  Andromedea  Nutt.  Giant  Bird's-nest.  Pine  Drops.  Sitting  Rabbit,  Winch. 
Cat.;  Carp  River,  U.  P.,  Whitney  Cat;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  East  Tawas; 
Elk  Rapids. 

MONOTROPA  L. 

*1603.     M.  uniflora  L.    Indian  Pipe.     Corpse  Plant.    Damp  woods.     Frequent.     Th. 


110  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

1637.  L.  quadrifolia  L.  Cross  wort.  Sandy  soil.  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ionia 
Co.;  Montcalm  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.,  Alma;  northward  to  Oscoda  Co.  L.  P. 

*1638.  L.  terrestris  (L.)  B.  S.  P.  Bulb-bearing  Loosestrife.  L.  stricta  Ait.  Borders 
of  marshes.  Alnta,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

STEIRONEMA  Raf. 

*1639.     S.  ciliatum    (L.)    Raf.     Fringed  Loosestrife.     Swamps.     Common.     Th. 

1640.  S.  lanceolatum  (Walt.)  A.  Gray.  Lance-leaved  Loosestrife.  Howard  City, 
W.  J.  B,;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  low  grounds,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. 

*1642.  S.  quadriflorum  (Sims)  Hitchc.  Prairie  Moneywort.  S.  longifolium  A. 
Gray.  Banks  of  streams.  Ann  Arbor  and  Ft.  Gratiot,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Flint. 
Frequent.  L.  P. 

NAUMBERGIA  Moench. 

*1643.  N.  thyrsiflora  (L.)  Duby.  Tufted  Loosestrife.  LysimacTiia  tUyrsiflora  L. 
Tufted  Loosestrife.  Swampy  soil.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Common. 

TRIENTALIS   L. 

*1644.     T.  Americana  (Pers.)  Pursh.    Star-flower.    Damp  woods.     Common.     Th. 

ANAGALLIS   L. 

1645.  A.  arvensis  L.     Comm/m  Pimpernel.     Ann  Arbor,  Mary  H.  Clark;   St.  Glair, 
C.  K.  Dodge;   Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

DODECATHEON  L. 

1646.  D.   Meadia  L.     Shooting  Star.     Moist,  shaded  grounds,  A.   Gray,  Dr.  A.  B. 
Lyons;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

OLEACE^E  Lindl.     Olive  Family. 

SYRINGA  L. 

1647.  S    Persica  L.     Persian  Lilac.     Keweenaw  Co.,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1648.  S.  vulgaris  L.    Lilac.    Keweenaw  Co.,  Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Escaped  from 
cultivation. 

FRAXINUS  L. 

*1649.     F.  Americana  L.     White  Ash.     Common.     Th. 

*1650.  F.  lanceolata  Borck.  Green  Ash.  F,  viridis  Michx.  f.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis; 
Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  and  northward.  Rare. 

*1651.     F.  nigra  Marsh.     Black  Ash.     F.  sambucifolia  Lam.     Common.     Th. 

*1652.  F.  Pennsylvanica  Marsh.  Red  Ash.  F.  pubescens  Lam.  Low  grounds. 
Ionia  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright.  Cat.;  Drummond's  I.,  Winch.  Cat.;  along  Black  River, 
Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell  Scarce. 

*1653.  F.  quadrangulata  Michx.  Blue  Ash.  Rich  woods.  Infrequent.  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis;  Lenawee  Co.,  W.  J.  B. 

GENTIANACE^:  Dumort.     Gentian  Family. 
ERYTHRAEA  Neck. 

*1654.  E.  Centaurium  (L.)  Pers.  Centaury.  Agricultural  College  grounds,  L.  H. 
Bailey.  The  only  locality  known  in  the  State. 

SABBATIA   Adans. 

1655.  S  angularis  (L.)  Pursh.  Marshes,  Cass  Co.,  Univ.  Herb.,  1838;  Goguac 
Lake,  near  Battle  Creek,  V.  M.  Spalding;  S.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.;  Berrien  Co.,  E.  F. 
Smith.  Rare. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  Ill 

GENTIANA  L. 

*1656.     G.  Andrews!!  Griesb.     Closed  Gentian.     Elver  banks.     Frequent. 

*1657.  G.  crinata  Froel.  Fringed  Gentian.  Low  grounds,  Lenawee  Co.,  G.  F.  Corn- 
stock;  Ann  Arbor,  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis,  Winch.  Cat.;  South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Mack- 
inac,  Whitney;  Ionia  Co.  Frequent.  Th. 

*I658.  G.  detonsa  Rottb.  Samller  Fringed  Gentian.  0.  serrata  Gunner.  Tama- 
rack swamps.  Frequent.  Th. 

1659.  G.  flavida  A.  Gray.     Yellowish   Gentian.     G.  alba  A.  Gray.     Low  meadows 
and  borders  of  woods.     Ionia  Co.;   Clinton  Co.;   Ann  Arbor  and  S.  *W.,  Winch.  Cat.; 
to-  L.  Superior.     Rare  or  local. 

1660.  G.  linearis  Froel.     Narrow-leaved  Gentian.    A.  latifolia  A.  Gray.    Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Escanaba,  C.  F.  Wheeler.     Creek  bottoms. 

*1661.  G.  puberula  Michx.  Downy  Gentian.  Barrens.  Ann  Arbor,  Miss  Clark,  Miss 
Allmendinger.  Rare.  S. 

1662.  G.  quinquefolia  L.     Stiff  Gentian.    Moist  hillsides.    Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.; 
Ionia  Co.     Occasional.     C.  &  S. 

1663.  G.  quinquefolia  occidentalis   (A.  Gray)  A.  S.  Hitchcock.     Lenawee  Co.,  G.  F. 
Comstock;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Hubbardston;  Macomb  Co.     Infrequent. 

1664.  G.   rubricaulis   Schwein.     Red-stemmed   Gentian.     G.    linearis   lanceolata  A. 
Gray.     Pt.  au  Chene,  L.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  low  ground  near  Black  Lake,  Cheboygan 
Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Minnesota  and  along  L.  Superior,  A.  Gray.     N.  &  U.  P. 

1665.  G.  Saponaria  L.     Soapwort  Gentian.     Moist  woods.     Macomb  Co.;   S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.;  St.  Clair,  C.  K.  Dodge.    Infrequent.    S. 

FRASERA  Walt. 

*1666.  F.  Carolinensis  Walt.  American  Columbo.  Jackson  Co..  and  westward, 
Winch.  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  Miss  Clark;  Constantine,  Three  Rivers,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ingham 
Co.,  W.  J.  B.;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Addison,  0.  C.  McLouth;  Lonawee  Co.,  G.  F. 
Comstock;  Grand  Rapids;  Macomb  Co.;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.  Scarce.  C.  &  S. 

TETRAGONANTHUS  G.  Gmel.     HALENIA  Borck. 

• 

1667.  T.  deflexus  (J.  E.  Smith)  Kuntze.     Spurred  Gentian.     Halenia  deflexa  Griseb. 
Shore  of  Little   Traverse  Bay,  near  Harbor   Point;    Drummond's  Is.   and   St.   Helen's 
Is.,   Winch.    Cat.;'  northward   to    Lake    Superior;    shore   Black   Lake,   Cheboygan   Co.; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Frequent. 

1668.  T.  deflexus  Brentonianus    (Griseb.)   Britton.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

BARTONIA  Muhl. 

*1669.  B.  Virginica  (L.)  B.  S.  P.  B.  tenella  Willd.  Open  woods.  S.  Mich.,  Wright 
Cat.;  Algonac;  Hubbardston;  Flint;  Grayling;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Grass  Lake, 
C.  A.  Davis.  Rare. 

MENYANTHACEJE  G.  Don.     Buckbean  Family. 

MENYANTHES  L. 
*1670.    M.  trifoliata  L.    Buckbeam.    Bogs.    Th. 

LIMNANTHEMUM  Gmelin. 

1671.  L.  lacunosum   (Vent.)    Griseb.     Floating  Hart.     Keweenaw  Pt.,  Dr.  Bobbins. 

APOCYNACEJE  Lindl.     Dogbane  Family.        . 
VINCA  L. 

1672.  V.  minor  L.     Periwinkle.    Occasionally  escaped  from  cultivation. 


112  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

APOCYNUM  L. 

*1G73.  A.  androsaemifolium  L.  Spreading  Dogbane.  Borders  of  woods.  Common. 
Th. 

*1674.  A.  cannabinum  L.  Indian  Hemp.  Low  grounds.  Exceedingly  variable  in 
size,  habit,  shape  of  leaves,  pubescence.  Common.  Th. 

*1675.    A.  cannabinum  glaberrimum  DC.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1676.  A.  hypericifolium  Ait.    Clasping-leaved  Dogbane.    Washington,  Dr.  D.  Cooley; 
Flint,  Dr.  D.  Clark;   St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

1677.  A.  Milleri  Britton.     Miller's  Dogbane.     Detroit,  O.  A,  Farwell. 

1678.  A.  pubescens  R.  Br.     Velvet  Dogbane.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

ASCLEPIADACE^:  Lindl.     Milkweed  Family. 

ASCLEPIAS  L. 

1679.  A.   amplexicaulis  J.   E.    Smith.     A.    oMiisifolia  Michx.     Baldwin.   Lake   Co., 
W.  J.  B.;   Sturgis;  Barren  Lake.  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Niles.  O.  J.  Stilwell.     Rare. 

*16SO.  A.  exaltata  (L.)  Muhl.  Poke  Milkweed.  A.  phytolaccoides  Pursh.  Moist 
grounds.  Ann  Arbor;  Ft.  Gratiot,  Winch.  Cat.;  Alma;  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co. 
Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*1681.     A  incarnata  L.     Swamp  Milkweed.    Banks  of  streams.     Common.    Th. 

1682.  A.   pulchra   Ehrh.     Hairy  Milkweed.     Hansen's  Island.     Algonac   Co.,  J.  W. 
Stacy. 

1683.  A.   purpurascens   L.     Purple  Milkweed.     Woods.     Ann   Arbor,   Winch.   Cat.; 
Ionia  Co.;  Clinton  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Huron  Co.;  Tuscola  Co.     S.  &  S. 

1684.  A.   quadrifolia   Jacq.     Four-leaved  Milkweed.     Ann   Arbor,  WinchelPs  Cata- 
logue. 

*1685.  A.  Syriaca  L.  Common  Milkweed.  A.  Cornuti  Dec.  Fields.  Common.  Th. 
1686.  A.  Sullivantii  Engelm.  Sullivan's  Milkweed.  Walpole  Island,  C.  K.  Dodge; 
Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis;  Esserville,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*1687.  A.  tuberosa  L.  Butterfly-weed.  Pleurisy-root.  Sandy  soil.  Ranges  from 
Canada  to  Florida  and  from  the  Saskatchewan*  Valley  to  Texas.  Common. 

1688.  A.  verticillata  L.    Whorled  Milkweed.     Barrens,  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Mon- 
roe Co.,  Grand  Rapids,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Washington,  Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  D.  Cooley,, 

ACERATES  Ell. 

1689.  A.  Floridana    (Lam.)    Hitchc.     Florida  Milkweed.     A.   longifolia  Ell.     South 
Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey;   Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell;   Tuscola  Co., 

C.  A.  Davis. 

1690.  A.  viridiflora    (Raf.)   Eaton.     Green  Milkweed.     C.  &  S.     Grand  Rapids,  Geo. 

D.  Sones;    Ft.  Gratiot,  Winch.   Cat.;    S.  W.,  Wright  Cat.;   Ann  Arbor,  C.   A.   Davis; 
S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Rare. 

CYNANCHUM  L.     VINCETOXICUM      Walt.,  in  part. 

*1691.  C.  nigrum  (L.)  Pers.  Black  Swallow- wort.  Vincetoxicum  nigrum  Moench. 
Escaped  from  cultivation  on  College  grounds. 

CONVOLVULACE.E  Vent.     Morning-Glory  Family. 
CONVOLVULUS  L. 

1692.     C.  Americanus   (Sims.)  Greene.     S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

*1693.  C.  arvensis  L.  Bindweed.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Hubbardston; 
College  grounds^  along  C.  &  G.  T.  R.  R.  Spreading. 

1695.     C.  hederacea  Wall.     Chinese  Morning  glory.     Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 
*1696.     C.  repens  L.     Trailing  Bindweed.     C.  sepium  repens  A.  Gray.     Frequent. 
*1697.     C.  sepium  L.    Hedge  Bindweed.    Low  grounds.    Common.    Th. 

1698.     C.  spithamaeus  L.    Upright  Bindweed.     Sandy  fields.    Local.    Th. 

1698a.  C.  stans  Michx.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  113 

IPOMOEA  L. 

1699.  I   Pandurata  (L.)  Meyer.    Wild  Potato-vine.    Man-of-the-Earth.    Win.  Cat.; 
Niles,  I.  N.  Mitchell;  Coleman  Cat.;  Lenawee  Co.,  W.  J.  B.     Infrequent.     S. 

1700.  I.  purpurea  (L.)  Roth.     Morning  Glory    Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Ypsilanti, 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  Ann  Arbor.     Escaped'from  cultivation. 

CUSCUTACE^  Dumort.    Dodder  Family. 

CUSCUTA  L. 

*1701.  C.  arvensis  Beyrich.  Field  Dodder.  Lansing,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Rochester, 
W.  S.  Cooper. 

*1702.  C.  Cephalanthi  Engelm.  Button-bush  Dodder.  C.  tenuiftora  Elgelm.  Maple 
River  Valley;  Coleman  Cat.;  on  willows  along  Cedar  River  east  of  the  College. 

1703.  C.   Coryli   Engelm.     Hazel   Dodder.   C.   inflexa  Engelm.     Port   Huron,  C.  K. 
Dodge;  Rochester  and  Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

1704.  C.  Epithymum  Murr.    Clover  Dodder.    Introduced  at  Salem,  with  alfalfa  seed. 
*1705.     C.  Gronovii  Willd.     Gronovius'  Dodder.     Low  grounds.     Frequent.    -C.  &  S. 

1706.  C    Polygonorum  Engelm.     Smart-weed    Dodder.     C.    chlorocarpa    Engel.    S. 
Haven,  Mrs.  Millington.    S.  &  W. 

POLEMONIACE^E  DC.     Phlox  Family. 

PHLOX  L. 

1707.  P.  bifida  Beck.     Cleft  Phlox.     Rare.     Shores  of  Barron  Lake;  Klinger  Lake, 
the  farthest  station  east  known  for  this  interesting  plant,  C.  F.  Wheeler.     S.  W. 

*1708.  P.  divaricata  L.  Wild  Blue  Phlox.  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon;  woods  and  fields, 
northward  to  Kingsley  and  Frankfort.  Common.  L.  P. 

1709.  P.  paniculata  L.     Garden  Phlox.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Introduced. 

1710.  P.  pilosa   L.     Downy   Phlox.     Dry,   sandy   fields,  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.   Cat.; 
Ionia  Co.;   Flint;  Macomb  Co.     Infrequent. 

1711.  P.  subulata  L.     Ground  or  Moss  Pink.     S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  shore  of  Bar- 
ron Lake,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Common  in  cultivation. 

HYDROPHYLLACE^)  Lindl.     Water-leaf  Family. 

HYDROPHYLLUM  L. 

*1712.  H.  appendiculatum  Michx.  Appendaged  Water-leaf.  Moist  hillsides  and 
rich  woods,  northward  to  Frankfort.  Frequent.  L.  P. 

*1713.  H.  Canadense  L.  Broad-leaved  Water-leaf.  Damp,  rich  woods.  Frequent. 
C.  &  S. 

*1714.     H.  Virginicum  L.    Virginia  Water-leaf.    Rich  woods.     Frequent.    C.  &  S. 

PHACELIA  Juss. 

1715.     P.  Franklinii   (R.  Br.)   A.  Gray.     Franklin's  Phacelia.     "Shores  of  L.  Supe- 
rior, especially  on  Isle  Royale,"  A.  Gray  and  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons.    U.  P. 

BORAGINACE.E  Lindl.     Borage  Family. 

CYNOGLOSSUM  L. 

*1716.     C.  officinale  L.     Common  Hound's-Tongue.     Roadsides.     Frequent.     Th. 
*1717.     C.  Virginicum  L.     Wild  Comfrey.     Open  woods,  Comins,  Oscoda  Co.;   Esca- 
naba,  where  it  replaces  C.  officinale  as  a  weed,  E.  J.  Hill.     Frequent.     Th. 

15 


114  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OP  SCIENCE. 

LAPPULA  Moench.     ECHINOSPERMUM   Sw. 

1718.  L.  Americana  (A.  Gray)  Rydberg.  Nodding  Stickseed.  EcMnospcrmum 
deflexum  America-mini  A.  Gray.  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. 

*1720.  L.  Lappula  (L.)  Karst.  Stickseed.  Echinospernmm  Lappula  Lehm.  A  worth- 
less weed  along  roadsides  and  in  waste  places.  Th. 

*1721.  L.  Virginiana  (L.)  Greene.  Virginia  Stickseed.  Ecliinbspermum  Virginicum 
'Lehm.  Woods.  Frequent.  Th. 

MERTENSIA  Roth. 

1722.  M.  paniculata  (Ait.)  G.  Don.  Tall  Lungwort.  Whitney  Cat.;  Gray;  Kewee- 
naw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  U.  P. 

1723.  M.    Virginica    (L.)    DC.      Virginia    Cowslip.     Lungwort.      Blue    Bells.     Near 
Adrian,  Mrs.  I.  H.  Wheeler;   S.  E.  of  Grand  Rapids,  G.  D.  Sones.     Rare. 

MYOSOTIS  L. 

1724.  M.  arvensis   (L.)  Lehm.     Field  Scorpion  Grass.     Lapeer,  Mrs.  M.  Owen. 

1725.  M.  laxa  Lehm.     Smaller  Forget-me-not.     Lapeer,  Mrs.  M.  Owen. 

1726.  M.  palustris  (L.)   Lam.     Escaped  from  gardens.     Port  Huron,  M.  Allenbruch. 
*1727.     M.  Virginica   (L.)    B.  S.  P.     Spring  Scorpion  Grass.     M.  verna  Nutt.    Winch. 

Cat.;  Coleman  Cat.;  Flint,  Dr.  Clark;  Ann  Arbor,  I.  N.  Mitchell;  shore  of  Park  Lake, 
Clinton  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler.     Rare.     S. 

LITHOSPERMUM  L. 

*1729.  L.  arvense  L.  Wheat-Thief.  Red-root.  Corn  Gromwell.  In  Wheat  fields. 
Introduced  from  the  old  world.  Common.  C.  &  S. 

*1730.  L.  canescens  (Michx.)  Lehm.  Puccoon  of  the  Indians.  Sandy  fields,  Ann 
Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Macomb  Co.,  and  northward.  Th. 

*1731.  L.  Gmelini  (Michx.)  Hitch.  Hairy  Puccoon.  L.  liirtum  Lehm.  Light  sand. 
Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon." 

*1732.  L.  latifolium  Michx.  American  Gromwell.  Borders  of  woods  S.  Mich.,  Winch. 
Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Bois  Blanc  and  other  islands  in  Detroit  River;  Maclagan,  Cana- 
dian Catalogue.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

1732a.  L.  linearifolium  Goldie.  Narrow-leaved  Puccoon.  L.  augustifolium  Michx., 
not  Forsk.  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons ;  "Mich.,"  Gray's  Manual';  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*1733.  L.  officinale  L.  Common  Gromwell.  Roadsides.  Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 
Infrequent.  Th. 

ONOSMODIUM  Michx. 

1734.  0.  molle  Michx.  Soft-haired  False  Grornwell.  0.  Carolinian-urn  molle  A. 
Gray.  Only  noticed  by  -Dr.  D.  Cooley,  Macomb  Co. 

SYMPHYTUM  L. 

*1735.     S.  officinale  L.     Common  Comfrey.     Escaped  from  gardens.     Infrequent. 

BORAGO  L. 

1736.  B.  officinalis  L.     A  weed  in  parts  of  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

ECHIUM  L. 

1737.  E.  vulgare  L.     Blue-weed.     Vulcan,  E.  J.  Hill;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

VERBENACEJE  J.  St.  Hil.    Vervain  Family. 

VERBENA  L. 

1738.  V.  angustifolia  Michx.     Narrow-leaved  Vervain.    Dry  grounds.     Winch.  Cat. 
S. 

1739.  V.  bracteosa  Michx.     Large-bracted  Vervain.    Waste  places.     Coleman  Cat.; 
Kalamazoo,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Roscom- 
mon  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  U5 

1740.     V.  bracteosa  x  stricta.    Near  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 
*1741.     V.  hastata  L.     Blue  Vervian.     Roadsides.     Common.     Th. 
1742.     V.  hastata  oblongifolia  Nutt.     V.  urticifolia  riparia  (Raf.)  Britton.    A  prob- 
able hybrid  between  V.  hastata  and  V.  urticifolia.     South  of  Marshall,  where  no  other 
species  were  found  excepting  the  two  last  named,  W.  J.  B.;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell 

1744.  V.  officinalis  L.     Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

1745.  V.  stricta  Vent.     Mullein-leaved  Vervain.     Grand  Rapids,  H.  C.  Skeels;  Port 
Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*174G.     V.  urticifolia  L.     White  Vervain.     Waste  places.     Common.     Th. 

1747.  V.  urticifolia  riparia   (Raf.)   Britton.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

LIPPIA  L. 

1748.  L.  lanceolata  Michx.    Fog-fruit.    Coleman  Cat,;  Niles,  I.  N.  Mitchell;  Algonac, 
W.  S.  Cooper.    S.  W. 

LABIATE  B.  Juss.     Mint  Family. 

AJUGA  L. 

*1750.     A.  reptans  L.    Bugle.    Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

TEUCRIUM  L. 

*1751.  T.  Canadense  L.  American  Germander.  Wood  Sage.  Low  grounds.  Infre- 
quent at  Black  Lake,  Cheooygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  L.  P. 

1752.  T.  menthifolium  Bickwell,  Algonac,  W  S.  Cooper;  Alma,  where  the  type  was 
collected. 

1753.  T.  occidentalis  A.  Gray.     Hairy  Germander.     Gaylord,  G.  L.  Stewart. 

SCUTELLARIA  L. 

1754.  S.  cordifolia  Muhl.     Heart-leaved   Skullcap.     S.   vcrsicolor  Nutt.     Banks  df 
streams.     S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat. 

*1755.  S.  galericulata  L.  Marsh  Skullcap.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Low  grounds.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

*1756.  S.  lateriflora  L.  Mad-dog  Skullcap.  Roscommon,  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis.  Low  grounds.  Common.  Th. 

1757.  S.   parvula   Michx.     Small   Skullcap.     Ionia,   E.   F.   Smith;     islands   east  of 
Georgian  Bay,  Bell,  Can.  Cat.     Infrequent. 

1758.  S.  pilosa  Michx.     Hairy  Skullcap.     S.  W.,  Winch.  Cat.;   Gray's  Manual,  6th 
edition. 

MARRUBIUM  L. 

"""1759.  M.  vulgare  L.  Common  Horehound.  Roadsides,  escaped  from  cultivation. 
Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Port  Austin;  Grand  Traverse  and  Benzie 
Counties.  Frequent. 

AGASTACHE  Clayt.     LOPIIANTHUS  Benth. 

*1760.  A.  nepetoides  (L.)  Kuntze.  Catnep  Giant-Hyssop.  Lophanthus  nepetoides 
Benth.  Low  grounds.  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  S.  W.,  Wright  Cat.;  Grosse  Isle,  Miss  Clark. 
C.  &  S.  Infrequent. 

1761.  A.  scrophulariaefolia  (Willd.)  Kuntze.  Figwort.  Giant-Hyssop.  Lophanthus 
scrophularaefolius  Benth.  Low  grounds.  .  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Lenawee  Co.,  G.  F. 
Comstock;  Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

NEPETA  L. 

*1762.     N.  Cataria  L.     Catnep.     Near  dwellings.     Common.     Th. 
GLECOMA  L.    NEPETA  L.,  in  part. 

*1763.  G.  hederacea  L.  Gill-over-the-Ground.  Nepeta  Glechoma  Benth.  Sparingly 
escaped  from  culture.  Flint;  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman  Cat.;  Cassopolis;  Alma;  Ann 
Arbor.  C.  &  S. 


116  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

DRACOCEPHALUM  L. 

1764.  D.   parviflorum   Nutt.     American  Dragon-head.     This   interesting  plant  was 
first  detected  in  the  Lower  Peninsula  in  June,  1878,  when  it  was  found  in  Roscom- 
mon  Co.,  south  of  Houghton  Lake. .  Alcona  Co. ;  Hubbardston,  Ionia  Co. ;   S.  W.,  H.  S. 
Pepoon.    Rare  southward. 

PRUNELLA  L.     BBUNELLA. 

1765.  P.  vulgaris  L.    Common  Self-heal  or  Heal-all.    Brunella  vulgaris  L.    "Bru- 
nella"  is   nofe  the   correct  name.     Fields.     Occasionally   the   flowers   are   white.     Com- 
mon.    Th. 

PHYSOSTEGIA  Benth. 

1766.  P.  Virginiana  (L.)»Benth.     Wet  grounds;  varies  greatly.    Ann  Arbor,  Winch. 
Cat.;    S.  W.,   Wright  Cat.;    Alma;    Muir;   Kalamazoo,  L.  H.  Bailey;    Flint,  Dr.  Clark, 
northward  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

GALEOPSIS  L. 

1767.  G.   Ladanum  L.     Red  Hemp-Nettle.     Ft.   Gratiot  and   Sault  de   Ste.  Marie, 
Winch.  Cat. 

1768.  G.  Tetrahit  L.     Common  Hemp-Nettle.     Rare  in  C.  of  the  State.     Abundant 
at  Mackinac,   Winch.   Cat.;    Cheboygan   Co.,   B.   &   K.;   Alma;    Harbor   Springs,   C.   F. 
Wheeler.     Th. 

LEOJNTURUS  L. 

*1769.     L.  Cardiaca  L.     Common  Motherwort.     Waste  grounds.     Common. 

LAMIUM   L. 

*1770.  L.  amplexicaule  L.  Dead  Nettle.  Naturalized  in  gardens.  In  fields  west  of 
Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

1771.  L.  macula  turn  L.     Escaped  from  cultivation.    St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

STACHYS  L. 

1772.  S.  aspera  Michx.    Rough  Hedge  Nettle.    Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.    Wet 
grounds.     Infrequent.     L.  P. 

*1773.     S.  aspera  glabra  Gray.    Rare. 

1774.  S.   hyssopifolia   Michx.     Hyssop    Hedge    Nettle.     Wet    grounds.     S.    Mich., 
Wright  Cat.;    Stanton,  E.  J.  Quackenbush.     Rare.     Th. 

1775.  S.  palustris  L.     Hedge  Nettle.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

MONARDA  L. 

1776.  M.  didyma  L.     Bee-Balm.     Oswego  Tea.     Rare  in  Michigan.     Barron  Lake, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Flint,  Dr.  Clark;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge.     S.  W. 

*1777.     M.  fistulosa  L.     Wild  Bergamot.     Sandy  soil.     Common.     Th. 

1778.  M.  media  Willd.     Purple  Bergamot.     Near  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1779.  M.  mollis  L.     Pale  Wild  Bergamot.     M.  scabra  Beck.     Port  Huron,  C:  K. 
Dodge;  Ypsilanti,  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1780.  M.  punctata  L.     Horse-Mint.     Sandy  soil.     S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  S.  Haven, 
L.  H.  Bailey;  Grand  Haven,  G.  D.  Sones.     Infrequent.     S. 

BLEPHILIA  Raf. 

*1781.  B.  ciliata  (L.)  Raf.  Dry  ground.  Ionia  Co.;  Ann  Arbor,  and  Sault  de  Ste. 
Marie.  Winch.  Cat.  Scarce.  Th. 

*1782.  B.  hirsuta  (Pursh.)  Torr.  Hairy  Blephilia.  '  Low  woods.  S.  Mich.,  Wright 
Cat.;  Alma;  Ionia  Co.  C.  &  S. 

HEDEOMA  Pers. 

1783.     H.  hispida  Pursh.    Rochester,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1784.  H.  pulegioides  (L.)  Pers.  American  Pennyroyal.  Fields.  Hubbardston; 
Rochester;  S.  Mich..  Wright  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Lenawe'e  Co.,  W.  J.  B.  C.  &  S. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN   FLORA.  117 

SATUREIA  L. 

1785.  S.  hortensis  L.     Summer  Savory.     St.  Glair  Co.  near  Capac,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

CLINOPODIUM  L.     CALAMIXTHA  Moench. 

1786.  C.   glabrum    (Nutt.)    Kuntze.     Low  Calamint.     Calamintha  Nuttallii  Benth. 
Drummond's   Island,   and   northward,   common.     Not   seen  in  C.   of  the   State;    S.   E., 
Wright  Cat. 

*1787.     C.  vulgare  L.     White  Basil.     Calamintha,  Clinopodium  Benth.     Fields.    Ionia 
Co.;  Fort  Gratiot,  Winch.  Cat.,  and  northward  to  Lake  Superior.     Th. 

HYSSOPUS  L. 

1788.     H.  officinalis  L.     Escaped  from  gardens.     Flint;  S.  W.,  Winch.  Cat. 
KOELLIA  Moench.    PYCNANTHEMUM  Michx. 

*1789.    K.  flexuosa  (Walt.)   MacM.     Narrow-leaved  Mountain-Mint.     Pycnantliemum 
linifolium  Pursh.     Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

1790.  K.   Virginiana    (L.)    MacM.     Virginia   Mountain-Mint.     Pycnanihevnum   Ian- 
ceolantum  Pursh.    Low  grounds.     Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon, 
and  southward.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

THYMUS  L. 

1791.  T.  Serpyllum  L.    Creeping  Thyme.    Flint,  Coleman  Cat.    Rarely  escaped  from 
gardens. 

*1792.     T.  vulgaris  L.     Common  Thyme.     College  grounds. 

LYCOPUS  L. 

*1793.     L.  Americanus  Muhl.     Cut-leaved  Water  Hoarhound.     L.  sinuatus  Ell.    Fre- 
quent. 

1793a.     L.  communis  Bicknell.     Bugle- weed.     Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.    Low 
grounds.     Common  L.  P. 

1794.  L.  lucidus  Turcz.    Western  Water  Hoarhound.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 
1794a.     L.  Macrophyllus  Benth.    Thin-leaved  Bugle-weed.    L.  membranacea  Bicknell. 

Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  Farwell. 

1794b.  L.  membranaceus  Bicknell.      Thin-leaved  Bugle-weed.    "Mich."  Britton's  Man- 
ual. 

1795.  L.  rubellus  Moench.     Water  Hoarhound.     Clinton  Co.,  E.  F.  Smith;  St.  Clair 
Co.,  Brotherton;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

MENTHA  L. 

1797.  M.  arvensis  L.     Corn  Mint.     Algonac,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*1798.  M.  Canadensis  L.     Wild  Mint.     Low  grounds.     Common.     Th. 

1799.  M.  Canadensis  glabrata  Benth.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1800.  M.  citrata  Ehrh.     Bergamot  Mint.     Algonac,  Walpole  Island,  C.  K.  Dodge. 
*1801.  M.  piperita  L.     Peppermint.     Along  streams.     Extensively  cultivated  in  St. 

Joseph  and  Wayne  Counties  for  the  oil.     Common.     Th.  • 

1802.     M.  sativa  L.     Marsh  Whorled  Mint.     Sturgis,  F.  PT-  Daniels. 
*1803.     M.   spicata  L.     Spearmint.     M.  viridls  L.     Roadsides.     Escaped  from  culti- 
vation.    Frequent. 

COLLINSQNIA  L. 

*1804.     C.   Canadensis  L.     Stone-root.     Rich-weed.     Rich  woods.     Ionia  Co.;   Flint; 
Detroit;  Ann  Arbor,  and  S.  W.,  Winch.  Cat.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

SOLANACE.E  Pers.     Potato  Family. 
PHYSALODES  Boehm.     NICANDRA  Adans. 

*1805.     P.   physalodes    (L.)    Britton.     Apple-of-Peru.     Nicandra   physalodes   Gaertn. 
Gardens.     Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Flint;  Ionia  Co.;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell.     Scarce. 


118  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

PHYSALIS  L. 

1800.     P.   heterophylla   Nees.     Ground-Cherry.     Detroit  and  Orion,   O.   A.  Farwellj 
S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

1807.  P.  heterophylla  ambigua  (A.  Gray)  Rydberg.  P.  Virginiana  amUgna  A.  Gray. 
Belle  Isle  and  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1  1808.     P.  heterophylla  nyctaginea  (Dunal.)  Rydberg.    Howard  City,  W.  J.  B.;  Barren 
Lake,  Ronald,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1809.     P.  ixocarpa  Brot.     Tomatillo.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 
*1810.     P.   lanceolata  Michx.    Prairie  Ground- Cherry.     Sandy    soil.     S.    W.,    H.    S. 
Pepoon;  Ionia  Co.;  Alma.    Frequent.     Th. 

1811.  P.   Philadelphia   Lam.     Philadelphia   Ground- Cherry.     Muskegon,   C.   D.  Mc- 
Louth;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1812.  P.  pubescens  L.     Low  Hairy  Ground-Cherry.     Naturalized  in  West  Bay  City, 
G.  M.  Bradford. 

*1813.     P    Virginiana  Mill.    Virginia  Ground-Cherry.    Light,  sandy  soil.    Common.  Th. 

1814.  P.  Virginiana  vulgaris  Rydb.     Grand  Rapids,  H.  C.  Skeels;  Muskegon,  W.  J. 
B.;  White  Cloud,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

LEUCOPHYSALIS  Rydberg. 

1815.  L.     grandiflora     (Hook.)     Rydberg.     Large     White-flowered     Ground- Cherry. 
Physalis   grandiflora   Hook.     "Clearings."     First   collected   in   L.   P.   near    Farwell,  in 
June,  1876,  where  it  seemed  to  be  at  home.     Near  the  mouth  of  the  Au  Sable  River, 
losco  Co.,  June,  1878,  C.  B.  Cochran;   "S.  shore  of  L.  Superior,"  A.  Gray;   Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Escanaba,  E.  J.  Hill;  Indian  River,  C.  F  Wheeler.     N.  &  U.  P. 

SOLANUM  L. 

*1816.  S.  Carolinense  L.  Horse-Nettle.  Introduced  from  the  southwest;  Port  Huron, 
C.  K.  Dodge. 

*1817.  S.  Dulcamara  L.  Bittersweet.  Nightshade.  Becoming  common,  especially  in 
low  land  and  swamps.  C.  &  S. 

*1818.     S.  nigrum  L.     Black  Nightshade.     Moist,  cultivated  fields.     Common.    C.  &  S. 

*1819.     S.   rostratum  Dunal.     Beaked  Nightshade.     Introduced  from   the  southwest. 

LYCIUM  L. 

*1820.  L.  vulgare  (Ait.  f.)  Dunal.  Matrimony  Vine.  Escaped  from  gardens  in 
places. 

HYOSCYAMUS  L. 

1821.  H.  niger  L.    Black  Henbane.    Macomb  Co.;  Ft.  Gratiot;  Mackinac,  abundant, 
Winch.  Cat. 

DATURA  L. 

1822.  D.  Metel  L.     Ypsilanti  and  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Waste  grounds.    Rare. 
*1823.     D.  Stramonium  L.     Common     Stramonium,     or     Thorn-Apple.     Alma,     Ann 

Arbor j  C.  A.  Davis;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge.    Roadsides.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

*1824.  D.  Tatula  L.  Purple  Thorn-Apple.  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S. 
Pepoon;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  C.  &  S. 

NICOTIANA  L. 

1825.  N.  rustica  L.     Wild  Tobacco.     Emmet  Co.,  cultivated  by  the  Indians,  Winch. 
Cat. 

PETUNIA  Juss. 

>- 

1826.  P.  axillaris  (Lam.)  B.  S.  P.     White  Petunia.     Waste  places.     Ypsilanti  and 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  119 

SCROPHULARIACE^E  Lindl,     Figwort  Family. 
VERBASCUM  L. 

*1827.  V.  Blattaria  L.  Motii  Mullein.  Roadsides.  S.  Mich.;  Ionia  Co.;  Detroit; 
Sturgis,  F.  ±».  Daniels;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*1828.  V.  Thapsus  L.  Common  Mullein.  Fields  and  roadsides  everywhere,  a  com- 
mon weed.  Cultivated  in  England  under  the  name  of  Aaron's  Rod.  Th. 

CYMBALARIA  Medic. 

1829.     C.   Cymbalaria    (L.)    Wettst.     Kenilworth  Ivy.     Lake  shore  at   Elk  Rapids, 
W.  S.  Cooper. 

LINARIA  Hill. 

*1830.  L.  Canadensis  (L.)  Dumont.  Wild  Toad-Flax.  S.  shore  of  Saginaw  Bay, 
Winch.  Cat.;  barrens  in  Clare  Co.  Infrequent  or  wanting  in  C.  and  S.  Mich.  Grand 
Rapids,  G.  D.  Sones;  Ann  Arbor,  Grass  Lake,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*1831.  L.  Linaria  (L.)  Karst.  Butter-and-Eggs.  L.  Bulgaria  Mill.  Alma,  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Roadsides.  Spreading  from  cultivation. 

CHAENORRHINUM  Reichb.     LINARIA  Hill.,  in  part. 

1832.  C.  minus,  (L.)  Lange.    Linaria  minor  L.     St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Detroit, 
O.  A.  Farwell. 

SCROPHULARIA  L. 

1833.  S.  leporella  Bicknell.    Hare  Figwort.    Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Island  Lake, 
Vestaburg,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*1834.  S.  Marilandica  L.  Maryland  Figwort.  S.  nodosa  Marylandica  A.  Gray.  Rich 
soil.  Keweenaw  Co.,  Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis,  and 
southward.  Frequent.  Th. 

CHELONE  L, 

*1835.  C.  glabra  L.  Snake-head.  Borders  of  streams.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis.  Frequent.  Th. 

PENTSTEMON   Soland. 

1836.  P.  canescens  Britton.     Beard-tongue.     P.  laevigatus  canescens  Britton.     De- 
troit, O.  A.  Farwell. 

1837.  P.  Digitalis    (Sweet)   Nutt.     P,  laevigatus  Digitalis  A.  Gray.     Near  Adrian, 
Mrs.  I.  H.  Wheeler. 

*1838.  P.  hirsutus  (L.)  Willd.  Hairy  Beard-tongue.  P.  pubescens  Solander.  Dry 
soil.  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  to  Mackinac,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Alma.  Common.  Th. 

1839.  P.   Pentstemon    (L.)    Britton.     Smooth  Beard-tongue.     P.   laevigatus  Soland. 
Grand  Rapids,  Mrs.  A.  J.  Peters. 

COLLINSIA  Nutt. 

1840.  C.  parviflora  Dougl.     Small-flowered  Collinsia.     "Shady,  moist  ground,  Upper 
Michigan,"  Gray,  Fl.  N.  A.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1841.  C.  verna  Nutt.  Blue-eyed  Mary.  A  beautiful  little  fall  annual  with  blue  and 
white  flowers.  Moist  woods.  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  S.  W.,  Wright's  Cat.;  Ionia 
Co.,  and  probably  reaches  its  N.  limits  in  Gratiot  Co.  C.  &  S. 

MIMULUS  L. 

1842.  M.    alatus    Soland.      Sharp-winged    Monkey-flower.      Sturgis,    F.    P.    Daniels, 
S.  W. 

1843.  M.  Jamesii  T.  &  G.     James'  Mimulus.     Abundant  at  Mackinac,  Winch.  Cat.; 
"Upper  Michigan,"  A.  Gray;   Petoskey;  Hubbardston,  Wheeler;  Grayling,  G.  H.  Hicks; 
Comstock,  Kalamazoo  Co.,  Tuthill;  rare  southward;   near  Millers,  Ind.,  Flora  of  Cook 
Co.,  Illinois.     Th. 

1844.  M.  moschatus  Dougl.    Musk-flower.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*1845.     M.  ringens  L.     Monkey-flower.     Wet  places.     Common.     Th. 


120  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

GRATIOLA  L. 

1846.  G.  Virginiana  L.     Clammy  Hedge-Hyssop.     S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Keweenaw 
PL,  Dr.  Bobbins.     Kare. 

ILYSANTHES  Raf. 

1847.  I.  attenuata  (Muhl.)  Small.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 
*184S.     I.    dubia    (L.)    Barnhart.     I.   gratioloides    (L.)    Benth.     Long-stalked   False 

Pimpernel.     Near  Algonac,  J.  W.  Stacey.     Low  grounds.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

LIMOSELLA  L. 

1849.  L.  tenuifolia  Hoffm.     Narrow-leaved  Mudwort.     L.  aquatica  tenuifolia  Hoff- 
mann.   U.  P.,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons. 

SYNTH YRIS  Benth.    WULFENIA  Greene  not  Jacq. 

1850.  S.  Bullii  (Eaton)  Barnhart.    Wulfenia  Houghtomana  (Benth).    Greene.    Oak 
barrens.     S.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.,  three  miles  S.  of  Saranac,  probably  reaches 
here  its  N.  limits;  Barry  Co.,  L.  H.  Bailey;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels.    Rare. 

VERONICA  L. 

*1851.     V.   agrestis   L.     Field   Speedwell.     Sandy   fields.     Coleman   Cat.;    and   Flint. 
Rare. 

*1852.     V.  Americana  Schweinitz.     American  Brooklime.     Brooks.     Common.     Th. 

*1853.     V.  Anagallis-aquatica  L.    Water  Speedwell.   In  springs  and  brooks.  Frequent. 
Th. 

*1854.     V.  arvensis  L.     Corn  Speedwell.     Cultivated  and  waste  grounds.     Common. 
Th. 

1855.     V.  Byzantina  (Sibth.  &  Smith)  B.  S.  P.    Buxbaum's  Speedwell.    7.  Buxbaumii 
Tenore.    Waste  grounds,  Coleman  Cat.    Corunna,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*1856.     V.  Chamaedrys  L.     Germander  Speedwell.     Escaped  from  cultivation.     Port 
Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

1857.     V.  officinalis  L.     Common  Speedwell.     Dry  hills.     Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.; 
Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.     Scarce.     S. 

*1858.     V.  peregrina  L.    Neckweed.    Purslane  Speedwell.    Moist  grounds  everywhere. 
Common.     Th. 

*1859.     V.  scutellata  L.    Marsh  Speedwell.     Swamps.     Frequent.     Th. 

*1860.     V.  serpyllifolia  L.     Thyme-leaved 'Speedwell.     Open  grounds.     Frequent.    Th. 

LEPTANDRA  Nutt. 

*1861.    L.  Virginica   (L.)   Nutt.     Culver's -root.     Veronica  Virginica  L.     Open  woods. 
Common.     Th. 

BUCHNERA  L. 

1862.     B.  Americana  L.     Blue-Hearts.     Moist  sandy  ground.     S.  W.  Wright  Cat.; 
Flint;  Macomb  Co.,  Coleman  Cat.     Infrequent.     C.  &  S. 

DASYSTOMA  Raf.     GERARDIA  L.,  in  part. 

*1863.    D.   flava    (L.)    Wood.     Downy   False    Fox  glove.     Gerardia   flava  L.     Open 
woods.    Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

1864.    D.  laevigata  Raf.     Entire-leaved  False  Fox  glove.     Gerardia  laevigata  Raf. 
Coleman's  Cat.;   Flint;  Dr.  Lyons.     S. 

*1865.    D.    Pedicularia    (L.)    Benth.     Fern-leaved   Fox  glove.     Gerardia   pedicularia 
L.     Woods.    Frequent.     L.  P. 

*1866.    D.   Virginica    (L.)    Britton.     Smooth   False  Fox  glove.     Gerardia  quwcifolia 
Pursh.     Oak  woods.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

GERARDIA  L. 

1867.  G.  aspera  Doiigl.     Rough  Purple  Gerardia.     "Plains  and  prairies,  Mich.,"  A. 
Gray's  Manual. 

1868.  G.  auriculata  Michx.     Auricled  Gerardia.     Wright  Cat.    Rare.     S. 

*1869.     G.  paupercula    (A.    Gray)    Britton.      Small-flowered   Gerardia.      G.   purpurea 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  121 

pauperoula  A.  (?ray.     Oakland  Co.;   shore  of  Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler: 
St.  Clair  Co.,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

1870.  G.   purpurea    L.     Purple   Gerardia.     Moist,    sandy   ground,   near   the    Great 
Lakes;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Orion,  O.  A.  Farwell.     L.  P. 

1871.  G.  tenuifolia  Vahl.     Slender  Gerardia.    Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.,  Macomb  Co. 
Rare. 

*1872.  G.  tenuifolia  asperula  A.  Gray.  Lena  wee  Co.,  G.  F.  Comstock;  Flint;  Dr. 
Clark. 

CASTILLEJA  Mutis. 

*1873.  C.  acuminata  (Pursh.)  Spreng.  Lance-leaved  Painted  Cup.  C.  pallida 
septentrionalis  A.  Gray.  Lake  Superior,  A.  Gray;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  U.  P. 

*1874.  C.  coccinea  (L.)  Spreng.  Scarlet  Painted  Cup.  Wet  and  dry  grounds. 
Varies  in  color  of  bracts  from  scarlet  to  yellow.  Common.  Th. 

EUPHRASIA  L. 

1875.     E.   Canadensis  Townsend.     Reported  along  Lake    Superior   as  E.  officinalis 
Tartarica. 

PEDICULARIS  L. 

*1876.  P.  Canadensis  L.  Common  Lousewort.  Wood  Betony.  Moist  banks  and 
woodlands.  Common.  Th. 

*1877.     P.  lanceolata  Michx.     Swamp  Lousewort.     Swamps.     Frequent.     Th. 

RHINANTHUS  L. 

1878.  R.  Crista-Galli  L.     Yellow-Rattle.     "Lake  Superior,"  A.  Gray.    U.  P. 

MELAMPYRUM  L. 

1879.  M.  latifolium  Muhl.     Broad-leaved  Cow-Wheat.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Far- 
well;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*1880.  M.  lineare  Lam.  Narrow-leaved  Cow-Wheat.  M.  Americanum  Michx.  Sandy 
woods.  A  form  with  broad,  spear-shaped  leaves  is  frequent.  Common.  Th. 

LENTIBULARIACE^E  Lindl.     Bladderwort  Family. 
UTRICULARIA  L. 

*1881".  U.  cornuta  Michx.  Horned  Bladderwort.  Shore  of  Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co.; 
Point  Sable,  Mason  Co.,  C.  E.  St.  John;  Petoskey;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

*1882.  U.  gibba  L.  Humped  Bladderwort.  Old  Mission,  Grand  Traverse  Co.,  E.  J. 
Hill;  shore  of  Park  Lake,  Clinton  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Lenawee  Co.,  G.  F.  Comstock; 
Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels.  Rare.  L.  P. 

1883.  U.  intermedia  Hayne.    Flat-leaved  Bladderwort.    Shallow  water.    Ann  Arbor, 
Winch.  Cat.;  Macomb  Co.;  Grand  Rapids,  Sones;  northward  to  Black  Lake,  Cheboygan 
Co.,  B.  &  K.,  and  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma.     Infrequent.     Th. 

1884.  U.  minor  L.     Smaller  Bladderwort.     Shallow  water.     Detroit  River,  D.  H. 
Campbell;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Hillsdale,  University  Herb;  Hubbardston;   Mont- 
calm  Co.;  northward.    Rare. 

*1885.  U.  purpurea  Walt.  Purple  Bladderwort.  Hamlin  Lake,  JL  T.  Blodgett; 
Marshall,  W.  J.  B.;  Pine  Lake,  Ingham  Co.,  Grass  Lake,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ann  Arbor, 
C.  A.  Davis. 

*1886.  U.  resupinata  B.  D.  Greene.  Reversed  Bladderwort.  Very  abundant  on  the 
east  shore  of  Woodward  Lake,  in  Ionia  Co.,  E.  F.  Smith;  shore  of  Pine  Lake,  Ingham 
Co.,  also  reported  from  Whitings,  Ind.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*1887.  U.  vulgaris  L.  Greater  Bladderwort.  Slow  streams.  Throat  of  corolla- 
orange,  veined  with  brown-purple.  Frequent.  Th. 

PINGUICULA  L. 

1888.     P.  vulgaris  L.     Butterwort.     Wet  rocks.     Whitney's  Catalogue;  Isle  Royale, 
Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Pictured  Rocks,  abundant,  G.  H.  Hicks.    U.  P. 
16 


122  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

OROBANCHACE^  Lindl.     Broom-rape  Family. 

THALESIA  Raf.     APHYLLON  A.  Gray. 

1889.  T.  fasciculata   (Nutt.)   Britton.     Yellow  Cancer-root.     Apliyllon  fasciculatum 
A.  Gray.     "Sandy  ground,  Lake  Michigan,"  A.  Gray;   sand  dunes,  Frankfort. 

1890.  T.  uniflora  (L.)  Britton.    Pale  Broom-rape.    Cancer-root.    Aphyllon  uniflorum 
Torr.  &  Gray.    Damp  woodlands,  S.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor,  G.  D.  Sones;  Flint; 
Grayling,  G.  H.  Hicks;  Lake  Superior,  Winch.  Cat.     Infrequent.     Th. 

CONOPHOLIS  Wallr. 

1891.  C.  Americana   (L.  f.)  Wallr.     Squaw-root.     Moist  woods,  Ann  Arbor;   S.  W. 
H.  S.  Pepoon;  S.  Mich.  Wright  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Alma;  Macomb  Co.,  northward 
to  Keweenaw  Co.,  F.    Infrequent. 

LEPTAMNIUM  Raf.     EPIFAGUS  Nutt. 

1892.  L.  Virginianum  (L.)  Raf.  Beech-drops.  Epifagus  Virginiana  Nutt.  Beech 
woods,  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.  Very  common  in  Grand- Saginaw  Valley. 

BIGNONIACE^:  Pers.    Trumpet-creeper  Family. 

CATALPA  Scop. 

1893.  C.  speciosa  Warder.     Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels.     Probably  introduced  from  the 
south. 

ACANTHACEJE  J.  St.  Hil.     Acanthus  Family. 

RUELLIA  L. 

1894.  R.  cilosa  Pursh.     Hairy  Ruellia.     Dry  grounds.     Wright  Cat.    Detroit,  O.  A. 
Farwell.     S. 

1895.  R.  strepens  L.    Smooth  Ruellia.    Dry  soil.    Wright  Cat.    S. 

DIANTHERA  L. 

1896.  D.   Americana    L.     Dense-flowered  Water-willow.     In    shallow   water.     Ann 
Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Put-in-Bay;  S.  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey.    S. 

PHRYMACE^E  Schauer.    Lopseed  Family. 

PHRYMA  L. 

*1897.  P.  Leptostachya  L.  Lopseed.  Moist  woods.  Pt.  au  Chene,  Winch.  Cat.; 
Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Wright  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Turin,  Marquette  Co.,  B.  Barlow;  Man- 
istee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  C.  &  S. 

PLANTAGINACE^E  Lindl.    Plantain  Family. 

PLANTAGO  L. 

1898.  P.  aristata  Michx.  Large -bracted  Plantain.  Introduced  with  clover  seed. 
Huron  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*1899.  P.  cordata  Lam.  Heart-leaved  Plantain.  Borders  of  streams.v  S.  Mich., 
Wright  Cat.;  Tuscola  Co.,  Winch.  Cat.;  Ionia  Co.;  Clinton  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co. 
Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

*1900.  P.  lanceolata  L.  Ripplegrass.  Ribgrass.  English  Plantain.  Buck-horn. 
Meadows  and  fields.  Too  common.  The  seeds  are  often  mixed  with  clover  seed.  Th. 

*1901.  P.  major  L.  Common  Plantain.  Waysides  and  about  dwellings  everywhere. 
Common.  Th. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  123 

1902.  P.  media  L.     Hoary  Plantain.     Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

1903.  P.  Purshii  R.  &  S.     S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

*1904.  P.  Rugelii  Dec.  Rugel's  Plantain.  Waste  places.  Often  confounded  with 
P.  major.  Frequent. 

1905.     P.  Virginica  L.  .White  Dwarf  Plantain.     Algonac,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

RUBIACEJE  B.  Juss,    Madder  Family. 

HOUSTONIA  L. 

190C.     H.  coerulea  L.     Bluets.     Innocence.     Keweenaw  Point,  Dr.  Bobbins. 

1907.  H.  ciliolata  Torr.     Fringed  Houstonia.     H.  purpurea  clliolata  A.  Gray.     Dr. 
Wright.     Three  Rivers,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1908.  H.    longifolia    Gaertn.     Long-leaved   Houstonia.     H.    purpurea,   longifolia  A. 
Gray.     Hastings,  L.  H.  Bailey;   Ionia,  common;   Clare  Co.,  abundant  to  L.  Sup.,  Can. 
Cat.;    Vestaburg,  Grass   Lake,   Ann  Arbor,   C.  A.  Davis.      Th. 

CEPHALANTHUS  L. 

*1909.  C.  occidentalis  L.  Button-bush.  Swamps  and  flooded  river  bottoms.  Com- 
mon, Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.  Very  common  southward.  L.  P. 

MITCHELLA  L. 

*1910.  M.  repens  L.  Partridge-berry.  Prefers  beech  and  maple,  hemlock,  or  pine 
woods,  and  is  seldom  found  under  oaks.  Common.  Th. 

GALIUM  L. 

*1911.     G.  Aparine  L.  Cleavers.     Goose  grass.     Common.     Th. 

*1912.     G.  asprellum  Michx.     Rough   Bedstraw.     Frequent.     Th. 

*1913.     G.  boreale  L.    Northern  Bedstraw.    Very  common.    Th. 

*1914.  G.  circaezans  Michx.  Wild  Liquorice.  Dry  woods,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. 
Frequent  southward.  L.  P.  » 

1915.  G.  Claytoni  Michx.  Clayton's  Bedstraw.  Muskegon,  C.  D.  McLouth;  St. 
Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1916.  G.  concinnum  Torr.  &  Gray.  Shining  Bedstraw.  Flint;  Ann  Arbor,  All.  Cat.; 
Grand  Ledge.  Rare.  C.  &.  S. 

*1917.  G.  lanceolatum  Torr.  Wild  Liquorice.  Riverdale,  Gratiot  Co.;  Hubbardston; 
Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  and  S.  Mich.  Wr.  Cat.;  also  L.  Superior,  Whitney;  Alma,  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Th. 

*1918.     G*.  latifolium  Michx.     Purple  Bedstraw.    Infrequent.    C.  &  S. 
1919.     G.  Mollugo  L.    Wild  Madder.    Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*1920.  G.  pilosum  Ait.  Hairy  Bedstraw.  Frequent  as  far  north  as  Grand-Saginaw 
Valley.  C.  &  S. 

1921.  G.  tinctorium  L.  Marshes,  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A. 
Farwell. 

*1922.     G.  trifidum  L.     Small  Bedstraw.     Bogs.     Common.     Th. 

*1923.  G.  triflonim  Michx.  Sweet-scented  Bedstraw.  Frequent  in  C.  &  S.,  and  very 
abundant  northward.  Th. 

CAPRIFOLIACE^:  Vent.     Honeysuckle  Family. 

SAMBUCUS  L. 

*1924.     S.  Canadensis  L.     Common  Elder.     Follows  settlements.     Common. 
*1925.     S.  pubens  Michx.    Red-berried  Elder.     8.  racemosa  HK.    More  northern  in  its 
range  than  the  last.     Variety  with  dissected  leaves  seen  in  Clare  Co.     Th. 

VIBURNUM  L. 

*1926.  V.  acerifolium  L.  Arrow-wood.  Dockmackie.  Frequent  in  Cheboygan  Co., 
B.  &  K.;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

1927.  V.  alnifolium  Marsh.  Hobble-bush.  American  Wayfaring-tree.  V.  lant- 
anoides  Michx.  Whitney  found  none  of  the  sp.  abundant  in  the  U.  P. 


124  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

*1928.  V.  cassinoides  L.  Withe-rod.  Macomb  Co.;  Hubbardston;  Stanton;  River- 
dale;  Gratiot  Co.;  Houghton  Lake;  to  L.  Superior.  Commonest  sp.  about  Black  Lake, 

B.  &  K.     Frequent.     Th. 

1929.     V.  dentatum  L.    Arrow- wood.     Sarnia,  Ont.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*1930.  V.  Lentago  L.  Sweet  Viburnum.  Sheep-berry.  Frequent.  C.  &  S.,  and 
northward.  Cheboygan  Co.;  Alma.  Th. 

*1931.  V.  Opulus  L.  Cranberry -tree.  Swamps  and  borders  of  streams.  Common. 
Th. 

1932.  V.  pauciflorum   Pylaie.     Few-flowered    Cranberry-tree.     Dr.    Lyons.     Gray's 
Manual.    Rare.    U.  P. 

1933.  V.  prunifolium  L.   Black  Haw.    Dr.  Lyons;  Kalamazoo,  Tu thill;  Barron  Lake, 
Cass  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Rare.     S. 

*1934.     V.   pubescens    (Ait.)    Pursh.     Downey   Arrow-root.     Common.     Th. 

TRIOSTEUM  L. 

1934a.  T.  aurantiacum  Bicknell.     Birmingham,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*1935.  T.  perfoliatum  L.  Horse-Gentian.  Clinton  Co.;  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb 
Co.;  Black  River,  Cheboygan  Co.,  one  plant  seen  by  B.  &  K.  Frequent  southward.  L.  P. 

LINNAEA  L. 

*193t>.  L.  Americana  Forbes.  Twin-flower.  L.  borealis  Michx.,  not  L.  Very  abun- 
dant in  N.  &  U.  P. ;  south  to  Grand  River  Valley,  and  S.  E.  to  Macomb  Co. ;  Port  Huron, 

C.  K.  Dodge.    C.  N.  &  U.  P. 

SYMPHORICARPOS  Juss. 

1937.  S.*  occidentalis  Hook.     Wolf  berry.     Ft.  Gratiot,  Austin;   N.  Mich.,  A.  Gray; 
Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge.    Rare.    C.  N.  &  U.  P. 

1938.  S.  pauciflorus  (Robbins)  Britton.    Low  Snowberry.    8.  racemosus  pauciflorus 
Robbins.     Harbor  Springs;   Keweenaw  Co.,  Dr.  Robbins;   Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1939.  S.    racemosus   Michx.      Snowberry.     Along   the    Great   Lakes,    Saginaw   Bay 
and  Alpena  Co.,  Winchell;  L.  Sup.,  Can.  Cat.    C.  N.  &  U.  P. 

1940.  S.  Symphoricarpos    (L.)    MacM.     Coral-berry.     Indian   Currant.     8.  vulgarfe 
Michx.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwelf. 

LONICERA  L. 

1941.  L.    Caprifolium    L.     Perfoliate    Honeysuckle.     L.    grata  Alton.     Dr.    Lyons. 
Gray's  Manual. 

*1942.     L.  ciliata  Muhl.     Fly-Honeysuckle.     Frequent.     Th. 

1943.     L.  coerulea  L.     Mountain  Fly-Honeysuckle.     Dr.  Lyons.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0. 
A.  Farwell ;  Clifton,  F.  E.  Wood,  in  University  Herb. 

*1944.  L.  dioica  L.  Glaucous  Honeysuckle.  L.  glauca  Hill.  Ionia;  Montcalm  Co.; 
Ann  Arbor,  All.  Cat.  Swamps  or  dry  soil.  Common.  Th. 

*1945.  L.  glaucescens  Ryd.  Douglas'  Honeysuckle.  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*1946.  L.  hirsuta  Eaton.  Hairy  Honeysuckle.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent  north- 
ward. C.  N.  &  U.  P. 

1947.  L.  involucrata  (Richards.)  Banks.  Mainland  and  Isle  Royale;  Keweenaw 
Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis. 

*1948.  L.  Japonica  Thunb.  Japanese  Honeysuckle.  Lansing;  Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Far^ 
well. 

*1949.  L.  oblongifolia  (Goldie)  Hook.  Swamp  F.  Ho  well  Junction,  C.  F.  Wheeler; 
Macomb  Co.;  Stanton;  Edmore;  Isabella  Co.,  Roseommon;  Alma.  More  frequent  in 
N.  and  U.  P.  Rare  in  S.  Th. 

1950.     L.  Sullivantii  A.  Gray.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  * 

*1951.  L.  Tatarica  L.  Tartarian  Honeysuckle.  Escaped  from  cultivation,  Lansing; 
Detroit;  Port  Huron;  Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

1952.     L.  Xylosteum  L.    Escaped  from  cultivation.    Detroit.    O.  A.  Farwell. 

DIERVILLA  Moench. 

*1953.  D.  Diervilla  (L.)  MacM.  Bush  Honeysuckle.  D.  trifida  Moench.  Rocky  woods 
and  bluffs.  Common.  Th. 


BEAL   ON    MICHIGAN   FLORA.  125 

VALERIANACEJE  Batsch.     Valerian  Family. 
VALERIANA  L. 

1954.     V.  edulis  Nutt.     Tobacco-root.     Ann  Arbor  and  Macomb  Co.     Rare.    S.  E. 
*1955.     V.  uliginosa  (T.  &  G.)  Rydb.    Swamp  Valerian.    V.  sylvatica  Beck,  not  Banks. 
Sphagnous  swamps,  local.     Th. 

VALER1ANELLA  Poll. 

1956.  V.  chenopodifolia  (Pursh)  DC.     Goose-foot  Corn  Salad*    Flint;  Ionia;  Lyons. 
Not  common.     C.  &  S. 

1957.  V.  radiata    (L.)   Dufr.     Beaked  Corn  Salad.     Mich.    A.  Gray;   Macomb  Co., 
Cooley. 

DIPSACACE^E  Lindl.     Teasel  Family. 

DIPSACUS  L. 

*1958.  D.  sylvestris  Huds.  Wild  Teasel.  Fields  and  roadsides.  Gratiot  Co.;  Ann 
Arbor;  Detroit;  Flint;  Alma;  Addison.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

CUCURBITACE.E  B.  Juss.     Gourd  Family. 

MICRAMPELIS  Raf.     ECHINOCYSTIS  T.  &  G. 

1959.  M.  lobata  (Michx.)  Greene.    Wild  Balsam  Apple.    Echinocystis  lobata  T.  &  G. 
Common  in  low  woods  along  streams;  Alma;  Ionia;  South  Haven;  Macom^  Co.;  Ann 
Arbor;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

SICYOS  L.    - 

1960.  S.  angulatus  L.     One-seeded  Star  Cucumber.     Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Port 
Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

CAMPANULACE^E  Juss.     Bellflower  Family. 

CAMPANULA  L. 

*1961.  C.  Americana  L.  Tall  Bellflower.  Moist  woodlands.  Ionia  Co.;  Flint; 
Macomb  Co.;  Ann  Arbor,  Winch.  Cat.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*1962.  C.  aparinoides  Pursh.  Marsh 'Bellflower.  Wet  grassy  grounds.  Common.  Th. 
1963.  C.  rapunculoides  L.  Creeping  European  Bellflower.  Ann  Arbor,  A.  J.  Pieters; 
Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*1964.     C.  rotundifolia  L.    Harebell.    Sandy  banks  and  lake  shores.    Common.    Th. 

1965.  C.   rotundifolia   Langsdorfiana     (A.    DC.)     Britton.     C.   rotundifolia   alpina 
Tuckerman.     Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  shore  of  Black  Lake,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  & 
K.;  Petoskey,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

1966.  C.  rotundifolia  velutina  DC.     Sand  hills  of  Burt  Lake,  E.  J.  Hill. 

SPECULARIA  Heist. 

*1967.  S.  perfoliata  (L.)  A.  DC.  Venus'  Looking-glass.  Gravelly  fields.  Clinton  Co.; 
S.  E.,  University  Herb.;  Niles,  I.  N.  Mitchell;  Detroit,  A.  B.  Lyons;  .Ann  Arbor.  Scarce. 
C.  &  S. 

LOBELIA  L. 

*1968.  L.  cardinalis  L.  Cardinal-flower.  River  banks.  Flowers  rarely  rose-color 
or  even  white.  Common.  Th. 

1969.     L.  Dortmanna  L.    Water  Lobelia.    Isle  Royale,  Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons.    U.  P. 

*1970.  L.  Kalmii  L.  Kalm's  Lobelia.  Wet  banks  and  rocks  along  shores.  Ionia 
Co.;  Ann  Arbor;  Oakland  Co.;  Petoskey;  to  L.  Superior.  Frequent.  Th. 


126  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

*1971.  L.  inflata  L.  Indian  Tobacco.  Pastures.  Montcalm  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.; 
Oakland  Co.;  Put-in-Bay.  Scarce.  Th. 

*1972.     L.  spicata  Lam.     Pale  Spiked  Lobelia.     Oak  openings.     Frequent.     Th. 

1973.     L.  spicata  hirtella  A.  Gray.    Keweenaw  Co.,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*1974.     L.   syphilitica    L.      Great   Lobelia.      Low   grounds.      Flowers   vary     to   white. 
Common.     L.  P. 

i 

CICHORIACE^E  Reichenb.     Chicory  Family. 

CICHORIUM  L. 

*1975.  C.  Intybus  L.  Chicory.  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Detroit;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Far- 
well;  Alma;  Ann  Arbor.  Frequent.  Th. 

LAPSANA  L. 

*1976.     L.  communis  L.    Nipplewort.     Campus  of  the  Agricultural  College. 
ADOPOGON  Neck.    KBIGIA  Schreb. 

1977r    A.    Carolinianum     (Walt.)     Britton.      Carolina     Dwarf     Dandelion.      Krigia 
'Virglnica  Willd.    Barrens  N.  part  of  Clare  Co.;  Walton;  Elk  Rapids;  Bay  City.    Rare. 
*1978.     A.    Virginicum    (L.)    Kuntze.     Krigia   amplexicaulis   Nutt.     Moist    hillsides. 
Frequent.     L.  P. 

LEONTODON  L. 

1979.  L.  autumnalis  L.     Fall  Dandelion.     Well  established  at  Hubbardston,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis. 

PICRIS  L. 

1980.  P.  hieracioides  L.     Hawkweed  Picris.     Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

TRAGOPOGON  L. 

1981.  T.  porrifolius  L.     Oyster  Plant.     Escaped  from   cultivation.     St.  Clair  Co.; 
Alma;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*1982.  T.  pratensis  L.  Goat's  Beard.  Spreading.  Hubbardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler; 
Kalamazoo,  Tuthill;  Keweenaw  Co.,  Ypsilanti,  0.  .A.  Farwell. 

TARAXACUM  Haller. 

1983.     T.  erythrospermum  Andrz.     Red- seeded  Dandelion.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*1984.     T.   Taraxicum    (L.)    Karst.     Dandelion.     T.   offlcinale  Weber.     Fields   every- 
where. 

SONCHUS  L. 

*19S5.  S.  arvensis  L.  Field  Sow-Thistle.  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman's  Cat.;  Detroit, 
0.  A.  Farwell;  Tuscola  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*1986.  S.  asper  (L.)  Hill.  Spiney-leaved  Sow-Thistle.  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.  Waste 
places.  Frequent. 

*1987.  S.  oleraceus  L.  Common  Sow-Thistle.  Waste  places.  Macomb  Co.;  Mont- 
calm  Co.;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis;  northward  to  L.  Superior.  Frequent. 

LACTUCA  L. 

*19S8.     L.  Canadensis  L.     Wild  Lettuce.     Rich  soil.     Frequent.     Th. 

*1989.  L.  Floridana  (L.)  Gaertn.  Florida  Lettuce.  Wayne  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell; 
Agricultural  College,  W.  J.  B. 

*1990.  L.  hirsuta  Muhl.  Hairy  Wood-lettuce.  Infrequent.  Hubbardston;  Macomb 
Co.,  Cooley;  Alma,  Chelsea,  C.  A.  Davis. 

1991.  L.  pulchella    (Purhs.)    DC.     Large-flowered  Blue  lettuce.     "Upper  Michigan," 
Prof.  T.  C.  Porter;   Caribou  L;  Lake  Huron,  Dr.  Todd;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Kewee- 
naw Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     N.  &  U.  P. 

1992.  L.  sagittifolia  Ell.     Arrow-leaved  Lettuce.     L.  integrifolia  Bigel.     Petoskey, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


BEAL   ON   MICHIGAN   FLORA.  127 

*1994.  L.  spicata  (Lam.)  Hitchc.  Tall  Blue  Lettuce.  L.  leitcophaea  A.  Gray.  Fre- 
quent. Th. 

1995.     L.  spicata  integrifolia  (T.  &,  G.)  Britton.     L.  Icuoophaea  integrifolia  T.  &  G. 
Belle  Isle,  Detroit,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*1995a.  L.  virosa  L.  Prickly  Lettuce.  Usually  given  the  name  L.  Scariola  L.,  which 
has  pinnatifid  leaves.  Common. 

CREPIS  L. 

*1996.     C.  tectorum  L.     Narrow-leaved  Hawksbeard.     Introduced. 

HIERACIUM  L. 

*1997.     H.  Canadense  Michx.     Canada  Hawkweed.     Woods.     Frequent.     Th. 
*1998.     H.  Gronovii  L.     Hairy  Hawkweed.    Dry  soil.     Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.; 
S.  W.  Mich.,  Wright  Cat.;  Alma.     Infrequent.     C.  &  S. 

1999.  H.  longipilum  Torr.     Long-bearded  Hawkweed.     Fields.     Macomb  Co.;   Trav- 
erse City,  S.  W.,  Wright  Cat.;  Grand  Rapids,  Coleman;  Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper;  Tuscola 
Co.,  C.  A.  Davis.     Scarce.     L.  P. 

2000.  H.  Marianum  Willd.     Maryland  Hawkweed.     Shore  of  Grand  Traverse  Bay, 
C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*2001.  H.  paniculatum  L.  Panicled  Hawkweed.  Macomb  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright 
Cat.  Scarce.  C.  &  S. 

2002.     H.  Pilosella  L.    Mouse-ear  Hawkweed.    Introduced  at  Benzonia,  G.  A.  Clark. 

*2003.     H.  scabrum  Michx.     Rough  Hawkweed.     Woods;  Alma.     Common.     Th. 

*2004.     H.  umbellatum  L.     Narrow-leaved  Hawkweed.     Marquette,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*2005.  H.  venosum  L.  Rattlesnake-weed.  Dry  soil  in  pine  woods,  or  on  oak  land. 
Abundant  at  Point  aux  Pins,  at  the  entrance  to  Lake  Superior,  Macoun,  Can.  Cat.; 
Port  Austin,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Frequent. 

NABALUS  Cass.     PRENANTHES  Vaill. 

*2006.  N.  albus  (L.)  Hook.  Rattlesnake-root.  Prenanthcs  alba  L.  Woods.  Com- 
mon. Th. 

*2007.  N.  altissimus  (L.)  Hook.  Tall  White  Lettuce.  Prcnantlies  altissima  L.  Rich 
woods.  Frequent.  Th. 

*2008.  N.  racemosus  (Michx.)  DC.  Glaucous  White-Lettuce.  Prcnantlies  racemosa 
Michx:  Lenawee  Co.,  G.  F.  Comstock;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  shore  of  L.  Mich.,  near 
Sitting  Rabbit,  Winch.  Cat.;  S.  W.,  Wright  Cat.;  Cheboygan  Co.,  Beardslee,  Keweenaw 
Co.,  Farwell;  Kawkawlin,  Ann  Arbor,  Grass  Lake,  Bay"  Port,  C.  A.  Davis.  Rare.  Th. 

2009.  N.  trifoliatus  Cass.     Tall  Rattlesnake-root.     Washington,  Dr.  D.  Cooley. 

AMBROSIACE^E  Reichenb.     Ragweed  Family. 
IVA  L. 

2010.  I.  xanthiifolia   (Fresen.)   Nutt.     Marsh  Elder.     High  water-shrub.     Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     The  farthest  station  east  known. 

AMBROSIA  L. 

*2011.  A.  artemisiaefolia  L.  Roman  Wormwood.  Ragweed.  Hog- weed.  Bitter- 
weed.  Roadsides.  Introduced  from  the  west.  Abundant.  Th. 

2012.     A.   psilostachya  DC.     Manistee,  F.   P.  Daniels;    shore  of  Lake  Huron,  C.  K. 
Dodge;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*2013.  A.  trifida  L.  Great  Ragweed.  Common.  Low  grounds  along  Grand  and 
Maple  Rivers;  northward  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2014.     A.  trifida  integrifolia  T.  &  G.    Low  land.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell.   Th. 

XANTHIUM  L. 

*2015.     X.  Canadense  Mill.    Common  in  waste  places  and  along  river  banks. 
2015a.  X.  commune  Britton.    Britton  and  Brown's  Flora. 

2016.  X.  echinatum  Murr.  X.  Canadense  ecliinatum  A.  Gray.  Shores  of  Great 
Lakes. 


128  MICHIGAN   ACADEMY   OF  SCIENCE. 

2017.  X.  glabratum   (DC.)  Britton.     Broad  Cocklebur.     X.  strumarium  of  authors, 
not  of  Linnaeus.     Detroit,  O.  A.   Farwell. 

X.  Pennsylvanicum  Wallr.     Britton  and  Brown's  Flora. 

2018.  X.  spinosum  L.     Spiny  Clotbur.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

COMPOSITE  Adans.     Thistle  Family. 

VERNONIA  Schreb. 

2019.  V.  Drummondii  Shuttlw.     Drummond's  Iron-weed.     V.  altissima  grandiflora 
A.  Gray.     Frequent  in  the  Grand  River  Valley;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

*2020.  V.  fasciculata  Michx.  River  banks;  Ionia  Co.;  Macomb  Co.;  Detroit,  0.  A. 
Farwell;  Monroe  Co.;  Ann  Arbor;  South  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey.  Frequent.  C.  &  S. 

2021.  V.  glauca  (L.)  Britton.    Broad-leaved  Iron-weed.   Three  Rivers,  C.  F.  Wheeler; 
Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2022.  V.  interior  Small.     Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2023.  V.  maxima  Small.     Tall  Iron-weed.     V.   gigantea   (Walt.)    Britton.     Detroit, 
O.  A.  Farwell;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.    Frequent  eastward. 

2024.  V.  Noveboracensis  (L.)  Willd.    Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

EUPATORIUM  L. 

*2025.     E.  ageratoides  L.   f.     White   Snake-root.     Woods.     Frequent.     Th. 

2026.  E.   coelestinum  L.     Mist-flower.     "Rich   soil,  Mich."     A.  Gray's  Manual. 

2027.  E.  maculatum  L.     Spotted  Joe-Pye  Weed.     Keweenaw  Co.,  Rochester,  O.  A. 
Farwell;  near  Algonac,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*2028.  E.  perfoliatum  L.     Thoroughwort.    Boneset.     Low  grounds.     Common.     Th. 

*2029.  E.  purpureum  L.  Joe-Pye  Weed.  Keweenaw  Co.,  Rochester,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
Th. 

*2030.  E.  purpureum  falcatum   (Michx.)   Britton.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2031.  E.  sessilifolium  L.     Upland  Boneset.    Copses.     Macomb  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Winch. 
Cat.    S. 

2032.  E.  trifoliatum  L.     Rochester,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

WILLUGBAEYA  Neck.    MIKANTA  Willd. 

2033.  W.  scandens   (L.)   Kuntze.     Climbing  Hemp-weed.     Mikania  scandens  Willd. 
Banks   of  Muskegon  River   for  a   distance  of   eleven  miles   above  Black   Lake,   C.  D. 
McLouth. 

KUHNIA  L. 

2034.  K.  eupatorioides  L.    Ionia  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.     Infrequent.    C.  &  S. 

LACINARIA  Hill.     LIATRIS  Schreb. 

2035.  L.  cylindracea  (Michx.)  Kuntze.    Cylindric  Blazing  Star.     Liatris  ci/Undracea 
Michx.     Sterile  open  places;    Ionia  Co.;   Macomb  Co.;   Lenawee  Co.,  G.   F.   Comstock; 
Tuscola  Co.;  Grand  Rapids  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Not  common.     Th. 

*2036.  L.  scariosa  (L.)  Hill.  Large  Button  Snake-root.  Liatris  scariosa  Willd. 
Rarely  the  flowers  vary  to  white.  Dry  soil.  Ann  Arbor;  northward  to  Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Frequent. 

2036a.  L.  scariosa  corymbulosa  Sheldon.     Orion,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
2037.     L.  scariosa  squarrulosa  (Michx.)   Small.     Orion,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
*2038.     L.  spicata  (L.)  Kuntze.     Dense  Button-Snakeroot.  Liatris  spicata  Willd. 

Low  grounds.     Ionia  Co.;  Macomb  Co.;  near  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M. 
Bradford;   Kalamazoo,  Tuthill.     Infrequent. 

GRINDELIA  Willd. 

2039.  G.  squarrosa  (Pursh.)  Dunal.  Broad-leaved  Gum-plant.  Escanaba,  R.  E. 
Merrell;  near  Lapeer,  Mrs.  M.  Owen;  Marquetts,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Occasionally  introduced 
in  grass  seeds  from  the  west. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  •  129 

SOLIDAGO  L. 

2040.  S.  alpestris  Wald.  &  Kit.  Alpine  Golden-rod.  8.  Viri/fntrca  alpina  Bio-el 
Gray's  Manual,  6th  edition.  U.  P. 

"2041.  S.  bicolor  L.  White  Golden-rod.  Rochester,  W.  A,  Brotherton;  Lansino-  W 
J.  B.;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

"2042.     S.  caesia  L.    Blue-stemmed  Golden-rod.    Rich  woods.    Frequent.    L.  P. 

*2043.     S.  caesia  axillaris   (Pursh.)  A.  Gray.     Frequent  near  Lansing.     L.  P. 

*2044.  S.  Canadensis  L.  Canada  Golden-rod.  Fields.  Our  most  variable  and  com- 
mon golden-rod.  Th. 

*2045.    S.  Canadensis  procera  (Ait.)  T.  &  G.    Common. 

2046.  S.  Canadensis  scabriuscula  T.  C.  Porter.    Keweenaw  Co..  Detroit,  0.  A.  Far- 
weil. 

2047.  S.  erecta  Pursh.     Slender  Golden-rod.     8.  spcciosa  a>i{inxtata  T.  &  G.    Indian 
River,  Cheboygan  Co.,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

*2048.  S.  flexicaulis  L.  Zig-Zag  Golden-rod.  S.  latifolia  L.  Moist  woods.  Fre- 
quent. Th. 

*2049.  S.  hispida  Muhl.  Hairy  Golden-rod.  8.  Mcolvr  concolor  Torr  &  Gray.  Dry 
places.  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis;  and  northward. 
2050.  S.  Houghtonii  Torr.  &  Gray.  Houghton's  Golden-rod.  f'N.  shore  of  Lake 
Michigan,"  Gray's  Man.;  Drummond's  Is.,  Winch.  Cat. 

*2051.     S.  juncea  Ait.     Early  Golden-rod.     Meadows  and  fields,  variable.     Frequent. 

2052.  S.  juncea  scabrella   (T.  &  G.)  A.  Gray.     Orion,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2053.  S.  macrophylla   Pursh.     Large-leaved  Golden-rod.     "Shore  of  Lake   Superior 
and  northward,"  A.  Gray's  Manual,  6th  edition.     U.  P. 

2054.  S.  neglecta  Torr.  &  Gray.     Swamp  Golden-rod.     Swamps.     Ionia  Co.,  Orion, 
(.).  A.  Farwell,  and  northward.     Infrequent. 

*2055.     S.  nemoralis  Ait.     Gray  Golden-rod.    Dry  sandy  soil.     Common.     Th. 
2056.     S.  Ohioensis  Riddell.     Ohio  Golden-rod.  "  Moist*  meadows.     Ionia  Co.;   Flint; 
Bay   Co.,   G.   M.   Bradford;    Macomb  Co.   to   Grand  Detour  below   Sugar  Island,   Prof. 
T.  'a  Porter.     Infrequent. 

*2057.  S.  patula  Muhl.  Rough-leaved  Golden-rod.  Borders  of  swamps.  Common. 
C.  &  S. 

2058.  S.  Purshii  T.  C.  Porter.  River  bank  Golden-rod.  8.  humilis  Pursh.  Fre- 
quent at  Petoskey;  Cheboygan  Co.,  Beardslee;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*2059.  S.  rigida  L.  Stiff  Golden-rod.  Dry,  sandy  ground.  Ann  Anbor;  Ionia  Co.; 
Flint;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels,  and  northward.  Infrequent. 

"'2060.  S.  Riddellii  Frank.  RiddelFs  Golden-rod.  Swamps,  Ionia  Co.;  Macomb  Co.; 
Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Ann  Arbor,  and  southward.  Rare. 

"2061.  S.  rugosa  Mill.  Wrinkle -leaved  Golden-rod.  Borders  of  fields,  northward 
to  Thunder  Bay,  Macoun.  Common.  Th. 

::2062.     S.  serotina  Ait.    Late  Golden-rod.     Shady  places.     Frequent.    Th. 
2063.     S.  serotina  gigantea  (Ait.)  A.  Gray.    Borders  of  woods.    Frequent.     Th. 

""2064.  S.  speciosa  Nutt.  Showy  Golden-rod.  Margin  of  woods  on  light  soil.  Ionia 
Co.;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Ann  Arbor;  and  northward  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  O,  A.  Fanyell. 
Infrequent. 

"2065.  S.  uliginosa  Nutt.  Bog  Golden-rod.  Swamps.  Ann  Arbor,  Tuscola  Co., 
Alpena  Co.,  C.  A.  Davis.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*2066.  S.  ulmifolia  Muhl.  Elm-leaved  Golden-rod.  Borders  of  woods.  Ionia  Co.; 
Flint;  Alma;  S.  W.,  Winch.  Cat.  Infrequent.  L.  P. 

2067.  S.  Virgaurea  Gillmani  (A.  Gray)    T.  C.  Porter.    8.  humilis  Gillmairi  A.  Gray. 
Shores  of  Lake  Mich.,  from  New  Buffalo  to  Mackinaw  City,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

EUTHAMIA  Nutt. 

2068.  E.  Caroliniana  (L.)  Greene.    Slender  Fragrant  Golden-rod.  Solidago  toiuifolia 
Pursh.     Grand  Rapids,  Miss  E.  J.  Cole. 

*2069.  E.  graminifolia  (L.)  Nutt.  Bushy  Golden-rod.  Solidago  lanceolata  L.  Moist 
soil.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Common.  Th. 

ASTER  L. 

2069a.  A.  amethystinus  Nutt.    Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*2070.  A.  azureus  Lindl.  Sky-blue  Aster.  Sterile  soil.  Flint;  Ann  Arbor;  Ionia 
Co.;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford;  Macomb  Co.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

17 


130  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OP  SCIENCE. 

*2071.  A.  cordifolius  L.  Blue  Wood  Aster.  A.  cordifolius  polycepUalus  T.  C.  Porter. 
Lansing,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Woods.  Common.  Th. 

2072.  A.  divaricatus  L.     White  Wood  Aster.     A.  corymbosus  Ait.     Woods.     Bay 
Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.     Infrequent.     Th. 

2073.  A.   dumosus   L.     Bushy   Aster.     Thickets.     Macomb   Co.;    Petoskey,   Dr.   D. 
Clark;    Hubbardston,  not  common,   C.  F.   Wheeler;    Cheboygan  Co.,  Beardslee;    Orion, 
O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma,  C.  A.  Davis.    L.  P. 

2074.  A.   ericoides  L.     White  Heath   Aster.     Petoskey,  C.   F.  Wheeler;   Bay   Co., 
G.  M.  Bradford;  shores  of  the  Great  Lakes. 

2075.  A.  ericoides  pilosus   (Willd.)    T.    C.    Porter.     A.  ericoides  villosus  T.  &  G. 
Marine  City,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

2075a.  A.  ericoides  platyphyllus  T.  &  G.    Detroit.  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2076.  A.  exiguus   (Fernald)   Rydb.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2078.  A.   Faxoni   Porter.     Faxon's   Aster.     A.   polypliyllus  Willd.     Shores   of  the 
Great  Lakes. 

2079.  A.  hirsuticaulis  Lindl.     Hairy-stemmed  Aster.     A.  lateriflorus  hirsutiusettlis 
T.  C.  Porter.    Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*2080.  A.  junceus  Ait.  Hush  Aster.  Tamarack  swamps.  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  Macomb 
Co.;  Alma,  Ann  Arbor;  northward.  Frequent.  Th. 

*2081.  A.  laevis  L.  Smooth  Aster.  Border  of  oak  woods.  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.; 
Alma;  Ann  Arbor.  Common' southward.  L.  P. 

2082.  A.  laevis  amplifolius  Porter.     Detroit,  Birmingham,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2083.  A.  lateriflorus   (L.)   Britton.     Starved  Aster.     A.  diffuses  Ait.     Fields.     Ex- 
ceedingly variable.    Common.    Th. 

2084.  A.  lateriflorus  glomerellus   (T.  &   G.)   Burgess.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2085.  A.  lateriflorus  horizontalis-  (Desf.)  Burgess.     Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
2085a.  A.  lateriflorus  pendulus  (Ait.)  Burgess.    Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2086.  A.  lateriflorus  thyrsoideus  (A.  Gray)  Sheldon.  A.  diflusus  tJiyrsoides  A.  Gray. 
Washington,  Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  D.  Cooley;   Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell;    and  northward. 

2087.  A.  Lindleyanus  Torr.  &  Gray.     Lindley's  Aster.     "Labrador  to  Lake  Supe- 
rior." A.  Gray's  Manual;  Mackinaw  City,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
Not  common.     N.  &  U.  P. 

2088.  A.  longifolius  Lam.     Long-leaved  Aster.     Escanaba,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 

2088a.  A.  Lowrieanus  Porter.     Lowrie's  Aster.     Lakeville,  Broth erton  and  Farwell. 
*2089.     A.  macrophyllus  L.    Large-leaved  Aster.     Woods.     Common.     Th. 
*2090.    A.  macrophyllus  excelsior  Burgess.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2091.  A.  multiflorus  Ait.     Dense-flowered  Aster.     Sandy  soil.     Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

2092.  A.  nemoralis  Ait.     Common.     Th. 

•"•2093.     A.  Novae-Angliae  L.     New  England  Aster.     Moist  grounds.     Frequent.     Th. 

2094.  A.  Novi-Belgii  L.    New  York  Aster.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2095.  A.  oblongifolius  Nutt.     Detroit.  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*2096.  A.  paniculatus  Lam.     Tall  White  Aster.     Shady  banks.     Frequent.     Th. 

2098.  A.  paniculatus   bellidiflorus    (Willd.)    Burgess.     Belle    Isle,   C.   F.   Wheeler; 
Lapeer,  Mrs.  M.  Owen. 

2099.  A.  paniculatus  simplex   (Willd.)   Burgess.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2100.  A.  patens  Ait.    Late  Purple  Aster.    Dry  grounds.     Ann  Arbor;  Macomb  Co. 
S.  E. 

2101.  A.  prenanthoides  Muhl.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*2102.  A.  ptarmicoides  (Nees.)  Torr.  and  Gray.  Macomb  Co.;  Clarkston,  G.  H. 
Hicks;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.  Infrequent.  Th. 

*2103.  A.  puniceus  L.  Purple-stem  Aster.  Low  grounds.  Alma,  Ann  Arbor,  C.  A. 
Davis.  Common.  Th. 

2103a.  A.  puniceus  firmus  (Nees)  T.  &  G.    Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*2104.    A.  puniceus  lucidulus  Gray.     Macomb  Co.  westward.  .  Abundant. 

*2105.    A.  sagittifolius  Willd.    Arrow-leaved  Aster.    Dry  grounds.     Frequent.    Th. 

2106.  A.  sagittifolius  urophyllus  (Lindl.)  Burgess;  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2107.  A.  salicifolius  Lam.     Willow  Aster.    Moist  soil.     Flint;  Macomb  Co.,  north- 
ward.    Frequent. 

2108.  A.  sericeus  Vent.     Silky  Aster.     S.  Mich.,  Winch.  Cat.,  Dr.  D.  Hough  ton; 
north  to  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    Rare. 

2109.  A.  Shortii  Hook.     Short's  Aster.     Pewamo,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Rochester,  W.  A. 
Brotherton.     Rare. 

*2110.  A.  Tradescanti  L.  Tradescant's  Aster.  Low  grounds.  Flint;  Macomb  Co. 
Frequent.  L.  P. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN   FLORA.  131 

*2111.     A.  undulatus  L.    Wavy-leaf  Aster.    Dry  copses.    Flint;  S.  Mich.;  Cheboygan 
Co.,  B.  &  K.;  Ionia  Co.     Common.     L.  P. 

*2112.     A.    vimineus   Lam.     Small   White    Aster.     Low    grounds.     Cheboygan   Co., 
Beardslee;   Alma.     Frequent  southward.     L.  P. 

2112a.  A.  vimineus  foliolosus  Ait.    A.  Gray.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

BRACHYACTIS  Ledeb. 

2113.  B.  angustus   (Lindl.)    Britton.     Ray  less  Aster.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

ERIGERON  L. 

2114.  E.  acris  L.     Blue  Fleabane.    Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2115.  E.  acris  Droebachianus  (Retz)  \Villd.     "Shores  of  Lake  Superior,".  A.  Gray; 
Dr.  A.  B.  Lyons;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.    U.  P. 

*2116.     E.  annuus   (L.)   Pers.     Daisy  Fleabane.     Sweet  Scabious.     Fields.     Common. 
Th. 

2117.  E.   asper  Nutt.     Rough   Erigeron.     E.   glabellus   Nutt.     Plains.     Dr.  A.  B. 
Lyons.     U.  P. 

2118.  E.  hyssopifolius  Michx.    Hyssop-leaved  Erigeron.    "Lake  Superior,  and  north- 
ward," A.  Gray;  Dr.  Lyons;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*2119.     E.  Philadelphicus  L.     Common  Philadelphia  Fleabane.     Common.     Th. 

*2120.     E.  pulchellus  Michx.    Robin's  Plantain.    E.  bellidifolius  Muhl.     Moist  banks. 
Frequent.     C.  &  S. 

*2121.     E.  ramosus  (Walt.)  B.  S.  P.    Daisy  Fleabane.        E.  strigosus  Muhl.     Fields. 
Common.     Th. 

LEPTILON  Raf.     ERIGERON  L.,  in  part. 

2122.    L.   Canadense    (L.)    Britton.     Horse-weed.     Erigeron   Canadensis  L.     Waste 
grounds.     Common.     Th. 

2122a.  L.  divaricatum  (Michx.)  Raf.    Near  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

DOELLINGERIA  Nees. 

*2123.    D.  umbellata    (Mill.)    Nees.     Tall  Flat-top  White  Aster.     Aster  umbellatus 
Mill.    Moist  places.    Th. 

2124.  D.  umbellata  pubens   (A.  Gray)   Britton.     Aster  umbcllatus  pubens  A.  Gray. 
Upper  Mich.,  A.  Gray's  Manual;  Cheboygan  Co.,  Beardslee;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Far- 
well. 

ANTENNARIA  Gaertn. 

2125.  A.   ambigens    (Greene)    Fernald.     Bay   Co.,   G.   M.  Bradford,   Detroit,   0.   A. 
Farwell. 

*2127.     A.  campestris  Rydberg.    Prairie  Cat's-foot.     Grayling,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Manis- 
tee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

2128.  A.   Canadensis  Greene.     Shores   of  Grand  Traverse  Bay  under  pines,  C.  F. 
Wheeler;  Mackinac  Island,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2129.  A.  fallax  Greene.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*2130.     A.  Farwellii  Greene.    Lansing,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell; 
Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

*2131.     A.    neglecta     Greene.      Field    Cat's-foot.      Lansing,    Brighton,     Stockbridge, 
Wheeler  &  Longyear;   Detroit,   Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell;   Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

2131a.  A.  neodioica  Greene.     Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*2132.     A.  neodioica  attenuata  Fernald.     Agricultural  College,  Brighton,  Vestaburg, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Detroit,  Mackinac  Island,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2133.     A.  occidentals  Greene.     Shores  of  Grand  Traverse  Bay,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 
*2134.    A.  Parlinii  ambigens  Fernald.    Banks  of  Cedar  River  at  Agricultural  College, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels;  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*2135.     A.  plantaginifolia    (L.)    Richards.     Plantain-leaved  Everlasting.     Dry  fields. 
Common.     Th. 

ANAPHALIS  DC. 

2136.     A.  margaritacea    (L.)    Benth.  &  Hook.     Pearly  Everlasting.     Montcalm  Co.; 
Grayling,  G.  H.  Hicks;   Petoskey,  Mackinac,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 


MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

GNAPHALIUM  L. 

*2137.  G.  decurrens  Ives.  Everlasting.  Winged  Cudweed.  Fields.  Alma,  Ann 
Arbor,  C.  A.  Davis.  Abundant  in  the  pine  region,  and  northward. 

*2138.  G.  obtusifolium  L.  Sweet  Balsam.  G.  polycephalum  Michx.  Common  Ever- 
lasting. Fields.  Common.  Th. 

2139.     G.  purpureum  L.    Purplish  Cudweed.    Macomb  and  St.  Clair  Counties,  A.  F. 
Foerste;  Detroit,  O.  A.  Far  well. 

*2140.     G.  uliginosum  L.    Low  Cudweed.    Roadsides  in  clay  soil,  abundant.    Th. 

ADENOCAULON  Hook. 
2141.     A.  bicolor  Hook.    Moist  ground.     Ontonagon  River.     U.  P. 

INULA  L. 
*2142.     I.  Helenium  L.     Elecampane.     Roadsides,  escaped  from  gardens.     Infrequent. 

POLYMNIA  L. 

*2143.  P.  Canadensis  L.  Small-flowered  Leaf -cup.  Shaded  river  banks.  Ionia  Co.; 
Macomb  Co.;  Flint;  S.  Michigan.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

2144.  P.  Canadensis  radiata  A.  Gray.     Rochester,  0.  A.  Far  well. 

2145.  P.  Uvedalia  L.    Large-flowered  Leaf-cup.     S.  Michigan,  Wright's  Cat.     S. 

SILPHIUM  L. 

2146.  S.  integrifolium  Michx.    Entire-leaved  Rosin- weed.     S.  W.,  University  Herb.; 
Kalamazoo,  Tuthill. 

2147.  S.   laciniatum   L.     Rosin-weed.      Compass-plant.      S.    Mich.,    Wright's    Cat.; 
near  Capac,  J.  W.  Stacey.     S. 

2148.  S.  perfoliatum  L.     Cup-Plant.     S.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat. 

2149.  S.  terebinthinaceum  Jacq.    Prairie  Dock.    Oak  openings.    Ionia;  Macomb  Co.; 
Ann  Arbor;  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.    In- 
frequent.    C.  &  S. 

2150.  S.  trifoliatum  L.     Avon,  W.  A.  Brotherton.    Rare. 
2150a.  H.  helianthoides  (L.)  B.  S.  P.     Rochester,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

HELIOPSIS  Pers. 

2151.  H.  scabra  Dunl.     Rough  Ox-Eye.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

RUDBECKIA  L. 

*2152.  R.  hirta  L.  Black-eyed  Susan.  Meadows  and  low  places,  apparently  intro- 
duced. Common.  Th. 

*2153.    R.  laciniata  L.    Tall  Cone-flower.    Low  grounds.    Frequent.     Th. 

*2154.  R.  speciosa  Wenderoth.  Flat-headed  Cone-flower.  Wet  soil.  Ionia  Co.; 
Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Alma;  Ann  Arbor.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

2155.    R.  triloba  L.     Thin-leaved  Cone-flower.     Washington,  .Macomb  Co.,  Cooley. 
Rare. 

RATIBIDA  Raf.    LEPACHYS  Raf. 

*2156.  R.  pinnata  (Vent.)  Barnhart.  Gray-headed  Cone-flower.  Lepacliis  pinnata 
Torr.  &  Gray.  Dry  ground.  Ionia  Co.;  Grand  Rapids;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.  S.  Mich. 
Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

BRAUNERIA  Neck.     ECHINACEA  Moench. 

2157.  B.  pallida  (Nutt.)  Britton.    Pale  Purple  Cone-flower.    Echinacea  angustifolia 
DC.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2158.  B.  purpurea  (L.)  Britton.    Purple  Cone-flower.    Echinacea  purpurea  Moench. 
Univ.  Herb.    Harrington;  Grand  Rapids,  Delia  Bailey;  St.  Joseph,  Dr.  Houghton,  1838. 
Rare.    S.  W. 


BEAL  ON  MICHIGAN  FLORA.  133 

HELIANTHUS  L. 

-2159.  H.  decapetalus  L.  Thin-leaved  Wild  Sunflower.  Low  grounds.  Frequent. 
L.  P. 

*2160.     H.   divaricatus  L.     Rough  Sunflower.     Dry  woods.     Common.     Th. 

*2161.  H.  giganteus  L.  Tall  Sunflower.  Low  grounds;  variable.  Ionia  Co.;  Flint; 
Ann  Arbor;  Alma;  Macomb  Co.  and  northward.  Common.  Th. 

2161a.  H.  giganteus  subtuberosus   (Bourg.)   Britton.     Rochester,  Birmingham,  0.  A. 
Farwell. 

2162.  H.   grosseserratus  Martens.     Saw-toothed    Sunflower.     Port    Huron,    C.    K. 
Dodge;  S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

2163.  H.  hirsutus  Raf.     Stiff-haired  Sunflower.    Dry  soil.    Ann  Arbor,  and  S.  W. 

2164.  H.  Maximilian!  Schrad.    Adventive  from  the  Vest.    Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford; 
Houghton,  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2165.  H.  microcephalus  T.  &  G.     S.  W.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

2166.  H.  mollis  Lam.     Hairy  Sunflower.     Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

2167.  H.    occidentalis   Riddell.      Few-leaved    Sunflower.      Sterile     soil.     Ionia    Co.; 
Flint;  Grand  Rapids;  Macomb  Co.     Infrequent.    C.  &  S. 

2168.  H.  petiolaris  Nutt.     Prairie  Sunflower.     Introduced  from  the  west  to  Hub- 
bardston,  C.  F.  Wheeler;   Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

2169.  H.  scaberrimus  Ell.    Stiff  Sunflower.    H.  rigidus  Desf.    Dry  soil.    Ann  Arbor, 
Winch.  Cat.     S. 

*2170.     H.  strumosus  L.    Pale-leaved  Wood  Sunflower.    Dry  soil.    Frequent.    C.  &  S. 

2171.  H.    strumosus   macrophyllus     (Willd.)     Britton.     H.    strumosus   var.   mollis 
T.  &  G.     Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels. 

2172.  H.  tracheliifolius  Mill.     Throatwort  Sunflower.     Copses.     S.  Mich.,  Wright's 
Cat.;  Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  D.  Cooley.    C.  &  S. 

*2173-    H.  tuberosus  L.     Jerusalem  Artichoke.     Sparingly   escaped  from  gardens. 

VERBESINA  L.     ACTINOMERIS  Nutt. 

2174.  V.   alternifolia    (L.)    Britton.     Actnomeris   squarrosa   Nutt.     Rich   soil.     S. 
Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.;  Dundee,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Hudson,  W.  J.  B.;  islands  in  the  Detroit 
River,  Maclagan.  Can  Cat.    S. 

COREOPSIS  L. 

2175.  C.  lanceolata  L.     Lance-leaved  Tickseed.     C.  lanceolate,  angustifolia  T.  &  G. 
Sandy  shores  of  Lake  Huron;  sand  hills,  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K.;  sandy  plains  near 
Baldwin,  W.  J.  B.;   south  to  Macomb  Co.,  Cooley;  Elk  Rapids,  W.  S.  Cooper.     Thv 

2176.  C.  palmata  Nutt.     Stiff  Tickseed.     S.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.;  shore  of  Barren 
Lake,  C.  F.  Wheeler,  1890;  Gull  Prairie,  Dr.  Houghton,  1838. 

2177.  C.  tinctoria  Nutt.     Garden  Tickseed.     Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

2178.  C.  tripteris  L.     Tall  Coreopsis.     Tall  Tickseed.     Detroit;  Macomb  Co.;  Oak- 
land Co.;    S.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.;   Ionia;    Grand  Rapids;   Ann  Arbor.     S. 

2179.  C.  verticillata  L.     Whorled  Tickseed.     Samaria,  Macomb  Co.,  Grand  Rapids, 
<J.  b\  Wheeler. 

BIDENS  L. 

2180.  B.  aristosa  (Michx.)  Britton.    Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

*2180.  B.  Beckii  Torr.  Water  Marigold.  S.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.;  Ann  Arbor;  Wex- 
ford  Co.,  Cooley;  Manistee,  E.  J.  Hill;  Indian  River,  C.  F.  Wheeler;  Orion,  O.  A.  Far- 
well;  St.  Clair  Lake  and  River,  C.  K.  Dodge.  Rare. 

*2182.  B.  cernua  L.  Smaller  Bur-Marigold.  Wet  places.  Cheboygan  Co.,  Kofoid; 
Orion,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Algonac,  W.  S.  Cooper.  Southward.  Frequent.  Th. 

2182a.  B.  cernua  elliptica  Weigand,  in  part.    Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
*2183.    B.  laevis    (L.)    B.   S.   P.    Large  Bur-Marigold.    B.  chrysanthemoides  Michx. 
Swamps.     Common.     Th. 

*2184.  B.  comosa  (A.  Gray)  Wiegand.  Leafy-bracted  Tickseed.  B.  connata  comosa 
A.  Gray.  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Alma;  Ann  Arbor.  Infrequent. 

*2185.     B.  connata  Muhl.     Swamp  Beggar-ticks.     Low  grounds.     Common.     Th. 

2185a.  B.  connata  anomala  0.  A.  F.    Awns  upwardly  barbed,  O.  A.  F.  Detroit,  0.  A. 
Farwell. 

2185b.  B.  connata  petiolata  (Nutt.)  0.  A.  F.    Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
2186.    B.  discoidea     (T.  &  G.)    Britton.    Small  Beggar-ticks.     Coreopsis    discoideit 
Torr.  &  Gray.     Wet  ground.     Ionia  Co.;   Manistee,  F.  P.  Daniels.     Scarce. 


134  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

*2187.     B.  frondosa  L.    Common  Beggar-ticks.    Stick-tight.   Low  grounds.  A  trouble- 
some weed.     Common.     Th. 

2187a.  B.  trichosperma    (Michx.)   Britton.     Orion,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2188.  B.    trichosperma    tenuiloba     (A.    Gray)     Britton.      Coreopsis     trichosperma 
tenuiloba  A.  Gray.    Swamps.    Flint;  Montcalm  Co.;  Ionia  Co.;  S.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.; 
Orion,   O.  A.   Farwell.     Common   in   pine   country.     Infrequent  elsewhere. 

2188a.  B.  vulgaris  Greene.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2188b.  B.  vulgaris  puberula   (Wieg.)  Greene.    Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

GALINSOGA   R.   &   P. 

2189.  G.  parviflora  Cav.     Detroit,  W.  S.  Cooper.    Introduced. 

HELENIUM  L. 

*2190.     H.  autumnale  L.    Sneeze- weed.    River  banks.    Common.    C.  &  S. 
2191.     H.  tenuifolium  Nutt.     Fine-leaved  Sneeze-weed.     Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

ACHILLEA  L. 

2192     A.  lanulosa  Nutt.     Western  Yarrow.     Rochester,  W.  S.  Cooper;   Frequent  in 
U.  P.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*2193.     A.  Millefolium  L.     Common  Yarrow  or  Milfoil.     Fields.     Common. 
2193a.  A.  Ptarmica  L.  Sneezewort.     Mich.,  Gray's  Manual.     Rare.     Th. 

ANTHEMIS  L. 

2194.     A.  arvensis  L.     Corn  Chamomile.     Introduced.     Three  Rivers,  C.  F.  Wheeler; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  near  Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell;  St.  Glair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

*2195.     A.  Cotula  DC.    May-weed.    Dog-Fennel.    Roadsides.     Common.    Th. 

CHRYSANTHEMUM  L. 

2196.     C.  Balsamita  tanacetoides  Boiss.     Mint-Geranium.     Escaped  from  gardens. 
*2197.     C.  Leucanthemum  L.     Ox-eye  or  White  Daisy.     Meadows  and  pastures.     Th. 
2197a,  C.  Parthenium  (L.)  Pers.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

MATRICARIA  L. 

2198.  M.  inodora  L.     Scentless  Camomile.     Flint.  Dr.  D.  Clark. 

TANACETUM  L. 

2199.  T.  Huronense  Nutt.     Lake  Huron  Tansy.     Sand  dunes  at  the  head  of  Little 
Traverse  Bay,  and  northward.     Frequent;  Elk  Rapids,  W.  S.  Cooper. 

*2200.     T.  vulgare  L.     Common  Tansy.     Escaped  from  gardens.     Frequent. 
*2201.     T.  vulgare  crispum  DC.     More  common  than  the  species. 

ARTEMISIA  L. 

2202.  A.  Abrotanum  L.     Southernwood.     Escaped  in  Keweenaw  Co..  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2203.  A.    Absinthium   L.      Common    Wormwood.      Ionia    Co.:    Flint;    Gratiot    Co.; 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Sparingly  escaped  from  gardens. 

2104.     A.  annua  L.     Annual  Wormwood.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell;   New  Baltimore, 
J.  W.  Stacey. 

*2205.     A.  biennis  Willd.     Biennial  Wormwood.     A  roadside  weed,  lately  introduced 
from  the  west  and  extending  throughout  the  State. 

2200.  A.    Canadensis   Michx.      Canada    Wormwood.  '    Sand    dunes.      Barren    Lake; 
New  Buffalo,  C.  F.  Wheeler;   Ottawa  Co.;   Emmet  Co.;   to  Lake  Superior.     Th. 

*2207.     A.  caudata  Michx.    Tall  Wormwood.    Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.     Sandy  fields. 
Ionia  Co.;  Montcalm   Co.;    S.  Haven,  L.  H.  Bailey.     Infrequent.     C.  &  S. 

2208.  A.  gnaphaloides  Nutt.    Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Farwell. 

2209.  A.  Ludoviciana  Nutt.     Western  Mugwort.     Dry  banks.    Niles,  J.  T.  Scoville. 
Univ.  Herb.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell.     Rare. 

2210.  A.  Stellariana  Bess.     Port  Austin.     C.  A.  Davis;  Keweenaw  Co.,  0.  A.  Far- 
well. 

2211.  A.  vulgaris  L.     Common  Mugwort.     Waste  places.     Infrequent. 


BEAL  ON   MICHIGAN  FLORA.  135 

TUSSILAGO  L. 

2212.  T.  Farfara  L.     Sault  de  Ste.  Marie,  Whitney's  Cat.;   Washington,  Macomb 
Co.,   W.  A.  Brotherton. 

PETASITES  Gaertn. 

2213.  P.  palmata    (Ait.)  A.  Gray.     Harrisville,  Oscoda,  Alger,  and  westward;  Ke-. 
weenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell ;  St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 

ARNICA  L. 

2214.  A.  lanceolata    Nutt.      Northern    Arnica.      Shores    of   Lake    Superior,   Gray's 
Manual;   Copper  Harbor,  Whitney's  Catalogue.  '"It  has  been  confused  with  A.  Cham- 
issonis  of  the  west."     Britton's  Manual. 

ERECHTITES  Raf. 

*2215.    E.  hieracifolia  (L.)  Raf.  Fireweed.    New  clearings.    Common  northward.   Th. 
MESADENIA  Raf.     CACALIA  L.,  in  part. 

2216.  M.  atriplicifolia    (L.)   Raf.     Pale  Indian  Plantain.     Cacalia  atriplicifolia  L. 
Woods.     Ionia  Co.;   Alma;   Ann  Arbor;   Manistee  and  Sturgis,  F.  P.  Daniels;   Battle 
"Creek,  W.  S.  Cooper;  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.    Frequent. 

2217.  M.  tuberosa   (Nutt.)   Britton.     Tuberous  Indian  Plantain.     Cacalia  tuberosa 
Nutt.     S.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.;  three  miles  east  of  Kalamazoo,  1838,  Dr.  D.  Hough  ton; 
Huron  and  Tuscola  counties;  Mottville,  I.  N.  Mitchell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

SYNOSMA  Raf.     CACALIA  L.,  in  part. 

2218.  S?  suaveolens  (L.)  Raf.     Sweet-scented  Indian  Plantain.     Cacalia  sauveolens 
L.     Lodi,  Miss  Clark,  in  Winch.  Cat.;  Gray's  Manual.    Rare. 

SENECIO  L. 

*2219.     S.  aureus  L.    Golden  Ragwort.     Squaw- weed.     Very  variable.     Common.     Th. 

2220.  S.  aureus  gracilis   (Pursh.)    Britt.     A  slender  form  of  the  Life-root,  is  fre- 
quent at  Linden  Park.    Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

2221.  S.  aureus  lancelatus  Oakes.    Muskegon  Co.,  C.  D.  McLouth. 

*2222.  S.  Balsamitae  Muhl.  Balsam  Groundsel.  S.  aureus  Balsamitae  T.  &  G. 
Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon.  Northward  to  Keweenaw  Co. 

*2223.  S.  discoideus  (Hook.)  Britton.  North  of  Chandler's  marsh  near  Lansing, 
W.  J.  B.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

*2224.  S.  obovatus  Muhl.  Round-leaf  Squaw-weed.  8.  aureus  obovatus  T.  &  G. 
More  common  southward. 

*2225.  S.  vulgaris  L.  Common  Groundsel.,  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  S.  W.  Mich.  Wright's 
Cat.;  Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 

ARCTIUM  L. 

*2226.     A.  Lappa  L.     Great  Burdock.     Waste  places.     Common.     Th. 
2227.     A.  minus  Schk.     Common  Burdock.     A.  Lappa  minus  A.  Gray.     Keweenaw 
Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

CARDUUS  L.     CNICUS  L.  in  part. 

*2228.  C.  altissimus  L.  Tall  Thistle.  Cnicus  altissimm  Willd.  Ionia  Co.;  Ann 
Arbor;  Flint;  Macomb  Co.;  Bay  Co.,  G.  M.  Bradford.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

*2229.  C.  arvensis  (L.)  Robs.  Canada  Thistle.  Cnicus  arvensis  Hoffm.  Fields.  A 
vile  pest,  introduced  from  Europe.  Th. 

2230.     C.  crispus  L.     Port  Huron,  C.  K..  Dodge.     Introduced  from  Europe. 

*2231.  C.  discolor  (Muhl.)  Nutt.  Field  Thistle.  Cnicus  altissimus  discolor  A.  Gray. 
Meadows.  Montcalm  Co.;  Tuscola  Co.;  Ann  Arbor;  Ionia  Co.;  Flint;  and  southward. 
Flowers  sometimes  white.  Infrequent.  C.  &  S. 

2232.     C.  Hillii   (Canby.)  Porter.    Hill's  Thistle.     Cnicus  Hillii  Canby.    Muskegon, 
C.  F.  Wheeler;  Rochester,  O.  A.  Farwell. 


136  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE. 

*2233.  C.  lanceolatus  L.  Common  or  Bull  Thistle.  Roadsides  and  fields.  Common. 
Th. 

*2234.  C.  muticus  (Mich.)  Pers.  Swamp  Thistle.  Cnicus  muticus  Pursh.  Swamps, 
low  land.  Frequent.  Th. 

2235.  C.  odoratus   (Muhl.)   Porter.     C.  pumilus  Nutt.     S.  W.  Mich.,  Wright's  Cat.; 
Macomb  Co.,  Dr.  Cooley;  Baldwin,  W.  J.  B.;  Cheboygan  Co.,  B.  &  K. 

2236.  C.  Pitcheri  (Torr.)   Porter.    Pitchers  Thistle.     Cnicus  Pitcher  I  Torr.     Shores 
of  the  Great  Lakes;  sand  dunes. 

2237.  C.  spinosissimus  Walt.    Yellow  Thistle.      Cnicus  Jiorridus  Pursh.    N.  shore 
Lake  Superior,  Agassiz;  Grand  Detour,  T.  C.  Porter. 

2238.  C.  undulatus  Nult.     Wavy-leaved  Thistle.  Cnicus  undulatus  A.  Gray.  Islands 
of  Lakes  Huron  and  Michigan,  A.  Gray;  Drummond's  L,  Winch.  Cat.     N.  &  U.  P. 

MARIANA  Hill.     SILYBUM  Gaertn. 

*2239.     M.  Mariana  (L.)  Hill.    Milk  Thistle.    Silybum  Marianum  Gaertn.    Occasional. 

ONOPORDON  L. 

2240.  0.  Acanthium  L.     Cotton  or  Scotch  Thistle.     Grand  Rapids;  Detroit,  O.  A. 
Farwell.     Rare. 

CENTAUREA  L. 

2241.  C.  Cyanus  L.    Blue-bottle.    Escaped  from  gardens. 

2242.  C.  nigra  L.    Black  Knapweed.     Centaury.  /  Bay  City,  G.  M.  Bradford. 

ECHINOPSIS. 

2243.  E.  sphaerocephalus  L.     Well   established    at  Three    Rivers,  C.   F.  Wheeler. 
Grand  Rapids,  H.  C.  S  keels.     Introduced  from  Europe  as  a  plant  for  bees. 


INDEX. 


Page. 

Abele 67 

Abies    39 

Abutilon   100' 

Acacia,  False  92 

Three-thorned    91 

Acalypha  96 

Acanthaceae    122 

Acanthus  Family   122 

Aceracese  98 

Acer 98 

Acerates   112 

Achillea   134 

Achroanthes   66 

Acnida    74 

Acorns  58 

Actsea    78 

Actinomeris    133 

Adam-and-Eve  66 

Adder's-Mouth    66 

Tongue    34,  61 

Adenocaulon  132 

Adder's-Tongue  Family  —    61 
Adder's-Tongue,  Yellow  ...    61 

Adiantum  37 

Adicea 71 

Adlumia    81 

Adopogon   126 

-Esculus   98 

Agassiz,    Louis,    Catalogue 

of   9 

Agastache    115 

Agrimonia  88 

Agrimony   88 

Agropyron    49 

Agrostemma    75 

Agrostis  46 

Ailanthus    93 

Aizoaceaa 74 

Ajuga    115 

Alder   69 

Black    97 

Green  or  Mountain  —    69 

Smooth    69 

Speckled  or  Hoary 69 

Aletris    61 

Alexanders    106 

Alfalfa    92 

Alfilarilla  94 

Alisma    42 

Alismaceae    42 

Allionia   74 

Allium    61 

Almendinger,    Miss    E.    C., 

regarding  flora  9 

Alnus    69 

Alopecurus  45 

Alsine    .75,  76 

Althaea    99 

Alum-root    85 

Alyssum   84 

Amaranthacess 74 

Amaranth    74 

Amaranth  Family    74 

Amaranthus    74 

18 


Page. 

Amaryllidaceae    63 

Amaryllis  Family  63 

Ambrosia  127 

Ambrosiaceae  127 

Amelanchier    89 

Ammophila    46 

Amorpha 92 

Ampelopsls    99 

Aniphicarpsea  94 

Anacardiaceae   97 

Anagallis    110 

Anaphalis    131 

Androtaeda   108 

Andropogon   42 

Androsace   108 

Anemone   78 

False   Rue   78 

Long-fruited   78 

Rue   78 

Wind    78 

Wood    78 

Anemonella  78 

Angelica    104 

Anonacese  77 

Antennaria   131 

Anthemis    134 

Anthoxanthum   44 

Anychia    76 

Apera  46 

Aphyllon   122 

Apios   94 

Aplectrum  66 

Apocynaceae   Ill 

Apocynum   112 

Apple  Family  89 

Apple 

American  Crab  89 

Cultivated    89 

May   80 

of  Peru  117 

Thorn    118 

Aquilegia  78 

Arabis    83 

Araceae   58 

Aralia    104 

Araliaceae  104 

Arbor  Vitae  39 

Arbutus,  Trailing 108 

Arceuthobium    71 

Archangelica    104 

Arctium  135 

Arctostaphylos  108 

Arenaria    76 

Arethusa    65 

Argentina  87 

Arisaema 58 

Aristolochia    71 

Aristolochiaceae  71 

Aristida    44 

Arnica   135 

Aronia  89 

Arrhenatherum   46 

Arrow-head  42 

wood    123,  124 


Page. 

Artemisia  134 

Artichoke,  Jerusalem  133 

Arum,  Arrow  58 

Dragon   58 

Arum  Family  58 

Arum,  Water 58 

Asarum    71 

Asclepiadaceae   112 

Asclepias  112 

Ash,  American  Mountain..    89 

Black  110 

Blue    110 

Green  110 

Northern  Prickly  95 

Prickly   95 

Red   110 

White    110 

Asimina 77 

Asparagus  62 

Aspen   67 

American    68 

Large-tooth  67 

Asphodel,  False  60 

Aspidium  36 

Asplenium    37 

Asprella   50 

Aster  129,  130,  131 

Atheropogon   47 

Astragalus   92 

Atragene   79 

Atriplex   73 

Avena   46 

Avens,  Purple   88 

Water  88 

White 88 


Bailey,  L.  H.,  as  collector.  4 
Bailey,      L.      H.,      Carices 

Keweenaw  Penin 10 

Bailey,    L.    H.,    plants    at 

South   Haven   9 

Balsaminaceae    98 

Balsam 39 

Wild  Apple  125 

Baneberry  78 

Red   78 

WThite    78 

Baptisia   91 

Barbarea   82 

Barberry    80 

Barberry  Family  80 

Barley   50 

Barren    Soil    Indicated    by 

Plants    16 

Bartonia    Ill 

Basil  117 

Basswood  8 

Batrachium  J79 

Bayberry  67 

Beal,   W.   J.,   as  author   of 

this  work  3 

Beal,W.  J.,  Flora  of  Sandy 

Pine  Plains 16 


138 


INDEX. 


Page. 

Bean,  Sacred  93 

Wild    93 

Bearberry    108 

Beardslee,    H.    C.,    List   of 

Cheboygan  Plants 11 

Beard-tongue  119 

Beaver-Poison 106 

Bedstraw,  Northern    123 

Rough   123 

Small  123 

Sweet-scented    123 

Bee-Balm    116 

Beech    69 

American    69 

Blue  or  Water  69 

Beech-drops   122 

Bee  Plants  24,  84 

Beggar-tricks,  Common.  133,  134 

Swamp    133 

Bellflower    125 

Marsh  125 

Tall    125 

Bellwort    61 

Benjamin-bush    80 

Benzoin   80 

Berberidacese   80 

Berberis 80 

Bergamot   116 

Berry,  Pigeon   74 

Berula   106 

Betula 69 

Betulaceae    69 

Bibliography    9 

Bicuculla  81 

Bidens   133 

Bignoniaceae 122 

Bilberry    109 

Bindweed    112 

Black    72 

Hedge 72 

Birch    69 

Black   69 

Cherry    69 

Dwarf  69 

Low    69 

Paper  or  Canoe 69 

White   69 

Yellow  or  Gray 69 

Birthroot  62 

Birthwort  Family    71 

Bishop's  Cap  85 

Bitter-nut    67 

Bittersweet    118 

Climbing  or-  Shrubby ...    97 

Bitted- weed   127 

Birthwort    71 

Birthwort  Family  71 

Blackberry,      Common      or 

High    87 

Low    87 

Running  Swamp  86,  87 

Bladder  Ketmia  100 

Bladder-nut    .• 98 

Bladderwort  Family 121 

Bladderwort    121 

Blazing-Star 60,  128 

Blephariglottis  65 

Blephilia    116 

Elite,  Strawberry  73 

Blodgett,  H.  T.,  Plants  of 

Mason  County   10 

Blitum    73 

Blood-root    80 

Bloodwort  Family  80 

Blueberry,  Canada  109 

Dwarf    109 

Low    109 

Swamp    109 

Blue  Bells    125 

BTue-bottle    136 

Blue-eyed  Mary  119 

Blue  Grass,   Kentucky    48 

Blue-hearts   120 

Bluets  123 

Blue-weed    .114 


Page. 

Boehmeria   71 

Boneset    128 

Borage  Family  113 

Borraginacese     113 

Borago    114 

Botrychium    35 

Bouncing  Bet   75 

Bouteloua    47 

Bowman's  Root  86 

Box-Elder    98 

Brachyactis   131 

Brachyelytrum   45 

Bradford,    G.    M.,    as    Col- 
lector        5 

Brake  35,  36,  37 

Cliff 37 

Rock    37 

Bramble  37,  86,  87 

Brasenia 76 

Brassica   81,  82 

Brauneria    132 

Britton,   N.    L.. Manual  fol- 
lowed     5,  9 

Briza   48 

Bromus    49 

Brooklime,  American  120 

Broom-rape  Family  122 

Broom-rape    122 

Brook-weed    109 

Brotherton,  W.  K.,  as  Col- 
lector        5 

Brunella   (see  Prunella)...  116 

Buchnera    120 

Buckbean m 

Buckeye,   Ohio   98 

Buckthorn    98 

Buckthorn  Family  98 

Buckwheat    72 

Buckwheat   Family   72 

Buckwheat,  Clambing. 

False  72,  73 

Buda  76 

Buffalo-berry     102 

Bugbane   78 

Bugle-weed   '. 115,  117 

Bugloss,   Viper's  114 

Bug-seed    74 

Bulrush    59,   60 

Bunch-berry    106 

Bunch-flower  Fajnily 60 

Burdock    135 

Burnet,   Canadian,   Great..    88 

Burning-Bush    97 

Bursa    83 

Burt,  W.  A.,  Catalogue  of.      9 

Bush-Clover    93 

Strawberry   .*. 97 

Butter  and  Eggs  119 

Buttercup    79 

Butterfly-weed  112 

Butternut    67 

Butter-weed  135,  136 

Butterwort    121 

Button-bush    123 

Buttonwood   86 


Cabbage,  Skunk  124 

Cacalia    135 

Cactaceae  102 

Cactus  Family   102 

Caesalphinaceae  91 

Cakile   81 

Calamagrostis    46 

Calamintha 117 

Calamint 117 

Calamovilf a   46 

Calamus  58 

Calceolaria 102 

Calla    58 

Callitrichacese   96 

Callitriche    96 

Calopogon     65 

Caltha    77 

Calypso    66 


|  Page. 

Camassia 61 

Camelina    59,  83 

Cammelinaceae    59 

Camomile  134 

Campanula    125 

Campanula  Family   125 

Campanulaceae    125 

Campbell,  D.  H.,  Plants  of 

Detroit  river      9 

Campion,  Bladder  75 

Campion,  Starry  75 

White    75 

Camptosorus    37 

Cancer-root    122 

Cannabis   71 

Caper  Family    84 

Capnoides    81 

Capparidacese    84 

Caprifoliaceae    123 

Capriola   

Capsella   83 

Caraway    106 

Cardamine    82 

Cardinal-flower 125 

Carduus    135,  136 

Carex    53 

Carnation  75 

Carpet- weed  74 

Carpinus   69 

Carrion-Flower  63 

Carrot  104 

Carrot  Family    104 

Carum    }06 

Carya  67 

Caryophyllacese    75 

Cassandra     108 

Cassia  91 

Castalia  77 

Catalpa    122 

Castanea    69 

Castilleia    121 

Cat-brier    63 

Catchfly   75 

Night-flowering    75 

Sweet-William    75 

Sleepy  ' 75 

Catgut   92 

Cat-Mint    115 

Catnep    115 

Cat-tail    40 

Cat-tail   Family   40 

Caulophyllum    80 

Ceanothns  99 

Cedar,  Red  40 

White    39 

Celandine    80 

Celastracese  97 

Celastrus    97 

Celtis     70 

Cenchrus    44 

Centaurea   136 

Centaury  110,  136 

Cephalanthus    123 

Cerastium   76 

Ceratophyllaceae    77 

Ceratophyllum    77 

Cercis    91 

Chaenorrhinum    119 

Chaerophyllum    105 

Chaetochloa   44 

Chamsedaphne    108 

Chaetochloa    44 

Chamaelirium  60 

Chamaenerion    103 

Chamomile,  Wild    134 

Charlock,  English  82 

Cheat    49 

Chelone    119 

Chelidonium    80 

Chenopodiaceae   73 

Chenopodium  73 

Cherry,    Black    91 

Choke   91 

Dwarf   91 

Ground    118 


INDEX. 


139 


Page. 

Cherry,   Red   91 

Sand    91 

Chervil    105 

Chess,   Wild    49 

Chestnut    69 

Chickweed  76 

Field  76 

Forked   76 

Larger  Mouse-ear  76 

Mouse-ear    76 

Chicory    126 

Chicory  Family  126 

Chimaphila   107 

Chinquapin,   Water   77 

Chiogenes    109 

Choke-berry    89 

Chrysanthemum    134 

Chrysopogon   42 

Chrysosplenium    85 

Cichoriaceae    126 

Cichorium   126 

Cicuta 106 

Cimicif uga     78 

Cinque-foil,  Common   88 

Marsh   87 

Shrubby 87 

Silvery  88 

Tall  87 

Three-toothed   87 

Cinna    45 

CiTcsea   103 

Cistaceae  100 

Cladium    53 

Clammy-weed    84 

Clark,  H.  L.,  Notes  on  the 

Flora  of  Eaton  Co 10 

Claytonia    74 

Clearweed   71 

Cleavers    123 

Climate    12 

Clematis  78,  79 

Cleome    84 

Clinopodium    117 

Clintonia    62 

Clotbur    128 

Clover    92 

Alsike    92 

Bush   93 

Low  Hop    92 

Mammoth  92 

Prairie  92 

Rabbit-foot  or  Stone...    92 

Red   92 

Running  Buffalo   92 

Sweet  92 

White    92 

Yellow  or  Hop  92 

Club-Moss    38 

Club-Moss    Family    38 

Cnicus    135,  136 

Cockle  75 

Cocklebur    128 

Coeloglossum 64 

Coffee-tree,  Kentucky  91 

Cohosh    78 

Black   78 

Blue  80 

Cole,    Miss    Emma    J.,    as 

Collector    4 

Cole,    Miss   Emma   J.,   List 
of    Plants     Collected     in 
and  about  Grand  Rapids.    10 
Coleman,  N.,  Catalogue  of.      9 

Colic-root   61 

Collinsia    119 

Collinsonia    117 

Coltsfoot    135 

Sweet  135 

Columbine  ? 78 

Columbo,  American  Ill 

Comandra 71 

Comarum    87 

Comf rey    114 

Wild    .  ..113 


Page. 

Commelina  83 

Comparison     of     trees     of 
Michigan    with    those    of 

other  countries    132 

Compass-Plant    128 

Composite   found   on   Pine 

Plains   17 

Composite  Family  128 

Comptonia    67 

Cone-flower,  Purple  132 

Coniferae    39 

Conioselinum  105 

Conium   106 

Conopholis    122 

Conringia   81 

Contents    7 

Convallariaceae   62 

Convolvulaceae  112 

Convolvulus  112 

Convolvulus  Family  112 

Cooley,  D.,  Catalogue  of....      9 
Cooper,  W.  S.,  as  Collector     5 

Coptis    78 

Coral-berry   124 

Corallorhiza  66 

Coral-root    66 

Cockle,  Corn   75 

Cord-Grass,    Fresh-water..      47 

Coreopsis   133,  134 

Corispermum   74 

Cornaceae    106 

Cornel    106 

Dwarf    107 

Panicled   107 

Silky   106 

Corn   Salad    125 

Cornus    106 

Corpse-plant   107 

Corydalis    81 

Golden    81 

Pale  81 

Corylus    69 

Cotton-wood   67 

Cowbane,   Spotted    105 

Cowberry    87 

Cow-herb   75 

Cowslip,  American   110 

Virginian 114 

Cow- Wheat   121 

Crab-grass    43 

Cracca   92 

Cranberry  43 

Large  or  American  ....  109 

Small    109 

Cranberry-tree    124 

Cranesbill    94 

Crassulaceae   85 

Cratsegus   90 

Creeper,  Virginia    99 

Crepis    127 

Cress,  Bitter   79,  82 

Balbous    82 

Cow    81 

Lake    82 

Marsh  79 

Purple 82 

Rock    79,  81,   83: 

Small  Bitter  79 

Spring   79 

True  Water  79,  82 

Water    79 

Winter  82 

Yellow 82 

Crosswart  110 

Crotalaria   91 

Crowberry  Family   97 

Crowberry,  Black  97 

Crowfoot    79 

Crowfoot  Family   77 

Crowfoot,  Bristly   •.    79 

Bulbous  79 

Common  White  Water.    79 

Cursed    79 

Early    79 


Page. 

Crowfoot,  Hooked   79 

Rock   79 

Sea-side  79 

Small-flowered   . ,  .79 

Stiff  Water  ..  79 

Tall  I!    79 

Yellow  Water  79 

Cruciferae   81 

Cryptogramma    37 

Cryptotaenia    106 

Cuckoo  Flower 82 

Cucumber    125 

Cucumber-root,  Indian  ....    62 

Cucurbitaceae  125 

Cudweed    132 

Low    132 

Purplish    132 

Culver's-root  120 

Cup,  Plant  132 

Cupuliferae  69 

Currant,  Fetid  86 

Indian   124 

Red   86 

Wild  Black  86 

Cuscutaceae   11? 

Cuscuta   113 

Custard-apple  Family  77 

Cut-grass,  Rice   44 

Cycloloma   73 

Cymbalaria  119 

Cynanchum    112 

Cynodon 47 

Cynoglossum    113 

Cynosurus   48 

Cyperaceae    50 

Cyperus    50 

Cypripedium   64 

Cystopteris   36 


Dactylis  48 

Daisy,  Ox-eye  134 

White   134 

Dalibarda 87 

Dandelion    126 

Dwarf    126 

Fall  126 

Daniels,  Francis  P.,  as  Col- 
lector        5 

Daniels,   Francis   P.,   Flora 
of  the  Vicinity  of  Manis- 

tee  10 

Daniels,   Francis   P.,    Ecol- 
ogy    of     the     Flora     of 

Sturgis  -and  vicinity 10 

Danthonia  46 

Darnel   49 

Dasiphora   87 

Dasystoma    120 

Datura    -, 118 

Daucus    104 

Davis,  C.  A.,  The  Flora  of 

Michigan  Lakes  '  10 

Davis,     C.     A.,     Flora     of 

Tuscola  County  10 

Davis,     C.     A.,     Botanical 

Notes  on  Huron  Co 10 

Davis,  C.  A.,  Herbarium  of     5 
Davis,    Geo.     W.,    as    Col- 
lector        5 

Day-flower  83 

Decodon    102 

Deerberry   108 

Deer-grass  102 

Dennstsedtia 35 

Dentaria    83 

Deringa   106 

Deschampsia  46 

Desmodium   93 

Dewberry    87 

Dewey,  L.   H.,   List  of  Te- 

cumseh  Plants 11 

Dianthera   122 

Dianthus  75 


140 


INDEX. 


Page. 

Diarrhena    48 

Dicentra  81 

Dicksonia    35 

Diervilla  124 

Dioscorea   63 

Dioscoreaceae   63 

IMplotaxis   82 

Dipsaceae  125 

Dipsacus    125 

Dirca   102 

Distribution  of  Plants   12 

Dock 72 

Bitter    9. 

Broad-leaved  

Curled  

Narrow   2 

Pale  9. 

Patience   

Prairie  132 

Swamp    72 

White    72 

Dockmackie    123 

Dodder 113 

Dodecatheon    110 

Dodge,  C.  K.,  as  Collector.      5 
Dodge,  C.  K.,  List  of  Port 

Huron  Plants   10 

Flora  of  St.  Clair  Co.   .    10 

Doellingeria    131 

Dogbane   112 

Dogbane  Family   Ill 

Dogwood  Family  106 

Dogwood,  Flowering 107 

Poison    97 

Round-leaved   107 

Draba   83 

Dracocephalum    116 

I  >rngon-head    116 

False    116 

Dragon-root  58 

Drosera   84 

Droseracae 84 

Drupaceae    90 

Drymocallus   87 

Duck's-meat   58 

Duckweed    58 

Duckweed  Family  58 

Dulichium  51 

Dutchman's  Breeches   81 


Eagle  Fern  37 

Eatonia    47 

Echinacea   132 

Echinochloa   43 

Echinocystis   125 

Echinodorus    42 

Echinops    136 

Echinospermum    114 

Echium  114 

Ecology    3 

Elaeagnaceae   102 

Elder    123 

Marsh   127 

Red-berried    123 

Wild    104 

Elecampane 132 

Eleocharis   51,  52 

Eleusine   47 

Elm   70 

American    70 

Cork  70 

Red   70 

Rock    .70 

Slippery  70 

Elodea  42,  100 

Elymus  '  50 

Einpetracese   97 

Empetrum  97 

Epigsea   108 

Epilobium    103 

Epiphegus     122 

Equisetacese  38 

Equisetum  38 


Page. 

Ei-agrostis  47 

Erechtites   135 

Ericaceae    108 

Ericaceae.    Found    on    Pine 

Plains 17 

Erigenia   106 

Erigeron 131 

Driocaulaceae   59 

Eriocaulon    59 

Eriophorum   52 

Erodium   94 

Eryngium  105 

Erysimum   83 

Erythraea    110 

Erythronium    61 

Euonymus  97 

Eupatorium    128 

Euphorbia  96 

Euphorbiaceae   96 

Euphrasia   121 

Euthamia  129 

Evening  Primrose 103 

Evening  Primrose  Family.  102 

Everlasting,  Pearly  132 

Eyebright  121 


Fagopyrum   72 

Eagaceae   69 

Fagus   69 

Falcata  94 

False  Heather    100 

False  Mermaid  Family  ....    97 
Families  of  Plants  not  rep- 
resented    on     the     Pine 

Plains  17 

Families,  Sequence  of 5 

Farwell,     O.     A.,     List     of 

Plants  of  Detroit  10 

Farwell,  O.  A.,  as  Collector     5 

Fennel    105 

Fennel-flower  80 

Fennel,  Dog  134 

Fern,  Beech  36 

Chain  37 

Christmas   36 

Cinnamon    35 

Flowering    35 

Male  36 

Sensitive   35 

Shield   36 

Fertile    Soil,    Plants    Indi- 
cating       18 

Fertile    Soil    Indicated    by 

Plants  18 

Fescue,  Meadow 49 

Taller   ,49 

Sheep's   49 

Festuca  49 

Fever-bush   80 

Fever-wort   124 

Fig,  Indian  102 

Figwort  Family  119 

Figwort  115,  119 

Filbert  69 

Filices  34,  35,  36 

Filix    36 

Fimbristylis    51 

Finger-Grass    42,  43 

Fir,  Balm  of  Gilead 39 

Balsam   39 

Fire  Pink   75 

Fireweed    135 

Five-Finger,  Marsh 87,  88 

Flag,  Blue 63 

Cat-tail  40 

Sweet  58 

Flax  95 

False    83 

Flax   Family 95 

Fleabane,  Common  131 

Daisy   131 

Flixweed    83 

Floating   Heart    Ill 


:>  : 


Page. 

Floerkea  97 

Flora,'  Eastern   and   West- 
ern Sides  Contrasted   ...    20 

Flora  of  Pine  Plains  16 

Flower-de-Luce  63 

Fceniculum  105 

Foprste,    A.    F.,    Plants    of 

Belle   Isle   9 

Fog-fruit   115 

Forage  Plants    23 

Forget-rne-not    114 

Foster.  J.  W.,  Catalogue  of     9 

Four-o'clock   74 

Four-o'clock  Family  74 

Foxglove,  Downy  False   ...  120 

Smooth  False   120 

Foxtail,  Meadow  45 

Fragaria  87 

Frasera    Ill 

Fraxinus    110 

Fringed-Orchis,  Ragged  ...    65 

Frost-weed   100 

Kuirena    52 

Fumaria  * .    81 

Fumariaceae  80 

Fumitory  Family   80 

Fumitory,  Climbing  81 

Galeopsis  116 

Galeorchis  64 

Gale,  Sweet   67 

Galinsoga  134 

Galium    123 

Garlic,  Wild   61 

Gaultheria    108 

Gaura   103 

Gaylussacia    108 

Gentianacese   110 

Gentian  Family   110 

Gentian,   Closed    Ill 

Fringed   Ill 

Horse    124 

Smaller  Fringed  Ill 

Soapwort    Ill 

Spurred    Ill 

Gentiana  Ill 

Geraniaceae   94 

•  Geranium    94 

i  Geranium  Family   94 

'Gerardia    120 

Purple      120 

Slender  121 

Germander,  American  115 

Geum   88 

Gillenia    86 

!  Gill-over-the-Ground   115 

i  Ginger,  Wild  71 

I  Ginseng  Family  104 

j  Ginseng   104 

Dwarf    104 

Glecoma 115 

I  Gleditsia   91 

i  Globe  Flower  77 

j  Glyceria    48 

!  Gnaphalium   132 

;  Goafs-beard    126 

Goat's  Rue  92 

Golden-rod   129 

Golden  Seal  77 

Goldthread  78 

Three-leaved  78 

Good-King-Henry  73 

Goodyera    66 

Gooseberry   Family    86 

Gooseberry,  Missouri  86 

Swamp 86 

Goosefoot  Family  73 

•  Goosefoot  73,  125 

Maple-leaved 73 

Oak-leaved   73 

Gourd  Family  125 

!  Gramineae   17,  42 

i  Grape    99 

I         Sumnrer  99 


INDEX. 


141 


Page. 

<iraphephorum  48 

Grass  Family   42 

Grass,   Arrow   42 

Barnyard   43 

Beard   42 

Bent    «...  46 

Bermuda    47 

Black   60 

Blue   48 

Blue-eyed   63 

Blue- Joint  46 

Bottle   60 

Bottle-brush    50 

Brome    49 

Brown  Bent   46 

Bur    44 

Canary    44 

Cockspur  43 

Cord    47 

Cotton   52 

Couch    49 

Crab  43 

Deer    102 

Dog's-tail 47,  48 

Drop-seed  45 

Eel   42 

English  Blue   49 

Feather   45 

Fescue   49 

Fiorin    46 

Fowl  Meadow  48 

Foxtail  44,  45 

Goose   123 

Grama   47 

Hair  46 

Holy    44 

Hungarian    44 

Indian   42 

June    48 

.     Knot   72 

Lyme   50 

Manna  48 

Meadow 48,  49 

Millet   44,  45 

Oat 45,  46 

Old-witch  43 

Orchard    48 

Panic    43 

of  Parnassus   85 

Pepper  81 

Pigeon    44 

Porcupine  45 

Quack   49 

Quaking 48 

Quick    49 

Quitch   49 

Rattlesnake   48 

Ray  49 

Red  Top   46,  47 

Reed    47 

Reed  Canary 44 

Rush   45 

Rye   49 

Sand   47 

Sand-Reed   46 

Scorpion   114 

Spear   48 

Squirrel-tail    to 

Star   63 

Stink    47 

Sweet   Vernal    44 

Thin    46 

Triple-awned    44 

White    44 

Whitlow   83 

Wire   47,  48 

Wood  Reed 45 

Yard    47 

Yellow-eyed    63 

Gratiola   120 

Gray,   Dr.   Asa,   on   Causes 
for     Distribution      of 

Trees    22 

Manual  of  Botany  Con- 
sulted      9 


Page. 

Greenbrier    *  63 

Common   63 

Grindelia 128 

Gromwell    114 

Corn    114 

False    114 

Ground-nut   94 

Grossulariacese   86 

Ground  Pine   38 

Groundsel    135 

Gum-plant  128 

Gymnandeniopsis  64 

Gymnocladus    91 

Gypsophila   75 

Gyrostachys   65 


Ilabenaria   64,  65 

Hackberry  70 

Melenia    Ill 

Haloragidace®    104 

Ilamamelidacese   ..- 86 

Hamamelis  86 

Harbinger-of-Spring   106 

Hardback  86 

Harebell   125 

Harrington,  M.  W.,  Herba- 
rium of  11 

Hartmannia    103 

Haw,  Black  124 

Hawkbit  126 

I  lawksbeard    t 127 

llawkweed  126,  127 

Long-bearded 

Hawthorn   90 

Hazel-nut   69 

Beaked    69 

WTild    69 

Heal-all   116 

Heart's-ease    101 

Heath  Family  108 

Hedeoma  116 

Hedgehog-grass    44 

Helenium    134 

llelianthemum    100 

Helianthus   133 

Heliopsis   132 

Hemerocallis    61 

Hemicarpha  53 

Hemlock  39 

Ground   40 

Parsley  103 

Poison   106 

Water   106 

Hemp   71, 

Indian   112 

Hemp-Nettle   116 

Hemp- weed,  Climbing  128 

Henbane,  Black   118 

Hepatica    78 

Heracleum 105 

Herbaria  Consulted    10 

Herbarium     of    Alma    Col- 
lege, made  by  O.  J.  Stil- 

well  and  C.  A.  Davis 10 

Herbarium      of      Geo.      L. 

Ames    11 

W.  J.  Beal  11 

Dr.  D.  Clark  10 

Miss  Mary  H.  Clark....    11 

G.  F.  Comstock   11 

Dr.  D.  Cooley  10 

C.  A.   Davis  11 

M.  W.  Harrington 11 

G.  H.  Hicks  11 

Dr.  D.  Houghton   11 

Geo.  D.  Sonee  11 

State  University  notic- 
ed      H 

F.  E.  Wood  11 

Herb   Robert   94 

Herd's-Grass    45 

Hesperis    84 

Heteranthera 59 

Heuchera 85 


Page. 

Hyssop    U7 

Hibiscus    100 

Hicks,    G.    H.,    Herbarium 

of    11 

Hicks,  G.  H.,  as  collector..      5 
Hicks,     G.     H.,     New    and 
Rare  Plants  of  Michigan    10 

Hickory,  Shag-bark  67 

Hicoria  67 

Hieracium  127 

Hierochloe    44 

Hill,   E.   J.,  Plants   of  Me- 

nominee  Region  9 

Hill,   E.   J.,   Flora  of  Lake 

Superior  Region  9 

Hippocastanaceae   98 

Hippuris    104 

Hobble-bush   123 

Hog-weed   127 

Holly   Family    97 

Holly    97 

Mountain   97 

Homalocenchrus 44 

Honeysuckle  Family   123 

Honeysuckle    '124 

Fly    124 

Honewort  106 

Hop  70 

Hop-Hornbean   69 

American    69 

Hop-tree    95 

Hordeum   50 

Horehound    115 

Water  117 

Hornbeam   69 

American    69 

Hornwort  Family   77 

Hornwort  75,  106 

Horse-brier   63 

Horse-chestnut  98 

Horseradish  82 

Horsetail   Family  38 

Horsetail  38 

Horseweed    131 

Houghton,    Dr.    D.,    Herba- 
rium of  11 

Hound's  Tongue  113 

Houstonia     123 

Huckleberry  108 

Black 108 

Hudsonia   100 

Hull,  W.  C.,  List  of  Albion 

Plants    11 

Humulus   70 

Huntman's  Cup  84 

Hyacinth,  Grape  61 

Wild  61 

Hydrastis    77 

Hydrocotyle   106 

Hydrophyllacese   113 

Hydrophyllum   113 

Hypericacea?   100 

Hypericum   100 

Hypopitys   108 

Hypoxys     63 

Hyssopus  117 

Hyssop     117 

Giant    115 

Hedge   120 

Hyoscyamus    118 

Hystrix    50 


Iberis    81 

Ilex   97 

Ilicaceae   97 

Iliciodes    97 

Ilysanthes  120 

Impatiens  98 

Imperatoria   105 

Indian  Physic  86 

Indigo,  False    91 

White   91 

Wild    91 

Innocence  123 


142 


INDEX. 


Page. 

lonidium    .  102 

Inula   132 

Ipomoea    113 

Iridacese   63 

Iris    63 

Lake  Dwarf  63 

Iris  Family 63 

Iron-weed    128 

Iron-wood    69 

Isnardia  102 

Isoetacese   39 

Isoetes   39 

Isopyrum    78 

Isotria   65 

Iva  127 

Ivy,  American  99 

Kenilworth    119 

Poison    97 


Jamestown-Weed    118 

Jeffersonia    80 

Jewel-weed    98 

Joe-Pye  Weed 128 

Jointweed   73 

Judas-tree  91 

Juglandaceae   67 

Juglans    67 

Juncacese    59 

Juncoides    60 

Juncus   59 

June-berry    89 

Juniperus    40 

Juniper    40 


Kalmia   108 

King-nut   67 

Kinnikinnik    86 

Knawel    76 

Kneiffla  103 

Knotweed  73 

Koeleria    47 

Kcellia   117 

Kofoid,  C.  A.,  List  of  Che- 

boygan  Plants    11 

Korycarpus  60 

Krigia    126 

Kuhnia  128 

Kuhnistera    92 

Kyllinga  51 


Labiatae   115 

Labrador  Tea  108 

Lacinaria    128 

Lactuca    126 

Ladies'  Tresses  65 

Lady's  Slipper   64 

Larger  Yellow 64 

Showy    64 

Smaller  Yellow    64 

Stemless 64 

Small  White 64 

Lady's  Thumb 72 

Lambkill    108 

Lamb's-Quarters    73 

Lamium 116 

Laportea    71 

Lappula 114 

Lapsana   126 

Larch    39 

American  or  Black   —    39 

Larix   39 

Lathyrus  94 

Lauraceae   80 

Laurel  Family   80 

Laurel,  American  108 

Ground  108 

Sheep    108 

Lead-plant   92 

Leaf-cup    132 

Leather-leaf   108 

Leatherwood    102 

Lechea  101 


Page. 

Ledum    108 

Leek,    Wild    61 

Leersia   44 

Leguminosae  91 

Lemnaceae   58 

Lemna   58 

Lentibulariaceae   121 

Leontodon    126 

Leonurus    116 

Lepachys    132 

Lepidium  81 

Leptamium    122 

Leptandra 120 

Leptilon    131 

Leptorchis    66 

Lespedeza    93 

Lettuce   126,  127 

Florida    126 

Prickly     127 

Wild    126 

Leucophysaiis   118 

Lever-wood* 69 

Liatris   128 

Lilac   110 

Liliaceae  61 

Lilium    61 

Lily  Family   61 

Lily  61 

Day    61 

Turk's  Cap  61 

Water  Tuber-bearing  ..    77 

Wild  Yellow   61 

Yellow  Pond    77 

Wild  Orange-red  61 

Lily-of-the- Valley    62 

False    62 

Limnanthaceae  97 

Limnanthemum    Ill 

Limnorchis    64 

Limodorum    65 

Limosella    120 

Linacese    95 

Linaria  119 

Linden   99 

Linden  Family 99 

Lindera   80 

Linnaea     124 

Linum 95 

Liparis    66 

Lippia 115 

Liquorice,  Wild  123 

Liriodendron    77 

Listera    65 

Lithospermum   114 

Live-f  or-ever    85 

Liver-leaf  78 

Livingston,  Burton  E.,  The 
Distribution  of  the  Plant 

Societies  of  Kent  Co 10 

Livingston,  Burton  E.,  The 
Relation  of  Soils  to  Nat- 
ural Vegetation  10 

Lizard's-tail    67 

Lobeliaceae     125 

Lobelia  Family  125,  126 

Lobelia,  Great   126 

Water    125 

Locust,   Clammy   92 

Common   92 

False  Acacia 92 

Honey    91 

Locust-tree  92 

Lolium    49 

Longyear,  B.  O.,.  as  Col- 
lector   4 

Lonicera    124 

Looking-glass,  Venus's   125 

Loosestrife  Family    102 

Loosestrife    102,110 

Swamp    102 

Tufted   110 

Lophanthus    115 

Lopseed   122 

Loranthaceae    71 

Lotus  77 


Page. 

Lousewort    121 

Lucerne     92 

Ludwigia   102,  103 

Lungwort   114 

Lupine,  Wild  91 

Lupinus    91 

Luzula   60 

Lychnis    75 

Evening    75 

Lycium   118 

Lycopodiaceae    38 

Lycopus    ; 117 

Lycopodium     38 

Lyonia    108 

Lyons.     A.     B.,     Medicinal 

Plants    9 

Lysias    64 

Lysiella   65 

Lysimachia    109,  110 

Lythracese    102 

Ly thrum    102 


Macoun,     John,    Catalogue 

of  Canadian  Plants  10 

Madder  Family    123 

Maianthemum    62 

Maidenhair   37 

Magnoliaceae   77 

Magnolia  Family    77 

Mallow   97 

Mallow   Family    99 

Mallow,   Common    99 

Curled    99 

High   99 

Musk    99 

Rose  100 

Swamp  Rose    100 

Malus    S9 

Malvaceae   99 

Malva   99 

Mandrake  80 

Man-of-the-Earth    113 

Maple  Family 98 

Maple    98 

Ash-leaved   98 

Black  Sugar  98 

Mountain    98 

Norway    98 

Red   98- 

Rock    98 

Striped   98 

White  or  Silver 98 

Mare's  Tail   104 

Mariana    136 

Marigold,   Bur    133 

Larger  Bur  133 

Marsh    77 

Smaller  Bur  133 

Marrubium    US 

Masterwort  105 

Matricaria    134 

Matrimony- Vine  118 

Matteuccia  35 

Matthiola   82 

May-apple   80 

May-weed    134 

McLouth,    C.    D.,    as    Col- 
lector     , . .  .      5 

Meadow-Beauty  Family  ...  102 

Meadow-Rue,   Early   79 

Purplish  79 

Tall    79 

Meadow-Sweet   62,  86 

Medeola 62 

Medicago  92 

Medick,  Black  92 

Meibomia    93 

Melampyrum    121 

Melanthaceae    60 

Melastomaceae    102 

Melilot,  Yellow    92 

White   92 

Melilotus  92 

Menispermaceae   80 


INDEX. 


143 


Page. 

Menispermum   80 

Mentha  117 

Menyanthaceae    Ill 

Menyanthes   Ill 

Mercury,  Th,ree-seeded    ...    96 

Mermaid,  False   104 

Mermaid-weed   104 

Mertensia  114 

Mesadenia    135 

Mexican  Tea    73 

Mezereon   Family    102 

Micrampelis  125 

Microstylis    6,6 

Mignonette    84 

Mikania  128 

Milkweed  Family   112 

Milkweed    112 

Green  112 

Purple   112 

Swamp    112 

Milkwort   95 

Milium    45 

Millet  45 

Miniulus     , 119 

Mint  Family  115 

Mint,    Corn    117 

Horse    116 

Mountain   117 

Wild    117 

Mistletoe  71 

Mistletoe  Family  71 

Mist-flower  128 

Mitchella    123 

Mitchell,     I.     N.,     List     of 

Michigan  Plants   11 

Mitella   85 

Mitre-wort   85 

False   85 

Moccason-flower   64 

Mocker-nut    / 67 

Moehringia    76 

Mollugo    74 

Monarda    116 

Moneses  107 

Moneywort    109.  110 

Monkey-flower   119 

Monotropa  107,  108 

Monotropacea?   107 

Moonseed    80 

Moonseed  Family    80 

Moonwort  108 

Moosewood    102 

Morning  Glory   112,  113 

Moraceae  70 

Morus   70 

Moseley,    E.    H.,   Plants   of 

Union  City  11 

Motherwort    116 

Mudwort    120 

Mugwort    134 

Muhlenbergia    45 

Mulberry   70 

Red   70 

White    70 

Mullein    119 

Moth  119 

Pink   75 

Musk-flower    119 

Muscari 61 

Musquash   Root    106 

Mustard  Family  81 

Mustard,  Black   82 

Hedge   81 

Indian   82 

Tansy    83 

Tower   83 

White 81 

Worm-seed   83 

Myrica   67 

Myricaceae  67 

Myriophyllum  104 

Myosotis    ; 114 


Nabalus   . 


127 


Page. 

Naiadaceae    40 

Naias   40 

Nasturtium   82 

Naumbergia    110 

Neckweed   120 

Negundo     98 

Nelumbo     77 

Nemopanthes   97 

Nepeta    115 

Nettle   Family    71 

Nettle    71 

Dead   116 

False   71 

Hedge    116 

Horse    118 

Wood    70 

Nettle  Tree   

Nicandra   117 

Nicotiana     118 

Nigella    80 

Nightshade    118 

Enchanter's    103 

Nightshade  Family   118 

Nimble  Will    45 

Nine-bark   86 

Nipplewort    126 

Nonesuch    92 

Northern  Plants  Found  on 
the     East     Side     of     the 

State  -20 

Nuphar  77 

Nyctaginaceae    74 

Nymphaea   77 

Nymphaeaceae   76 

Nyssa    107 


Oak  Family   70 

Oak    70 

Alexander's    70 

Black   70 

Bur    70 

Chestnut    70 

Dwarf  Chestnut    70 

Gray    70 

Hill's    70 

Jerusalem    73 

Laurel  70 

Over-cup  or  Mossy-cup.     70 

Pin 70 

Poison    97 

Red    70 

Scarlet  70 

Schneck's    70 

Shingle    70 

Spanish    70 

Swamp  White    70 

White    70 

Yellow    70 

Yellow-barked    70 

Oat  46 

Oats,  Water  44,  46 

Oat-grass  44 

(Enothera    108 

Oleaceae   110 

Oleaster  Family    102 

Olive  Family  110 

Onagra   103 

Onagraceae    102 

Onion,  Wild    61 

Onoclea    35 

Onopordon    136 

Onosmodium     114 

Ophioglossacea?  3 

Ophioglossum    34 

Opulaster   86 

Opuntia   102 

Orache  73 

Orchidficeffi    64 

Orchis  Family    64 

Orchis  64 

Crane-fly  66 

Fen   66 

Showy    64 


Page. 
'Orchis,   White,    Fringed....    65 

Yellow,   Fringed    65 

i  Orpine  Family  85 

1  Orpine   85 

Garden  85 

Orobanchaceae    122 

Orth,  S.  P.,  List  of  Plants 

of  Imlay  City  11 

Oryzopsis    45 

Osier,  Basket   .' 68 

Osmorrhiza    106 

Osmundaceae  35 

Osmunda   35 

Ostrya    69 

Overlapping     of     Northern 

and  Southern  Species 19 

Oxalidaceae  95 

Oxalis   95 

Ox-eye    132 

Oxycoccus    109 

Oxygraphis    79 

Oxyphabus   74 

Oxypolis    105 

Oyster  Plant  126 


Painted-cup    121 

Scarlet  121 

Palmer,  Elmore,  Catalogue 

of    ....      9 

Panicularia   48 

Panicum    43 

Pansy    101 

Papaveraceffi    80 

Papaver    80 

Papaw    77 

PapUionacese    91 

Pappoose-root    80 

Parnassia    85 

Parnassiaceae    85 

Parsnip  105,  106 

Water   106 

Parsley  Family   104 

Parthenocissus   99 

Pasque  Flower  78 

Paspalum   43 

Partridge-berry    123 

Pastinaca  105 

Pea  Family   91 

Pea,  Beach  94 

Marsh    94 

Pea-nut,  Hog  94 

Pear  89 

Pear,  Prickly    102 

Pearlwort    76 

Peclicularis    121 

Pellaea  37 

Peltandra  58 

Pennycress   81 

Pennyroyal,   American    —  116 

Penthonaceae    85 

Pennywort,   Water  106 

Penthorum   85 

Pentstemon    119 

Pepper  Family  67 

Peppergrass  81 

Pepperidge  107 

Peppermint  117 

Peramium   66 

Periwinkle    Ill 

Persicaria  72 

Perularia  64 

Petalostemon    92 

Petasites   135 

Petunia 118 

Phaca   92 

Phacelia   113 

Phalaris    44 

Phegopteris    36 

Philotria   

Phleum   45 

Phlox  113 

Phlox  Family   113 

Phragmites   47 

Phryma    122 


144 


INDEX. 


Page. 

Phrymaceae    122 

Physalis   118 

Physalodes   117 

Physocarpa    86 

Physostegia    116 

PbytolaccaceiB    94 

Phytolacca   74 

Picea    39 

Pickerel-weed    59 

Pickerel-weed  Family  59 

Picris    126 

Pieters,    A.    .7.,    Plants    of 

Lake  St.  Clair  10 

Pigeon-berry   74 

Pig-nut     67 

Pig- weed  73,  74 

Winged  73 

Pilea     71 

Pimpernel    110 

False    120 

Water   109 

Pimpinella    105 

Pine   Family    39 

Pine,  Ground 38 

Jack    39 

Norway    39 

Red    39 

Sap    108 

White    39 

Pine   Drops    107 

Pine  Plains,  Flora  of  16 

Pine-weed    100 

Pine-sap     108 

Pinguicula    121 

Pink   Family    75 

Pink     75 

Fire    75 

Ground  or  Moss   113 

Mullein    75 

Pinus   39 

Pinweed    101 

Pipe,  Indian    107 

Pipewort   Family    59 

Pipsissewa 107 

Pitcher  Plants   84 

Plane-tree   Family    c 

Plant,  Lead   92 

Plantaginacete  l^ 

Plantago    u* 

Plantain  Family  l^ 

Plantain   122,  128 

English    122 

Indian    135 

Mud    58 

Pale   Indian    135 

Rattlesnake   66 

Tuberous  Indian   13o 

Plant  Lists  Consulted,  Fur- 
nished by  : 

Beardslee,  H.  C 11 

Bradford,  G.  M 11 

Cooper,  W.  S 11 

Daniels,  F.  P 11 

Davis,  C.  A 11 

Dewey,  L.  H 11 

Dodge,  C.  K 11 

Farwell,  O.  A 11 

Foerste,  A.  F 11 

Hull,  W 11 

Kofoid,  C.  A 11 

Mitchell,  I.  N 11 

Moseley,  E.  H 11 

Orth,  S.  P 11 

Pepoon,  H.   S 11 

Stacey,  'I.  W 11 

St.  Johns 11 

Plants  for  bees   

Fast    disappearing    and 

how  28 

Immigrated     from     the 

Northeast  20 

Immigrated     from     the 

North  and  West  21 

Indicating  fertile  soil  ..    18 


Page. 
Plants   Overlapping  in   the 

G  River  Valley  19 

Platanaceaa   86 

Platanus    86 

Pleurisy-root    112 

Plum  Family    90 

Plum,  Cherry  90 

Wild  90,  91 

Yellow     90 

Poa   48 

Podophyllum    80 

Podostemaceae    84 

Podostemon    84 

Pogonia   65 

Poisonous  Plants    27 

Poke    74 

Pokeweed    74 

Pokeweed  Family    74 

Polanisia  .' 84 

Polemoniaceae    113 

Polycodium   108 

Polygala    95 

Polygalacese   95 

Polygonaceae   72 

Polygonatum  62 

Polygonella    73 

Polygonum    72 

Poly  podia  era?   35 

Polypodiuin    37 

Polypody    37 

Polymnia    132 

Polystichum    36 

Polytaenia    ,.-. 105 

Pomaceae   89 

Pondweed 40 

Pondweed  Family  %    40 

Pontederia    59 

Pontederiace;p   59 

Poplar    67 

Balsam    67 

Downy    68 

Necklace   67 

White    67 

Poppy  Family   80 

Poppy    80 

Celandine   80 

Populus    67 

Porteranthus    86 

Portulaca   74 

Portulacaceae   74 

Potato  Family    117 

Potomageton    40 

Potato-vine,  Wild   113 

Potentilla  87,  88 

Poterium    88 

Prairie,  Plants   19 

Prenanthes    127 

Primrose  Family  109 

Primrose,   Bird's-eye    109 

Evening    103 

Showy    103 

Primula  109 

Primulacese  109 

Prince's  Feather   72 

Prince's  Pine   107 

Proserpinaca    104 

Prunella   116 

Prunus  90 

Psilocarya  51 

Ptelea  95 

Pteridium    37 

Pteris    37 

Pterospora   107 

Puccinelia     49 

Puccoon 77 

of  the  Indians  114 

Yellow   77 

Pulsatilla    78 

Pulse  Family  91 

Purse,  Shepherd's 83 

Purslane  Family  74 

Purslane,  Marsh 102 

Putty-root  66 

Pycnanthemum    117 


Page. 

Pyrola    107 

One-flowered   107 

PyrolaceaB    107 

Pyrus    89 


>uamasia    61 

iueen  of  the  Prairie  88 

Juercitron    70 

>uercus    70 

Juillwort   39 


Radish   82 

Ragweed 127 

Ragwort,  Golden   135 

Ranunculaceaj    77 

Ranunculus  79 

Raphanus   82 

Raspberry,  Black    86 

Dwarf  86 

Purple  Flowering  87 

Wild  Red 86 

Ratibida   132 

Rattle-box   91 

Rattlesnake-Master    66 

Plantain   66 

Root   127 

Weed      127 

Razoumof skya   71 

Red-bud   91 

Red-osier   107 

Red-root  99,  114 

Red-top    46 

Reed,  Bur  40 

Reighard,   J.  E.,   Biological 
Examinations  of  Lake  St. 

Clair   10 

Reseda   84 

Resedaceae   84 

Rhamacese  98 

Rhamnus   -. . .    98 

Rheumatism-root    80 

Rhexia    102 

Rhinanthus 121 

Rhus    97 

Rhynchospora    53 

Ribes    86 

Ribgrass     122 

Ribwort  122 

Rice,   Indian  44 

Mountain   45 

Water   ' 44 

Richweed  71,  137 

Ripplegrass    122 

River-weed   84 

River-weed  Family  84 

Robinia    92 

Rocket,  Sand  82 

Yellow   82 

Rock-rose    100 

Rock-rose  Family       100 

Rocky   Mountain   Bee-plant    84 
Rominger,    C.,    Geology    of 

Lower   Peninsula    12 

Roripa  82 

Rosa  88,  89 

Rosacesa 17,  86 

Rosacea?,    Found    on    Pine 

Plains  - 17 

Rose  Family  86 

Rose,  Climbing 89 

Prairie  89 

Rosemary,  Wild  108 

Rosin-weed  132 

Rubiacese    123 

Rubus 86,  87 

Rudbeckia   132 

Rue  Family  95 

Goat's  92 

Ruellia  122 

Rumex  72 

Rutacese   95 

Rush   Family    59 

Rush  59 

Scouring  38 


INDEX. 


145 


Page. 

Rush,  Soft  60 

Spike  60 

Wood    60 

Russian  Thistle    74 

Rye,  Wild 50 


Sabbatia  

Sage,  Wood  

Sagina  

Sagittaria  

Salicaceae  

Salix  

Salmon-berry  

Salomonia  

Salsola  

Sambucus  

Samolus  

Sandalwood  Family  

Sandwort  

Thyme-leaved  

Sanguinaria  

Sauguisorba  

Sanicle 

Sanicula  

Santalacese  

Saponaria  

Sarothra  

Sarracenia  84, 

Sarraceniaceae  

Sarsaparilla,  Wild  

Bristly  

Sassafras  

Satureia  

Saururus  

Savory,  Summer  

Saxif raga  

Saxif ragaceae  

Saxifrage  

Early    

Golden  

Saxifrage  Family  

Scabious,  Sweet  

Scheuchzeriaceae  

Scheuchzeria  

Schollera  

Scirpus  

Scleranthus  

Scleria  

Scoke  

Scrub  Pine,  Gray  or  North- 
ern   

Scrophularia  

Scrophulariaceae  

Scutellaria  

Seal,  Golden  

Sea-Rocket  

Secale  

Sedge  

Sedge  Family  

Sedum 

Senna  Family  

Seed-box  

Selaginella  

Selaginellacese  

Self-heal  

Senna,  Wild  

Senecio  

Service-berry  

Setaria  

Sevastana  

Shad-bush  

Sheep-berry  

Shell-bark  

Shepherdia  , 

Shepherd's  Purse 

Shin-leaf  

Shooting-Star  

Shrubs,  List  of 

Sibbaldiopsis  

Sickle-pod 

Sicyos 

Sida  

Side-saddle  Flower  

Sieversia  


116 
91 

135 
89 
44 
44 
89 

124 
67 

102 
83 

107 

110 
30 
87 
83 

125 
99 
84 


Page. 

Silene    75 

Silkweed  112 

Silene    75 

Silphium    132 

Silver-weed   87 

Simarubaceae    95 

Sinapis   : 81 

Sisymbrium    81,  83 

Sisyrinchium   63 

Sium   106 

Skeels,  II.  C.,  as  Collector.      5 

Skullcap   115 

Mad-dog 115 

Smartweed  72 

Water   72 

Smilacina   62 

Smilaceae  63 

Smilax  Family  63 

Smilax   63 

Smith,  E.  F.,  Catalogue  of     3 
Smith,  E.  F.,  Notes  on  Cli- 
mate         12 

Smith,  E.  F.,  Notes  on  Dis- 
tribution of  Plants 12 

Snake-mouth    65 

Suakeroot,  Black    78 

Button   105,  128 

Seneca   96 

Virginia    71 

White  128 

Snake-head    119 

Sneeze- weed  124 

Sneezewort    134 

Snowberry  109,  124 

Soapwort  75 

Soil,   Quality   Indicated  by 

Plants  16,  18 

Solanaceae    117,  118 

Solanum   118 

Solea  102 

Solidago   129 

Solomon's  Seal   62 

False  62 

Great  62 

Smaller    62 

Sonchus   126 

Sones,  G.  D.,  Herbarium  of    11 

Sophia   83 

Sorbus    89 

Sorghastrum  43 

Sorrel    72 

Dock   72 

Sheep   72 

Sour-Gum   Tree    107 

Southernwood    134 

Spalding,  V.  M.,  Medicinal 

Plants  9 

Sparganiacese  

Sparganium  40 

Spartina  47 

Spathyema  58 

Spearmint  117 

Spearwort,  Creeping   79 

Specularia  125 

Speedwell  120 

Corn    120 

Field    120 

Marsh    120 

Purslane  120 

Thyme-leaved    120 

Water    120 

Spergula  76 

Spergularia    76 

Spice-bush  80 

Spiderwort  59 

Spiderwort  Family   59 

Spikenard    104 

Spindle-tree    97 

Spiraea  86 

Spiranthes    65 

Spirodela  5S 

Spleenwort  37 

Sporobolus    45 

Spring-Beauty   74 

Spruce   39 


Page. 

Spruce,   Black   39 

White   39 

Spurge  % 

Spurge  Familv   96 

Spurry   76 

Corn  76 

Squaw-root  122 

Squaw-weed     135 

Squirrel  Corn  81 

Stachys  116 

Stacey,  I.  W.,  as  Collector.      5 

Staff-tree  97 

Staff-tree  Family  97 

Staphylea  98 

Staphyleacerc  98 

Star-flower   110 

Star-grass   61,  63 

Starwort   75 

Steeple-Bush   86 

Steironema  110 

Stellaria  75 

Stenophyllus  51 

Stitchwort,   Fleshy    75 

Long-leaved  75 

Long-stalked  75 

Northern  75 

Stickseed  114 

Stick-tight    114 

Stipa  45 

St.    John,    C.    E.,    List    of 

Plants  in  Mason  Co 11 

St.  John's-wort  100 

St.  John's-wort  Family 100 

Canadian  100 

Great   100 

Kalm's  100 

Marsh   100 

Shrubby    100 

Spotted  100 

Stillwell,  O.  J.,  Herbarium 

of   11 

Stone-crop  85 

Ditch   85 

Mossy   85 

Stone-root   117 

Storksbill   94 

Stramonium,  Common  118 

Strawberry   87 

Barren    88 

Streptopus   62 

Strophostyles  93 

Stylophorum  80 

Succory  126 

Sugarberry   70 

Sumach,  Dwarf  97 

Fragrant   97 

Poison    97 

Smooth    97 

Staghorn   97 

Sundew  Family    84 

Sundew,  Oblong-leaved  —    84 

Round-leaved   84 

Slender  84 

Snndrops     103 

Sunflower    133 

Swallow-wort,  Black   112 

Sweet-brier   89 

Sweet  Cicely   106 

Sweet-fern    67 

Sweet  Flag  58 

Sweet-Gale  Family  67 

Sweetbrier    89 

Sweet  William   75 

Sycamore   86 

Sylabum   136 

Symphoricarpos    12 

Symphy turn    v  . . .  114 

Symplocarpus   % 

Syndesmon   78 

Synosma    135 

Syntherisma   43 

Synthyris   120 

Syringa    HO 


19 


INDEX. 


Page. 

Tsenidia   105 

Tamarack  39 

Tanacetum    134 

Tansy   134 

Taraxacum  126 

Tare  94 

Taxacese  40 

Taxus    40 

Tea,  Labrador  108 

Mexican    73 

New  Jersey  99 

Oswego  116 

Tear-thumb,  Arrow-leaved.     72 

Halberd-leaved   72 

Teasel  Family    125 

Teasel  125 

Tephrosia    92 

Tetragonanthus  Ill 

Teucrium    .  115 

Thalesia  122 

Thalictrum    79 

Thaspium   105 

Thimbleberry    87 

Thistle,  Bull   136 

Canada   135 

Hill's 135 

Milk  136 

Pasture   136 

Pitcher's 136 

Russian   74 

Scotch   136 

Sow  126 

Spiny-leaved  Sow  126 

Swamp    136 

Tall    135 

Wavy-leaved   136 

Yellow   136 

Thlaspi  81 

Thorn,   Cockspur   90 

Thorn- Apple    118 

Thoroughwort   128 

Thread-foot    84 

Thuya   39 

Thyme   %. . . .  117 

Creeping  117 

Thymelseaceae    102 

Thymus   117 

Tiarella    85 

Tickseed    133 

Tiedemannia  105 

Tilia 99 

Tiliacese    99 

Timothy    45 

Tipularia  66 

Tissa 76 

Toad-flax   119 

Bastard   .' .    71 

Tobacco,   Indian    126 

Root  125 

Wild 118 

Tofieldia    60 

Tomatillo  118 

Toothache  Tree   95 

Tooth  wort  83 

Topography   11 

Touch-me-not    98 

Tradescantia    59 

Tragopogon    126 

Tree-of-Heaven   95 

Trees  of  Michigan  28 

Trees,  Distribution  of,  Ex- 
plained by  Dr.  A.  Gray..    22 

Trees,  List  of  28 

Trees     of     Michigan     Con- 
trasted    with     those     of 

Europe    21 

Trees,  Why  has  Great  Brit- 
ain  so  few?   22 

Trees,    Why   has    Michigan 

so   many?    22 

Trefoil   93,  95 

Shrubby  93,  95 

Tick    93 

Tricuspis   47 

Triadenum    100 


Page. 

Trientalis 110 

Trifolium   92 

Triglochin  42 

Trillium   62 

Dwarf  White   62 

Painted 62 

Triodia    47 

Triosteum   46,  124 

Triphora 65 

Triplasis    47 

Trisetum   46 

Trollius   77 

Tsuga    39 

Tulip-tree    77 

Tumble  Weed  74 

Tupelo   107 

Tussilago    135 

Tuthill,  F.  H.,  Notes  by....      9 

Turnip   82 

Indian    58 

Turtle-head  119 

Twayblade  65,  66 

Twin-flower    124 

Twin-leaf    80 

Twisted-stalk    62 

Typha  40 

Typhacese  40 


Ulmaceao  70 

Ulmaria  88 

Ulmus  70 

Umbelliferae 104 

Umbel-wort  74 

Unifolium    62 

Urtica  71 

Urticacese  71 

Urticastrum  71 

Utricularia 121 

Uvularia 61 


Vaccaria  ...................  75 

Vaccinium   .............  108,  109 

Vagnera  ...................  62 

Valerian  ...................  125 

Valeriana   .................  125 

Valerianacese  ..............  125 

Valerianella   ...............  125 

Valerian  Family   ..........  125 


Valisneriaceae 

Vallisneria 

Velvet-leaf 

Verbascum 

Verbena 

Verbenacese 

Verbesina 

Vernal-grass,  Sweet 

Vernonia 

Veronica 


114, 


125 
42 
100 
119 
115 
114 
133 
44 
128 
120 
Vervain   ................  114.  115 

Vervain  Family   ...........  114 

Vervain,  Blue  .............  114 

White  ..................  114 

Vetch   ......................    94 

Cooper's   ...............     92 

Milk   ....................    92 

Viburnum  ..............  123,  124 

Vicia   ......................     94 

Vinca    .....................  Ill 

Vincetoxicum  ..............  112 

Vine   Family   ..............    99 

Viola   ......................  101 

Violaceae  ...................  101 

Violet  Family  .............  101 

Violet,  Arrow-leaved  ......  101 

Bird-foot   ...............  101 

Canada   ................  101 

Common  Blue  ..........  101 

Dame's    ................     84 

Dog's-tooth    ............     61 

Downy  Yellow  .........  101 

Great-spurred  ..........  101 

Green    .................  101 

Lance-leaved  ...........  101 


Page. 

Violet,  Long-spurred- 101 

Pale  101 

Round-leaved  101 

Sweet  White  101 

White  Dog's-tooth  61 

Virgin's-Bower  78 

Purple  79 

Vitacese   99 

Vitis    .99 


Waahoo   97 

Wuldsteinia   88 

Walking-Leaf    37 

Walnut  67 

Walnut  Family    67 

Walnut,  Black    67 

Wake  Robin  62 

Washingtonia   106 

Water-Dock,  Great   72 

Water-Plantain   42 

Water-Plantain  Family   ...  42 

Waterleaf    113 

Waterleaf  Family  113 

Water-Hemp  74 

Water-Lily  Family  76 

Water-Lily    77 

Water-Milfoil    104 

Water-Milfoil  Family  104 

WTater-Pepper   72 

Water-Shield   76 

Water-Starwort   96 

Wayfaring-tree,   American.  123 

Wax-work    97 

Wax-Myrtle    67 

Weeds  from  Europe  25 

Native    26,  27 

and  introduced 25 

Weymouth  Pine  39 

WTheat-Grass,    Awned    49 

Wheat-Thief    114 

Wheeler,  C.   F.,   Cyperaceae 

of  Central  Michigan  10 

Wheeler,  C.  F.,  as  Collector     4 
Wheeler,    C.   F.,   Catalogue 

of  3 

Herbarium  of  11 

White-rod    124 

Whitewood  77 

Whitney,  W.  D.,  Catalogue 

of    9 

Wicky   108 

Willow  Family  67 

Willow    68 

Basket   69 

Bebb's  68 

Black   68 

Dwarf  Gray   69 

Glaucous   68 

Golden  68 

Heart-leaved  68 

Hoarv    68 

Myrtle   68 

Prairie  68 

Shining  68 

Silky   68 

Tomentose  68 

Waten    122 

Willow-herb   103 

Great   103 

Willugbaeya 128 

Winchell,     Alex.,     Climate, 

Notes  on  13 

Winchell,  N.  H.,  Catalogue 

of   9 

\Vind-flower    78 

Wintergreen  Family   107 

Winterberry  . . .-. 97 

Wintergreen,   Chickweed   ..  110 

Creeping 108 

Flowering 95 

Spotted  107 

Witch-Hazel  86 

Witch-Hazel  Family    86 

Wolfberry    124 


INDEX. 


147 


Page. 
VVolftia            58  i  Xanthium 

Page. 
...  127 
95 
108 
59 
59 

Yarrow 

Page. 
134 

Wood,  F.  E.,  Herbarium  of    11 
Woodsia   35 
Wood-Sorrel    95 
Woodwardia  37 
Wormseed                              •    73 

Xanthoxylum  
Xolisma  
Xyridacea?  
Xyrls  

Yellow-eyed-grass 
Yellow-Rattle  
Yew  

Zannichellia  

Family..    59 
...  121 
40 

41 

Wormwood      127.134 

Wright,  John,  Catalogue  of     9 
Wulfenia       120 

Yam  
Yam  Family  

63 
63 

Zizania  
Zizia  

44 
106 

\ani-root,  Wild  .... 

63 

Zygadenus  

60 

ADDITIONS  TO  THE  MICHIGAN  FLORA. 


W.  J.   REAL. 


[Reprinted    from   the    Tenth   Annual    Report   of   the    Michigan   Academy   of   Science.] 


MICHIGAN    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCE.  85 


ADDITIONS  TO  THE  MICHIGAN  FLORA  AS  PUBLISHED  IN  THE 
FIFTH  REPORT  OF  THE  MICHIGAN  ACADEMY  OF  SCIENCE,  1904. 

W.  J.  BEAL. 

The  list  includes  122  species  and  varieties  of  which  H.  S.  Pepoon  furnishes 
66,  collected  in  Counties  Van  Buren,  Cass  and  Berrien. 
These  added  to  the  .former  list  make  2365. 
The  following  seem  to  be  the  most  interesting. 
Andropogon  Virginicum  L. 
Aristida  tuberculosa  Mutt. 
Boltonia  asteroides  (L)  L'Her. 
Cassia  Chamaecrista  L. 

Elatine  Americana  Arn.     Growing  about  an  inch  high  in  mud,  prob- 
ably usually  overlooked. 
Quercus  Michauxii  Nutt. 
Triosteum  aurantiacum  Bicknell. 
Primus  Virginiana  L.  var.  with  cream-colored  fruit  of  mild  flavor. 

Collected  at  Menominee  by  A.  L.  Sawyer. 

This  variety  was  collected  some  years  ago  in  Massachusetts  by  Mrs.  H. 
L.    T.    Woolcott,    Dedham,    Mass. 
Agrostis  intermedia  Scribn. 

Upland  Bent-grass.     Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Andropogon  Virginicus  L. 

Virginia  Beard-grass.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Antennaria  ambigens  (Greene)  Fernald. 

Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Antirrhinum  majus  L.  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Arctium  minus  Schk. 

Common  Burdock,  Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Aristida  tuberculosa  Nutt. 

Sea  Beach  Aristida,  Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Artemisia    Pontica  L. 

Roman  Wormwood,  Bay  City,xGeo.  M.  Bradford. 
Ascyrum  hyperocoides  L. 

Near  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Boltonia  asteroides  L.     L'Her. 

Aster-like  Boltonia,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Briza  media  L. 

Detroit  River  Front,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Calamagrostis  inexpansa  A.  Gray. 

Bog  Reed-grass,  Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Campanula  uliginosa  Ryd. 

Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Cardamine  Pennsylvania  Muhl. 

Pennsylvania  Bitter  Cress.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Car  ex  Baileyi  Brit. 

Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 


86  TENTH    REPORT. 

Car  ex  conjuncta  Boot. 

Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Car  ex  glaucodea  Tuck. 

Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Car  ex  Jamesii  Schwein. 

Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Car  ex  paupercula  irrigua  (Wahl.)  Fern  aid. 

Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Car  ex  paupercula  pollens  Fernald. 
Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Car  ex  marcida  Boot. 

Thunder  Bay  Island,  Port  Huron,  C.  K.  Bodge. 
Car  ex  teretiuscula  prairea  (Dewey).     Britton. 

Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Cassia  Chamaecristata  L. 

Partridge  Pea.     Pipestone,  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Caucalis  nodosa  (L)  Hucls. 

In  Ballast,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Chelone  obliqua  L.     Red  Turtle  head. 

Near  Huron  River,  Ann  Arbor,  S.  Alexander. 
Commelina  communis  L. 

Asiatic  Day-Flower,  Dowagiac,  Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Corallorhiza  multiflora  flavida  Peck.     Large  Coral-root. 

Birmingham,  S.  Alexander. 
Crataequs  Margaretta  Ash. 

Dowagiac,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Cuscuta  compacta  Juss. 

Compact  Dodder.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Cuscuta  paradoxa  Raf. 

.Glomerate  Dodder.     Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Dasystoma  laevigata  Raf. 

Birmingham,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Delphinium  Ajacis  L. 

Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Dipsacus  laciniatus  L.     Lansing,  a  mile  and  a    half  below  the  College,  W. 

J.  B.     Cup-leaved  Teasle. 
Elatine  Americana  Arnott. 

Mud  Purslane,  Border  Round  Lake,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Elatine  brachisperma  A.  Gray. 

Border  of  Lake  Anne,  Houghton  Co.,  C.  E.  Davis. 
Eleocharis  melanocarpa  Torr. 

Priest's  Lake,  Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Eleocharis  palustris  calva  A.  Gray. 

Belle  Isle,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Equisetum  palustre  L. 

Marsh  Horsetail.     Silver  Creek,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Euphorbia  serpyllifolia  Pers. 

Thyme-leaved    Spurge,    Agricultural    College,    escaped    from    cultivation 
W.  J.  B. 

Euthamia  Caroliniana  (L)  Greene.     Solidago  tenuifolia  Pursh. 
'Slender  Fragrant  Golden-rod. 
Dewey  Lake,  Cass  Co.    H.  S.  Pepoon. 


MICHIGAN    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCE.  87 

Eupatorium  trifoliatum  L. 

Crenate-leaved  Joe-pye  weed.     Van  Buren  Co.;  H.  8.  Pepoon. 
Galinsoga  parviflora  hispida  D.  C. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Galium  circaezans  glabellum  Britton. 

Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Galium  Claytoni  Michx. 

Clayton's  Bedstraw,  Dewey  Lake;  Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Galium  tricorne  Stokes. 

In  ballast,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Genista  tinctoria  L. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Geranium  Carolinianum  L. 

Carolina  Crane's  Bill.     Cass  Co.,  and  Van   Buren  Co.,   H.   S.   Pepoon. 
Helianthus  annuus  L. 

Detroit,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
Helianthus  atrorubens  L. 

Hairy-Wood  Sunflower,  Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Helianthus  laetiflorus  Pers. 

Showy  Sunflower,  Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Helianthus  lenticularis  Dougl. 

Ann  Arbor,  S.  Alexander;  Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
Helianthus  strumosus  mollis  T.  &  G. 

Ypsilanti,  O.  A.  Farwell;  Ann  Arbor,  S.  Alexander. 
Heliopsis  helianthoides  (L.)   B.  S.   P.     H.  laevis  Pers,  Addison,  -W.  J.   B.; 

Port  Huron,  C.    K.    Dodge. 
Hemerocallis  flava  L. 

Yellow  Day-Lily.     Dowagiac,  Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Hemicarpha  micrantha  (Vahl.)  Brit. 

Cable  Lake,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Hicoria  microcarpa  (Nutt.)  Brit. 

Small-fruited  Hickory.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.'  Pepoon. 
Hieracium  marianum  Willd. 

Maryland  Hawkweed.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Hypoxis  hirsuta  (L.)  Coville. 

Star  grass.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Ilex  Bronxensis  Britton. 

Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 

Juncus  marginatus  aristatus  (Michx.)  Coville,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Kneifjia  linearis  (Michx.)  Beach. 

St.  Clair  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 
Lactuca  Morssii  Robinson.     Morss  Wild  Lettuce. 

Turin,  U.  P.,  Brunson  Barlow. 
Lechea  racemulosa  Michx. 

Oblong-fruited  Pin-weed,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Lycopus  Virginicus  L.     Purple    Bugle    Weed.     Near   Magician    Lake,    Van 

Buren  Co.,  H.    S.    Pepoon. 
Mitchella  repens  alba. 

Partridge-berry.     Fruit  white,  Mrs.  Helen  W.  Paul,  Ontonagon. 
Naias  gracillima  (A.  Br.)  Morong. 

Thread-like  Naias,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Onagra  biensis  cruciata  (L.) 

Belle  Isle,  Detroit,     0.  A.  Farwell. 


88  TENTH    REPORT. 

Onagra  biennis  grandiflora  (Ait.)  Lind.  Detroit.     O.  A.  Farwell. 
Onagra  biennis  muricata  L. 

Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Onagra  biennis  parviflora. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Panicularia  Torreyana. 

Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Panicum  Ashei  G.  Pearson. 

Ashe's  Panicum  (No  specimen),  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Panicum  barbulatum  Michx. 

Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Panicum  lanuginosum  Ell.     Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Panicum  laxiflorum  Lam. 

Lax-flowered  Panicum  (No  specimen),  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Panicum  microcarpon  Muhl. 

Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Panicum  pubescens  Lam. 

Pine  Lake,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Parietaria  Pennsylvania  Muhl. 

Pennsylvania  Pellitory.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Poly  gala  cruciata  L. 

Cross-leaved  Milkwort.     Sandy  Shore,  Dewey  Lake,  Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Polygonum  punctatum  lepostachyum  (Meisn.)     Small. 

Belle  Isle,  0.  A.  Farwell. 
Potamogoton  lonchitis  L. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Potamogeton  nitens  L. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Prunus  avium  L. 

Hazard  Cherry,  near  Magician  Lake,  Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Prunus  cerasifera  Ehrh. 

Belle  Isle,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Prunus  Virginiana  L. 

Choke  Cherry,  Variety  with  cream  colored  fruit  of  mild  flavor.     A.  L. 

Sawyer,  Attorney,  Menominee. 
Quercus  Michauxii  Nutt. 

Cow  Oak,  Basket  Oak,  Moist  wood.     N.  Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  very  rare, 

H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Ranunculus  Macounii  Brit. 

Macoun's  Buttercup.     Hartfort,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Rhynchospora  corniculata  (Lam.)  A.  Gray. 

Horned  Rush.     Fox  Lake,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Rhexia  Virginica  L. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Rhus  glabra  borealis  Britt. 

Belle  Isle,  Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Robinia  hispida  L. 

Rose  Acacia,    Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Robinia  viscosa  Vent. 

Clammy  Locust.     Near  Silver  Creek,  Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Rosa  lucida  Ehrh. 

Glossy  Rose.     Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 


MICHIGAN    ACADEMY    OF    SCIENCE.  89 

Rota-la  ramosior  (L)  Koehne. 

Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Rubus  Alleghaniensis  Porter. 

Keweenaw  Co.,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Rudbeckia  Sullivantii  Boynton  &  Beadle. 

North  Lansing  on  River  bank.     Inserted  in  last  catalogue  as  R.  speciosa. 

W.  J.  B. 
Salix  eriocephala  Michx. 

Pussy  Willow.     Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Salix  fluviatilis  Nutt. 

Sand  bar  Willow.     H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Salix  seryissima  (Bailey)  Fernald. 

Lakeville.     Brotherton  &  Farwell. 
Scandix  Pecten-Veneris  L. 

In  Ballast.     Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Scleria  pauciflora  Muhl. 

Nut-rush.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Sida  spinosa  Lin. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Sisymbrium  canescens  Nutt. 

Thunder  Bay  Island,  C.  F.  Wheeler. 
Smilax  pulverulenta  Michx. 

Dowagiac,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Solidago  juncea  ramosa  Porter. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Solidago  rigidiuscula  (T.  &  G.)     Porter. 

Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Specularia  perfoliata  (L.)  A.  DC. 

Venus'  Looking  Glass.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Stenophragma  Thaliana  (L.)  Celak.     Arabia  Thaliana  L. 

Mouse-ear  Cress.     H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Symphoricarpos  recemosus  L. 

Snow-berry.     Silver  Creek.  Cass  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Taraxacum  erythrospermum  Andrez. 

Previously  only  found  in  Wayne  Co.,  Berrien  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Teucrium  menthifolium  Bicknell. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Triosteum  auriantiacum  Bicknell. 

Scarlet-fruited  Horse-Gentian.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Tunica  Saxifraga  Scop. 

Escaped  from  cultivation,  Mrs.  Ralph  Ballard,  Niles. 
Utricularia  biflora  Lam. 

Two-flowered  Bladder- wort.     Silver  Creek,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Vaccinium  atrococcum  (A.  Gray)  Heller. 

Black  Blueberry.     Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Verbesina  alternifolia  (L.)  Britt.    . 

Ypsilanti,  0.  A.  Farwell;  Ann  Arbor,  S.  Alexander. 
Vernonia  Illinoensis  Gleason,  V.  grandiflora,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Vernonia  Nov.eboracensis  (L.)  Willd. 

Detroit,  O.  A.  Farwell. 
Vibernum  dentatum  L. 

Arrow- wood.     N.  Keeler,  Van  Buren  Co.,  H.  S.  Pepoon. 
Washingtonia  divaricata  Britt. 

Thunder  Bay  Island,  Alpena  Co.,  C.  K.  Dodge. 


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